US3881557A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Immersed ram hydraulic hammer
Assignee: Raymond International Inc
•
Filing: 1973-08-27
•
Granted: 1975-05-06
•
Expires: 1993-08-27
Abstract
Abstract A hydraulic hammer having a ram reciprocally moveable in a casing filled with hydraulic fluid. An axial bore in the ram maintains the end of the casing in open fluid communication. An anvil is impacted within the casing by the ram and high energy forces are transmitted out via a stem of the anvil.
Inventors
- 👤 George J Gendron
- 👤 Henry A Nelson Holland
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 14:57
CPC Classifications
E; E02; E02D; E02D7/00; E02D7/02; E02D7/06; E02D7/10; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S173/00; Y10S173/01
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
241 words
In a hydraulic hammer, the combination of a closed casing having first, second and third bores, a ram reciprocally movable in said casing bores and having a central driving region slideable in said second bore and first and second smaller diameter end regions at each side of the central driving region and slideable within the first and third bores of said casing and forming first and second end chambers therein, an anvil having a blow receiving head in said first end chamber and located in the path of ram movement and further having a stem projecting through and closely fitted and sealed in an opening at one end of said casing in a manner permitting limited longitudinal movement of said stem in the direction of ram movement, fluid drive means operative to act on said central driving region for driving said ram reciprocally in said casing to impact against the blow receiving head of said anvil and pressure maintaining means for maintaining a continuous positive fluid pressure within said first and second end chambers to hold said anvil toward said one end with its stem projecting from said one end and in contact with an element to be driven, even during uplift reactions on said casing caused by the driving of said ram, said pressure maintaining means comprising means for supplying a pressurized fluid within said first and second end chambers and a first fluid passageway means connecting said end chambers.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
241 words
In a hydraulic hammer, the combination of a closed casing having first, second and third bores, a ram reciprocally movable in said casing bores and having a central driving region slideable in said second bore and first and second smaller diameter end regions at each side of the central driving region and slideable within the first and third bores of said casing and forming first and second end chambers therein, an anvil having a blow receiving head in said first end chamber and located in the path of ram movement and further having a stem projecting through and closely fitted and sealed in an opening at one end of said casing in a manner permitting limited longitudinal movement of said stem in the direction of ram movement, fluid drive means operative to act on said central driving region for driving said ram reciprocally in said casing to impact against the blow receiving head of said anvil and pressure maintaining means for maintaining a continuous positive fluid pressure within said first and second end chambers to hold said anvil toward said one end with its stem projecting from said one end and in contact with an element to be driven, even during uplift reactions on said casing caused by the driving of said ram, said pressure maintaining means comprising means for supplying a pressurized fluid within said first and second end chambers and a first fluid passageway means connecting said end chambers.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
A hydraulic hammer according to claim 1 wherein said anvil has a convexly shaped blow receiving head and wherein said ram has a correspondingly concavely shaped bottom end for impacting said anvil.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
A hydraulic hammer according to claim 1 wherein said separate anvil bearing means are interposed between said casing and said anvil at both said blow receiving head and said stem.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
A hydraulic hammer according to claim 3 wherein said anvil is formed with fluid passageway extending between its blow receiving head and its periphery between said anvil bearing means.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
169 words
In a hydraulic hammer, the combination of a closed casing, a ram reciprocally moveable in said casing, an anvil having a blow receiving head in said casinG and located in the path of ram movement and further having a stem projecting through and closely fitted and sealed in an opening at one end of said casing in a manner permitting limited longitudinal movement of said stem in the direction of ram movement, first means for driving said ram in said casing to impact against the blow receiving head of said anvil and second means for maintaining a continuous positive pressure within said casing between said ram and anvil to bias said anvil with its stem projecting from said opening and in contact with an element to be driven, even during uplift reactions on said casing caused by the driving of said ram, said second means for maintaining a continuous positive pressure comprising fluid passageway means extending from within the casing between said anvil and ram to an external accumulator.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
169 words
In a hydraulic hammer, the combination of a closed casing, a ram reciprocally moveable in said casing, an anvil having a blow receiving head in said casinG and located in the path of ram movement and further having a stem projecting through and closely fitted and sealed in an opening at one end of said casing in a manner permitting limited longitudinal movement of said stem in the direction of ram movement, first means for driving said ram in said casing to impact against the blow receiving head of said anvil and second means for maintaining a continuous positive pressure within said casing between said ram and anvil to bias said anvil with its stem projecting from said opening and in contact with an element to be driven, even during uplift reactions on said casing caused by the driving of said ram, said second means for maintaining a continuous positive pressure comprising fluid passageway means extending from within the casing between said anvil and ram to an external accumulator.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
A hydraulic hammer according to claim 5 wherein said fluid passageway is formed in part by a longitudinal bore extending through the length of said ram.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
172 words
A pile drive hammer comprising a casing, a ram fitted inside and enclosed by said casing for longitudinal movement therein, an anvil within said casing in the path of movement of the ram for receiving blows from the ram, said ram defining, within the interior of said casing, spaces which change in volume with ram movement inside said casing, means maintaining said spaces filled with liquid, means for moving said ram inside said casing and means maintaining the opposite ends of said casing in open liquid communication with each other whereby movements and hammering action of said ram occurs while said ram is submersed in said liquid, said means for moving said ram inside said casing comprising a larger diameter region of said ram fitted into a corresponding large diameter bore of said casing and dividing said large diameter bore of said casing into a pair of variable size pressure chambers and wherein said means for moving said ram includes means for controlling pressurized fluid flow to and from said pressure chambers.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
172 words
A pile drive hammer comprising a casing, a ram fitted inside and enclosed by said casing for longitudinal movement therein, an anvil within said casing in the path of movement of the ram for receiving blows from the ram, said ram defining, within the interior of said casing, spaces which change in volume with ram movement inside said casing, means maintaining said spaces filled with liquid, means for moving said ram inside said casing and means maintaining the opposite ends of said casing in open liquid communication with each other whereby movements and hammering action of said ram occurs while said ram is submersed in said liquid, said means for moving said ram inside said casing comprising a larger diameter region of said ram fitted into a corresponding large diameter bore of said casing and dividing said large diameter bore of said casing into a pair of variable size pressure chambers and wherein said means for moving said ram includes means for controlling pressurized fluid flow to and from said pressure chambers.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
40 words
A pile driving hammer according to claim 7 wherein said pressure chambers are pressure isolated from said ends of said casing by means of sliding pressure seals between said casing and said ram at each end of said pressure chambers.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
37 words
A pile driving hammer according to claim 7 wherein said ram is supported for free axial movement in said casing by means of hydrostatic bearings located between said sliding pressure seals and the ends of said casing.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
38 words
A pile driving hammer according to claim 7 wherein said means maintaining said first and third bores in open liquid communication with each other comprises a fluid passageway formed in and extending through the length of said ram.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
141 words
A fluid actuated hammer system comprising a casing, a ram mounted for reciprocal movement within the casing, an anvil having a portion thereof located within said casing in the path of movement of said ram to be struck by said ram without the casing, said anvil having a portion thereof extending out from said casing, means maintaining a supply of liquid at a positive pressure within said casing in the regions thereof displaced by movement of said ram and means maintaining said regions in open fluid communication, hydraulic actuator means within said casing and connected to produce movement of said ram in said casing, said hydraulic actuator means including a variable size chamber which changes size in response to movements of fluid into and out from said chamber and sliding pressure seal means isolating said variable size chamber from said regions.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
141 words
A fluid actuated hammer system comprising a casing, a ram mounted for reciprocal movement within the casing, an anvil having a portion thereof located within said casing in the path of movement of said ram to be struck by said ram without the casing, said anvil having a portion thereof extending out from said casing, means maintaining a supply of liquid at a positive pressure within said casing in the regions thereof displaced by movement of said ram and means maintaining said regions in open fluid communication, hydraulic actuator means within said casing and connected to produce movement of said ram in said casing, said hydraulic actuator means including a variable size chamber which changes size in response to movements of fluid into and out from said chamber and sliding pressure seal means isolating said variable size chamber from said regions.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
A fluid actuated hammer according to claim 11 wherein said means maintaining said regions in open fluid communication a fluid passageway formed in and extending through the length of said ram.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
33 words
A fluid actuated hammer according to claim 11 wherein said portion of said anvil extending out from said casing is sealed with respect to said casing by means of sliding pressure seal means.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
A fluid actuated hammer According to claim 11 wherein said variable size chamber is formed in part by piston means moveable with said ram.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
68 words
A fluid actuated hammer according to claim 11 wherein said hydraulic actuator means includes pressure actuated switching valve means arranged to control fluid flow to and from said variable size chamber and actuation means for actuating said switching valve means, said actuation means comprising a fluid connection to said casing at a location to be exposed to said variable size chamber when said chamber attains a predetermined size.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
228 words
A differential acting fluid driven hammer comprising a casing having an enlarged diameter central bore and a pair of smaller diameter bores at each end of the enlarged diameter bore, a piston ram having an enlarged central region closely fitted into the central bore of the casing, said ram further having first and second regions closely fitted into the smaller diameter bores of said casing and forming first and second end chambers therein, said piston ram being reciprocally moveable in said casing, the enlarged central region of said ram dividing said central bore of said casing into first and second pressure chambers, an anvil having a head positioned in said first end chamber of the casing in the path of movement of said piston ram to be struck thereby, and a stem extending out from the end of said casing proximate said first bore, sliding pressure seal means between said casing and said ram at each end of said first and second pressure chambers respectively and further sliding pressure seal means between said casing and said anvil, said ram being formed with a passageway extending longitudinally between its ends and placing said first and second end chambers in open fluid communication with each other, and means for controlling the flow of pressurized fluid into and out from said pressure chambers to control piston ram movements within said casing.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
228 words
A differential acting fluid driven hammer comprising a casing having an enlarged diameter central bore and a pair of smaller diameter bores at each end of the enlarged diameter bore, a piston ram having an enlarged central region closely fitted into the central bore of the casing, said ram further having first and second regions closely fitted into the smaller diameter bores of said casing and forming first and second end chambers therein, said piston ram being reciprocally moveable in said casing, the enlarged central region of said ram dividing said central bore of said casing into first and second pressure chambers, an anvil having a head positioned in said first end chamber of the casing in the path of movement of said piston ram to be struck thereby, and a stem extending out from the end of said casing proximate said first bore, sliding pressure seal means between said casing and said ram at each end of said first and second pressure chambers respectively and further sliding pressure seal means between said casing and said anvil, said ram being formed with a passageway extending longitudinally between its ends and placing said first and second end chambers in open fluid communication with each other, and means for controlling the flow of pressurized fluid into and out from said pressure chambers to control piston ram movements within said casing.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
21 words
A differential acting fluid hammer according to claim 16 wherein said smaller diameter bores of said casing are of different diameters.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
35 words
A differential acting fluid hammer according to claim 16 wherein said casing is formed of an assembly of segments in stacked array and held together with tension members extending along the outside of the segments.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
42 words
A differential acting fluid hammer according to claim 18 wherein said means for controlling the flow of pressurized fluid includes hydraulic valve means and means for actuating said valve means in accordance with the position of said piston ram in said casing.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
55 words
A differential acting fluid hammer according to claim 19 wherein said casing is formed with pilot pressure ports which are exposed to different pressures within said casing as the enlarged central portion of said ram moves past said ports and means responsive to changes in pressure at said ports to actuate said hydraulic valve means.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
47 words
A pile driving hammer according to claim 7 wherein said first bore is of intermediate diameter and said third bore is of small diameter relative to the second bore and wherein said ram further comprises first and second end regions slideable within said first and second bores.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US1005770A
Cited
US1257762A
Cited
US3146835A
Cited
US3332503A
Cited
US3646598A
Cited
US3735820A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-05-05 | 1978-11-04 | 1979-05-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-05-05 | 1982-11-04 | 1983-05-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-05-05 | 1986-11-04 | 1987-05-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |