US3878092A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Chromatographic colums
Assignee: Applied Automation Inc
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Filing: 1973-03-12
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Granted: 1975-04-15
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Expires: 1993-03-12
Abstract
Abstract A chromatographic column for the separation of components of a mixture comprising a hollow member, a means for introducing a mixture into and withdrawing components from said member; means for detecting components issuing from said member; said column being provided with a partitioning agent comprising a crosslinked polymeric material bonded to an interior surface of said hollow member either directly or through an intermediate film or coupling agent. The partitioning agent is polymerized and crosslinked in situ within the hollow member.
Inventors
- 👤 Edward N Fuller
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 10:15
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J20/00; B01J20/281; B01J20/282; B01J20/285; G; G01; G01N; G01N30/00; G01N30/02; G01N30/50; G01N30/56; B01J2220/00; B01J2220/50; B01J2220/54; B01J2220/80; B01J2220/84; G01N30/52; G01N2030/524; G01N2030/528
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
142 words
A CHROMATOGRAPHIC COLUMN COMPRISING A HOLLOW MEMBER; A PARTITIONING AGENT DISPOSED WITHIN THE INNER VOLUME OF SAID MEMBER, SAID AGENT COMPRISING A CONTINUOUS DISCRETE FILM OF A CROSSLINKED POLYMERIC MATERIAL COMPRISING A COPOLYMER OF AT LEAST ONE DIVINYL AROMATIC HYDROCARBON AND AT LEAST ONE MONOVINYL AROMATIC HYDROCARBON, WHEREIN SAID DIVINYL AROMATIC HYDROCARBON IS PRESENT IN SAID COPOLYMER IN AN AMOUNT RANGING FROM 20 TO 75 WEIGHT PERCENT; AND A COUPLING AGENT, SAID COUPLING AGENT BEING DISPOSED AS AN ESSENTIALLY CONTINUOUS DISCRETE FILM BETWEEN SAID CROSSLINKED POLYMERIC PARTITIONING AGENT AND SAID HOLLOW MEMBER, SAID COUPLING AGENT BEING INTERGALLY BONDED AT LEAST CHEMICALLY THROUGH VALENCE BONDS TO THE INNER SURFACE OF SAID HOLLOW MEMBER AND TO SAID PARTITIONING AGENT BY A BONDING MEANS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CHEMICALLY BONDING THROUGH VALENCE BONDS, PHYSICAL INTERLOCKING OR A COMBINATION OF CHEMICALLY AND PHYSICAL MEANS.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
142 words
A CHROMATOGRAPHIC COLUMN COMPRISING A HOLLOW MEMBER; A PARTITIONING AGENT DISPOSED WITHIN THE INNER VOLUME OF SAID MEMBER, SAID AGENT COMPRISING A CONTINUOUS DISCRETE FILM OF A CROSSLINKED POLYMERIC MATERIAL COMPRISING A COPOLYMER OF AT LEAST ONE DIVINYL AROMATIC HYDROCARBON AND AT LEAST ONE MONOVINYL AROMATIC HYDROCARBON, WHEREIN SAID DIVINYL AROMATIC HYDROCARBON IS PRESENT IN SAID COPOLYMER IN AN AMOUNT RANGING FROM 20 TO 75 WEIGHT PERCENT; AND A COUPLING AGENT, SAID COUPLING AGENT BEING DISPOSED AS AN ESSENTIALLY CONTINUOUS DISCRETE FILM BETWEEN SAID CROSSLINKED POLYMERIC PARTITIONING AGENT AND SAID HOLLOW MEMBER, SAID COUPLING AGENT BEING INTERGALLY BONDED AT LEAST CHEMICALLY THROUGH VALENCE BONDS TO THE INNER SURFACE OF SAID HOLLOW MEMBER AND TO SAID PARTITIONING AGENT BY A BONDING MEANS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CHEMICALLY BONDING THROUGH VALENCE BONDS, PHYSICAL INTERLOCKING OR A COMBINATION OF CHEMICALLY AND PHYSICAL MEANS.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
35 words
The chromatographic column of claim 1 wherein said coupling agent is a vinylalkyloxysilane compound characterized by the formula CH2 CH - Si(OR)3 wherein R is an alkyl radical having from one to eight carbon atoms.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The chromatographic column of claim 1 further comprising: a particulate support material disposed within the inner volume of said hollow member.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
38 words
The chromatographic column of claim 3 wherein said coupling agent is disposed within the inner volume of said hollow member as an essentially continuous discrete layer upon said support material intermediate said support material and said partitioning agent.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
56 words
The chromatographic column of claim 3 wherein said partitioning agent is disposed within the inner volume of said hollow member as a continuous layer upon the exposed surface of said support material and wherein said film of partitioning agent bonded to said coupling agent forms a continuous film with the partitioning agent on said support material.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The chromatographic column of claim 2 wherein said coupling agent is vinyltriethoxysilane and said crosslinked polymeric partitioning agent is a copolymer of styrene, divinylbenzene and ethylvinylbenzene.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
197 words
An apparatus for the separation of a fluid stream and a component fraction comprising: a hollow member; a partitioning agent disposed within the inner volume of said member, said agent comprising a continuous discrete film of a crosslinked polymeric material comprising a copolymer of at least one divinyl aromatic hydrocarbon and at least one monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, wherein said divinyl aromatic hydrocarbon is present in said copolymer in an amount ranging from 20 to 75 weight percent; a coupling agent, said coupling agent being disposed as an essentially continuous discrete film between said crosslinked polymeric partitioning agent and said hollow member, said coupling agent being integrally bonded at least chemically through valence bonds to the inner surface of said hollow member and to said partitioning agent by a bonding means selected from the group consisting of chemically bonding through valence bonds, physical interlocking or a combination of chemical and physical means; means to introduce a fluid stream into said hollow member for separation of at least one component fraction; means to drive said fluid stream in a generally axial direction through said hollow member; and means to withdraw one or more component fractions from said hollow member.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
197 words
An apparatus for the separation of a fluid stream and a component fraction comprising: a hollow member; a partitioning agent disposed within the inner volume of said member, said agent comprising a continuous discrete film of a crosslinked polymeric material comprising a copolymer of at least one divinyl aromatic hydrocarbon and at least one monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, wherein said divinyl aromatic hydrocarbon is present in said copolymer in an amount ranging from 20 to 75 weight percent; a coupling agent, said coupling agent being disposed as an essentially continuous discrete film between said crosslinked polymeric partitioning agent and said hollow member, said coupling agent being integrally bonded at least chemically through valence bonds to the inner surface of said hollow member and to said partitioning agent by a bonding means selected from the group consisting of chemically bonding through valence bonds, physical interlocking or a combination of chemical and physical means; means to introduce a fluid stream into said hollow member for separation of at least one component fraction; means to drive said fluid stream in a generally axial direction through said hollow member; and means to withdraw one or more component fractions from said hollow member.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said coupling agent is a vinylalkyloxysilane compound characterized by the formula CH2 CH - Si(OR)3 wherein R is an alkyl radical having from one to eight carbon atoms.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 7 further comprising: a particulate support material disposed within the inner volume of said hollow member.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
37 words
The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said coupling agent is disposed within the inner volume of said hollow member as an essentially continuous discrete layer upon said support material intermediate said support material and said partitioning agent.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said partitioning agent is disposed within the inner volume of said hollow member as a continuous layer upon the exposed surface of said support material and wherein said film of partitioning agent bonded to said coupling agent forms a continuous film with the partitioning agent on said support material.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said coupling agent is vinyltriethoxysilane and said crosslinked polymeric partitioning agent is a copolymer of styrene, divinylbenzene and ethylvinylbenzene.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
168 words
A process for preparing a chromatographic column comprising: coating the interior surface of a hollow member with a coupling agent, said coupling agent being characterized by the presence of reactive groups capable of reacting with said interior surface and containing also polymerizable reactive sites; washing said coated surface with an inert diluent to remove excess coupling agent; coating said coupling agent-coated inner wall with a partitioning agent-forming polymerizable monomer to substantially uniform finite thickness, said partitioning agent comprising a copolymer of at least one divinyl aromatic hydrocarbon and at least one monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, wherein said divinyl aromatic hydrocarbon is present in said copolymer in an amount ranging from 20 to 75 weight percent; polymerizing in situ said monomer to form an essentially continuous crosslinked polymeric phase of substantially uniform finite thickness, said polymeric phase being integrally bonded to said coupling agent by at least one means selected from the group consisting of chemically bonding through valence bonds, physical interlocking, or a combination of physical and chemical means.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
168 words
A process for preparing a chromatographic column comprising: coating the interior surface of a hollow member with a coupling agent, said coupling agent being characterized by the presence of reactive groups capable of reacting with said interior surface and containing also polymerizable reactive sites; washing said coated surface with an inert diluent to remove excess coupling agent; coating said coupling agent-coated inner wall with a partitioning agent-forming polymerizable monomer to substantially uniform finite thickness, said partitioning agent comprising a copolymer of at least one divinyl aromatic hydrocarbon and at least one monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, wherein said divinyl aromatic hydrocarbon is present in said copolymer in an amount ranging from 20 to 75 weight percent; polymerizing in situ said monomer to form an essentially continuous crosslinked polymeric phase of substantially uniform finite thickness, said polymeric phase being integrally bonded to said coupling agent by at least one means selected from the group consisting of chemically bonding through valence bonds, physical interlocking, or a combination of physical and chemical means.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 13 wherein said coupling agent is a vinylalkyloxysilane compound characterized by the formula CH2 CH - Si(OR)3 wherein R is an alkyl radical having from one to eight carbon atoms.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 13 further comprising packing the interior volume of said hollow member with discrete particles of support material.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
82 words
A process according to claim 13 further comprising coating the interior surface of said hollow member with a mixture of said coupling agent and said partitioning agent-forming polymerizable monoMer to a substantially uniform finite thickness, polymerizing in situ said continuous first crosslinked polymeric phase of substantially uniform finite thickness, coating said first polymeric phase with a partitioning agent-forming polymerizable monomer to a substantially uniform finite thickness, and polymerizing in situ said polymerizable monomer to form an essentially continuous second crosslinked polymeric phase.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein said coupling agent is vinyltriethoxysilane and said partitioning agent-forming polymerizable monomer is a mixture of styrene, divinylbenzene and ethylvinylbenzene.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-04-14 | 1978-10-14 | 1979-04-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-04-14 | 1982-10-14 | 1983-04-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-04-14 | 1986-10-14 | 1987-04-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |