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US3878337A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Device for speech detection independent of amplitude

Assignee: International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
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Filing: 1970-03-13
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Granted: 1975-04-15
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Expires: 1990-03-13
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Abstract

Abstract A method and apparatus for detecting the polarity of successive samples of voice signals and generating a pulse in response to a predetermined polarity sequence of successive samples occurring for a minimum duration of time. The sequence of polarity is either one positive sample followed by one negative sample for a minimum duration of 2 milliseconds or 16 samples of one sign followed by x samples of the opposite sign, wherein x may vary between 4 and 8, for a minimum duration of 3 milliseconds. Also, since the invention is amplitude insensitive, it is incorporated with and acts complementary to, an amplitude sensitive speech detection device.

Inventors

  • 👤 Ettore Fariello

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-26 19:02
CPC Classifications
G; G10; G10L; G10L25/00; G10L25/78; H; H04; H04B; H04B3/00; H04B3/02; H04B3/04; H04B3/06; H04B3/20

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim 112 words
A method for detecting a speech signal in the presence of noise independent of the amplitude of said speech signal wherein said speech signal is sampled into a plurality of samples each sample having a characteristic sign represented by a binary 1 or a binary 0, comprising: a. detecting the sign of each successive sample; b. determining the presence of a predetermined sequence of signs characteristic of said successive samples, said sequence comprising a mixture of the sign represented by a binary 1and the sign represented by a binary 0; and c. generating a pulse, indicative of speech, when said predetermined sequence of signs is present for a predetermined period of time.
Claim 2
Independent Claim 112 words
A method for detecting a speech signal in the presence of noise independent of the amplitude of said speech signal wherein said speech signal is sampled into a plurality of samples each sample having a characteristic sign represented by a binary 1 or a binary 0, comprising: a. detecting the sign of each successive sample; b. determining the presence of a predetermined sequence of signs characteristic of said successive samples, said sequence comprising a mixture of the sign represented by a binary 1and the sign represented by a binary 0; and c. generating a pulse, indicative of speech, when said predetermined sequence of signs is present for a predetermined period of time.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 33 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the step of determining comprises: a. generating a reference waveform corresponding to the predetermined sign sequence; and b. comparing said reference waveform to the detected sign sequence.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 24 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the predetermined sign sequence is one sample of one sign followed by one sample of the other sign.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 14 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the predetermined period of time is 2 milliseconds.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 34 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the predetermined sign sequence is 16 signs of one binary value followed by x signs of the other binary value wherein x may vary between 4 and 8.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 34 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the predetermined sign sequence is x signs of one binary value followed by 16 signs of the other binary value wherein x may vary between 4 and 8.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 126 words
Apparatus for detecting a speech signal in the presence of noise independent of the amplitude of said speech wherein speech signal is sampled into a plurality of samples each sample having a characteristic sign represented by a binary 1 or a binary 0, comprising: a. means for detecting the sign of each successive sample; b. means, connected to said detecting means, for determining the presence of a predetermined sequence of signs characteristic of said successive samples, said sequence comprising a mixture of the sign represented by a binary 1 and the sign represented by a binary 0; and c. means, connected to said determining means, for generating a pulse indicative of speech when said predetermined sequence of signs is present for a predetermined period of time.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 126 words
Apparatus for detecting a speech signal in the presence of noise independent of the amplitude of said speech wherein speech signal is sampled into a plurality of samples each sample having a characteristic sign represented by a binary 1 or a binary 0, comprising: a. means for detecting the sign of each successive sample; b. means, connected to said detecting means, for determining the presence of a predetermined sequence of signs characteristic of said successive samples, said sequence comprising a mixture of the sign represented by a binary 1 and the sign represented by a binary 0; and c. means, connected to said determining means, for generating a pulse indicative of speech when said predetermined sequence of signs is present for a predetermined period of time.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 37 words
The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said means for determining comprises: a. means for generating a reference waveform corresponding to the predetermined sign sequence; and b. means for comparing said reference waveform to the detected sign sequence.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 26 words
The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the predetermined sign sequence is one sign of one binary value followed by one sign of the other binary value.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 14 words
The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the predetermined period of time is 2 milliseconds.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 34 words
The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the predetermined sign sequence is 16 signs of one binary value followed by x signs of the, other binary value, wherein x may vary between 4 and 8.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 35 words
The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the predetermined sequence of signs is x signs of one binary value followed by 16 signs of the, other binary value wherein x may vary between 4 and 8.
Claim 15
Independent Claim 148 words
A method for detecting a speech signal in the presence of noise wherein the speech signal is sampled into a plurality of samples and each sample is digitally encoded into a pulse code modulated (PCM) word of n-bit length wherein one bit of the code word represents the sign of the speech sample, comprising: a. generating a reference waveform having a predetermined sign sequence; b. generating a clock signal phased with the sign bit of each code word; c. comparing said clock signal with the sign bit of each code word; d. generating a first output signal each time the clock signal is compared with a code word representing the same sign of the sample; e. comparing said first output signal to said reference waveform; and f. generating a pulse indicative of speech when said reference waveform and said first output signal correspond for a predetermined minimum period.
Claim 16
Independent Claim 148 words
A method for detecting a speech signal in the presence of noise wherein the speech signal is sampled into a plurality of samples and each sample is digitally encoded into a pulse code modulated (PCM) word of n-bit length wherein one bit of the code word represents the sign of the speech sample, comprising: a. generating a reference waveform having a predetermined sign sequence; b. generating a clock signal phased with the sign bit of each code word; c. comparing said clock signal with the sign bit of each code word; d. generating a first output signal each time the clock signal is compared with a code word representing the same sign of the sample; e. comparing said first output signal to said reference waveform; and f. generating a pulse indicative of speech when said reference waveform and said first output signal correspond for a predetermined minimum period.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 75 words
The method of claim 13 wherein the step of generating a pulse comprises. a. generating a response signal each time said first output signal and said reference waveform correspond; b. delaying said response signal to produce a delayed response signal; c. comparing said response signal with said delayed response signal to produce a second output signal until such time as said response signal changes state; and d. detecting the duration of said second output signal.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 14 wherein said predetermined minimum period is 2 milliseconds.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 14 wherein said predetermined minimum period is 3 milliseconds.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 159 words
Apparatus for detecting a speech signal in the presence of noise wherein the speech signal is sampled into a plurality of samples and each sample is digitally encoded into a pulse code modulated (PCM) word of n-bit length wherein one bit of the code word represents the sign of the speech sample, comprising: a. means for generating a reference waveform having a predetermined sign sequence; b. means for generating a clock signal phased with the sign bit of each code word; c. means for comparing said clock signal with the sign bit of each code word; d. means for generating a first output signal each time the clock signal is compared with a code word representing the same sign of the sample; e. means for comparing said first output signal and said reference waveform; and f. means for generating a pulse indicative of speech when said reference waveform and said first output signal correspond for a predetermined minimum period.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 159 words
Apparatus for detecting a speech signal in the presence of noise wherein the speech signal is sampled into a plurality of samples and each sample is digitally encoded into a pulse code modulated (PCM) word of n-bit length wherein one bit of the code word represents the sign of the speech sample, comprising: a. means for generating a reference waveform having a predetermined sign sequence; b. means for generating a clock signal phased with the sign bit of each code word; c. means for comparing said clock signal with the sign bit of each code word; d. means for generating a first output signal each time the clock signal is compared with a code word representing the same sign of the sample; e. means for comparing said first output signal and said reference waveform; and f. means for generating a pulse indicative of speech when said reference waveform and said first output signal correspond for a predetermined minimum period.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 83 words
The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said means for generating a pulse comprises: a. means for generating a response signal each time said first output signal and said reference signal correspond; b. means for delaying said response signal to produce a delayed response signal; c. means for comparing said response signal to said delayed response signal to produce a second output signal until such time as said response signal changes state; and d. means for detecting the duration of said second output signal.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3358083A Cited
US3369080A Cited
US3508007A Cited
US3484554A Cited
US3555189A Cited
US3520999A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1978-04-14 1978-10-14 1979-04-15 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1982-04-14 1982-10-14 1983-04-15 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1986-04-14 1986-10-14 1987-04-15 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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