US3878084A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Bipolar electrode
Assignee: Occidental Chemical Corp
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Filing: 1973-05-25
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Granted: 1975-04-15
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Expires: 1993-05-25
Abstract
Abstract An improved dimensionally-stable bipolar electrode for use in electrochemical processes comprising a valve metal layer, suitable anodic material on the anode side of the valve metal, a barrier layer of germanium on the cathode side of the valve metal protected by a layer of common metal cathodic material. Such electrodes function at low hydrogen permeability rates during use in electrolytic processes.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert F Schultz
- 👤 Jr Edward H Cook
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 05:36
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25B; C25B11/00; C25B11/04; C25B11/051; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12674; Y10T428/12771; Y10T428/12806; Y10T428/12861; Y10T428/12875; Y10T428/249921; Y10T428/249953; Y10T428/249987; Y10T428/24999
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
86 words
A BIPOLAR ELECTRODE CONSISTING OF A CORE OF A VALVE METAL, AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE ANODIC SURFACE OF WHICH IS CONDUCTIVELY CVERED BY AT LEAST ONE ANODIC MATERIAL SELECTED FROM PLATINUM GROUP METALS AND PLATINUM GROUP METAL OXIDES, AND A BARRIER LAYER OF GERMANIUM ON THE CATHODIC SIDE OF THE VALVE METAL CORE, AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE EXTERIOR SURFACE OF THE LAYER OF GERMANIUM BEING COVERED BY AT LEAST ONE CATHODIC MATERIAL SELECTED FROM IRON, COPPER, COBALT, NICKEL AND ALLOYS OF THESE.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
86 words
A BIPOLAR ELECTRODE CONSISTING OF A CORE OF A VALVE METAL, AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE ANODIC SURFACE OF WHICH IS CONDUCTIVELY CVERED BY AT LEAST ONE ANODIC MATERIAL SELECTED FROM PLATINUM GROUP METALS AND PLATINUM GROUP METAL OXIDES, AND A BARRIER LAYER OF GERMANIUM ON THE CATHODIC SIDE OF THE VALVE METAL CORE, AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE EXTERIOR SURFACE OF THE LAYER OF GERMANIUM BEING COVERED BY AT LEAST ONE CATHODIC MATERIAL SELECTED FROM IRON, COPPER, COBALT, NICKEL AND ALLOYS OF THESE.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
A bipolar electrode as defined by claim 1 wherein the valve metal is titanium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A bipolar electrode as defined by claim 2 wherein the anodic metal is platinum metal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A bipolar electrode as defined by claim 3 wherein the cathodic material is iron.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
A bipolar electrode as defined by claim 2 wherein the anodic material is ruthenium oxide.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
A bipolar electrode as defined by claim 5 wherein the cathodic material is iron.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
A bipolar electrode as defined by claim 1 wherein the anodic material is platinum metal.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
A bipolar electrode as defined by claim 1 wherein the cathodic metal is nickel.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
A bipolar electrode as defined by claim 1 wherein the cathodic metal is iron.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A bipolar electrode as defined by claim 1 wherein the anodic material is ruthenium oxide.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-04-14 | 1978-10-14 | 1979-04-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-04-14 | 1982-10-14 | 1983-04-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-04-14 | 1986-10-14 | 1987-04-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |