US3879308A — Lubricants and fuels containing ester-containing …

Claim 1

Independent Claim 219 words

A lubricant or fuel composition comprising a major amount of lubricating oil or a normally liquid fuel and a minor amount of at least one detergent ester additive sufficient to improve the demulsification properties of the composition, said additive comprising the oil soluble reaction product prepared by the esterification reaction of A. at least one substantially saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon carboxylic acid acylating agent having an average of at least thirty aliphatic carbon atoms per molecule exclusive of the carboxylic carbon atom and being substantially free from oil-solubilizing pendant groups; with B. at least one polyoxyalkylene alcohol, which is a demulsifier for aqueous emulsions, has an average molecular weight in the range of from about 1,000 to about 10,000, and is a block polymer comprising (1) a hydrophobic portion corresponding to the formula, -CH(R'')-CH2-O-, wherein R'' is an alkyl group of up to three carbon atoms, and (2) from about 5% to about 40% by weight of a hydrophilic portion corresponding to the formula, -CH2-CH2-O-; and C. at least one polyhydric alcohol having two to ten hydroxy groups and up to twenty aliphatic carbon atoms; wherin the total amount of (A), (B), and (C) used in the reaction is such that there is at least 0.001 equivalent of (B), and at least 0.01 equivalent of (C) per equivalent of (A).

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 219 words

A lubricant or fuel composition comprising a major amount of lubricating oil or a normally liquid fuel and a minor amount of at least one detergent ester additive sufficient to improve the demulsification properties of the composition, said additive comprising the oil soluble reaction product prepared by the esterification reaction of A. at least one substantially saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon carboxylic acid acylating agent having an average of at least thirty aliphatic carbon atoms per molecule exclusive of the carboxylic carbon atom and being substantially free from oil-solubilizing pendant groups; with B. at least one polyoxyalkylene alcohol, which is a demulsifier for aqueous emulsions, has an average molecular weight in the range of from about 1,000 to about 10,000, and is a block polymer comprising (1) a hydrophobic portion corresponding to the formula, -CH(R'')-CH2-O-, wherein R'' is an alkyl group of up to three carbon atoms, and (2) from about 5% to about 40% by weight of a hydrophilic portion corresponding to the formula, -CH2-CH2-O-; and C. at least one polyhydric alcohol having two to ten hydroxy groups and up to twenty aliphatic carbon atoms; wherin the total amount of (A), (B), and (C) used in the reaction is such that there is at least 0.001 equivalent of (B), and at least 0.01 equivalent of (C) per equivalent of (A).

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 218 words

A LUBRICANT OR FUEL COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MAJOR AMOUNT OF LUBRICATING OIL OR A NORMALLY LIQUID FUEL AND A MINOR AMOUNT OF AT LEAST ONE DETERGENT ESTER ADDITIVE SUFFICIENT TO IMPROVE THE DEMULSIFICATION PROPERTIES OF THE COMPOSITION, SAID ADDITIVE COMPRISING THE OIL SOLUBLE REACTION PRODUCT PREPARED BY THE ESTERIFICATION REACTION OF A. AT LEAST ONE SUBSTANTIALLY SATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON CARBOXYLIC ACID ACYLATING AGENT HAVING AN AVERAGE OF AT LEAST THIRTY ALIPHATIC CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE EXCLUSIVE OF THE CARBOXYLIC CARBON ATOM AND BEING SUBSTANTIALLY FREE FROM OIL-SOLUBILIZING PENDANT GROUPS; WITH B. AT LEAST ONE POLYOXYALKYLENE ALCOHOL, WHICH IS A DIMULSIFIER FOR AQUEOUS EMULSIONS, HAS AN AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT IN THE RANGE OF FROM ABOUT 1,000 TO ABOUT 10,000, AND A BLOCK POLYMER COMPRISING (1) A HYDROPHOBIC PORTION CORREPONDING TO THE FORMULA, -CH(R'') -CH2-O-, WHEREIN R'' IS AN ALKYL GROUP OF UP TO THREE CARBON ATOMS, AND (2) FROM ABOUT 5% TO ABOUT 40% BY WEIGHT OF A HYDROPHILIC PORTION CORRESPONDING TO THE FORMULA,CH2-CH2-O-; AND C. AT LEAST ONE POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL HAVING TWO TO TEN HYDROXY GROUPS AND UP TO TWENTY ALIPHATIC CARBON ATOMS; WHEREIN THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF (A), (B), AND (C) USED IN THE REACTION IS SUCH THAT THERE IS AT LEAST 0.0001 EQUIVALENT OF (B), AND AT LEAST 0.01 EQUIVALENT OF (C) PER EQUIVALENT OF (A).

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 218 words

A LUBRICANT OR FUEL COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MAJOR AMOUNT OF LUBRICATING OIL OR A NORMALLY LIQUID FUEL AND A MINOR AMOUNT OF AT LEAST ONE DETERGENT ESTER ADDITIVE SUFFICIENT TO IMPROVE THE DEMULSIFICATION PROPERTIES OF THE COMPOSITION, SAID ADDITIVE COMPRISING THE OIL SOLUBLE REACTION PRODUCT PREPARED BY THE ESTERIFICATION REACTION OF A. AT LEAST ONE SUBSTANTIALLY SATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON CARBOXYLIC ACID ACYLATING AGENT HAVING AN AVERAGE OF AT LEAST THIRTY ALIPHATIC CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE EXCLUSIVE OF THE CARBOXYLIC CARBON ATOM AND BEING SUBSTANTIALLY FREE FROM OIL-SOLUBILIZING PENDANT GROUPS; WITH B. AT LEAST ONE POLYOXYALKYLENE ALCOHOL, WHICH IS A DIMULSIFIER FOR AQUEOUS EMULSIONS, HAS AN AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT IN THE RANGE OF FROM ABOUT 1,000 TO ABOUT 10,000, AND A BLOCK POLYMER COMPRISING (1) A HYDROPHOBIC PORTION CORREPONDING TO THE FORMULA, -CH(R'') -CH2-O-, WHEREIN R'' IS AN ALKYL GROUP OF UP TO THREE CARBON ATOMS, AND (2) FROM ABOUT 5% TO ABOUT 40% BY WEIGHT OF A HYDROPHILIC PORTION CORRESPONDING TO THE FORMULA,CH2-CH2-O-; AND C. AT LEAST ONE POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL HAVING TWO TO TEN HYDROXY GROUPS AND UP TO TWENTY ALIPHATIC CARBON ATOMS; WHEREIN THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF (A), (B), AND (C) USED IN THE REACTION IS SUCH THAT THERE IS AT LEAST 0.0001 EQUIVALENT OF (B), AND AT LEAST 0.01 EQUIVALENT OF (C) PER EQUIVALENT OF (A).

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 55 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic acid acylating agent was prepared by the reaction of an alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride selected from the group consisting of acrylic, methacrylic, and maleic, with an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon having an average of at least fifty carbon atoms.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 25 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 2, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon is a 1-olefin polymer or a chlorinated 1-olefin polymer.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 22 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 3, wherein the 1-olefin polymer or chlorinated 1-olefin polymer is a polybutylene or chlorinated polybutylene.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 45 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the acylating agent is a substantially saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted succinic acid or anhydride, wherein the substituents are derived from the group consisting of ethylene-propylene copolymer, polypropylene, polybutylene, chlorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer, chlorinated polypropylene, and chlorinated polybutylene.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 51 words

The lubRicant or fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the polyoxyalkylene alcohol has an average molecular weight in the range of from about 2,000 to about 7,000, has from two to four hydroxy groups, and the hydrophilic portion is in the range of from about 10 to about 30% by weight.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 38 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the total amount of (B) and (C) is such that there is at least about 0.5 equivalent of the combination of (B) and (C) for each equivalent of (A).

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 30 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the polyhydric alcohol is at least one polyhydric alkanol having at least three hydroxy groups and up to ten carbon atoms.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 57 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 8, wherein the polyhydric alkanol has from three to six hydroxy groups and up to six carbon atoms, and the ratio of equivalents of (B) has a value of from about 0.005 to about 0.05, and the ratio of equivalents of (C) has a value of at least about 0.75.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 17 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 1, wherein (A) is reacted wtih (B) and (C) simultaneously.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 39 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the rate percentage of the esterified polyoxyalkylene alcohol moiety in the ester additive is in the range of about 0.00005% to about 5% of the total weight of the composition.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 223 words

A lubricant or fuel composition comprising a major amount of lubricating oil or a normally liquid fuel and a minor amount of at least one detergent additive sufficient to improve the demulsification properties of the composition, said additive comprising the oil soluble reaction product prepared by the reaction of A. at least one substantially saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted succinic acid or anhydride wherein the substituents are derived from a 1-olefin polymer or a halogenated 1-olefin polymer and have an average molecular weight in the range of from about 700 to about 5,000; with B. at least one polyoxyalkylene alcohol, which is a demulsifier for aqueous emulsions, has an average molecular weight in the range of from about 1,000 to about 10,000, and is a block polymer comprising (1) a hydrophobic portion corresponding to the formula, -CH(R'')-CH2-O-, wherein R'' is an alkyl group of up to three carbon atoms, and (2) from about 5% to about 40% by weight of a hydrophilic portion corresponding to the formula, -CH2-CH2-O-; and C. at least one polyhydric alkanol selected from the group consisting of trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, propylene glycol, and mannitol; wherein the total amount of (A), (B), and (C) used in the reaction is such that there is at least 0.001 equivalent of (B), and at least 0.01 equivalent of (C) per equivalent of (A).

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 223 words

A lubricant or fuel composition comprising a major amount of lubricating oil or a normally liquid fuel and a minor amount of at least one detergent additive sufficient to improve the demulsification properties of the composition, said additive comprising the oil soluble reaction product prepared by the reaction of A. at least one substantially saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted succinic acid or anhydride wherein the substituents are derived from a 1-olefin polymer or a halogenated 1-olefin polymer and have an average molecular weight in the range of from about 700 to about 5,000; with B. at least one polyoxyalkylene alcohol, which is a demulsifier for aqueous emulsions, has an average molecular weight in the range of from about 1,000 to about 10,000, and is a block polymer comprising (1) a hydrophobic portion corresponding to the formula, -CH(R'')-CH2-O-, wherein R'' is an alkyl group of up to three carbon atoms, and (2) from about 5% to about 40% by weight of a hydrophilic portion corresponding to the formula, -CH2-CH2-O-; and C. at least one polyhydric alkanol selected from the group consisting of trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, propylene glycol, and mannitol; wherein the total amount of (A), (B), and (C) used in the reaction is such that there is at least 0.001 equivalent of (B), and at least 0.01 equivalent of (C) per equivalent of (A).

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 43 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 12, wherein the ratio of equivalents of (A) to (B) to (C) is represented by the ratio of 1:b:c, where b > or = 0.001, c > or = 0.2, and b+c > or = 0.5.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 51 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 12, wherein the polyoxyalkylene alcohol has an average molecular weight in the range of from about 2,000 to about 7,000, has from two to four hydroxy groups, and the hydrophilic portion is in the range of from about 10% to about 30% by weight.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 22 words

The lubricant or fuel composition of claim 12, wherein the 1-olefin polymer or chlorinated 1-olefin polymer is a polybutylene or chlorinated polybutylene.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1978-04-21	1978-10-21	1979-04-22	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1982-04-21	1982-10-21	1983-04-22	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1986-04-21	1986-10-21	1987-04-22	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Lubricants and fuels containing ester-containing compositions

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