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US3877819A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Apparatus for detection of phosphorus or sulfur containing vapors or aerosols

Assignee: United States Department of the Navy
•
Filing: 1968-02-21
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Granted: 1975-04-15
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Expires: 1988-02-21
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Abstract

Abstract A hydrogen burner capable of detecting phosphorous and sulfurbearing vapors and aerosols. The burner is a block of aluminum with borings within forming burning chambers and a flame channel. The air sample and hydrogen gas are drawn through at a high velocity which requires burning in a first chamber to eliminate the excess oxygen and then a second burning near a narrow flame channel, the flame being drawn into the flame channel and the reducing portion thereof being observable through a viewing port. The burner is cooled by a water-circulating system. The air contaminant is detected by utilizing the chemiluminescence phenomenon. The light emitted by the reducing portion of the flame is passed through a two-color (blue and green), rotatory, color filter which allows pulses of different intensity to strike a phototube. The difference in intensity is amplified and used to activate some type of indicator or alarm.

Inventors

  • 👤 Edward C Haas

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-02 03:50
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N21/00; G01N21/62; G01N21/71; G01N21/72; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T436/00; Y10T436/16; Y10T436/163333; Y10T436/18

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim 223 words
A HYDROGEN BURNER FOR PRODUCING A COLOR SPECTRUM FROM THE CHEMILUMINESCENT BURNING OF CONTAMINANT-BEARING VAPORS AND AEROSOLS COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION: A SUBSTANTIALLY RECTANGULAR BLOCK OF METAL HAVING BORINGS THERETHROUGH FORMING A FIRST BURNER, A SECOND BURNER, A FLAME CHANNEL, AN IGNITION CHAMBER, AT LEAST ONE VIEWING PORT AND A WATER CHANNEL, SAID FIRST BURNER COMPRISING A TRANSVERSE CHANNEL NEAR THE UPPER END OF SAID BLOCK HAVING A HYDROGEN INLET PORT AT ONE END THEREOF AND AN AIR INLET PORT AT THE OTHER END, A LONGITUDINAL BURNING CHAMBER CONNECTING WITH SAID INLET CHANNEL AND EXTENDING DOWNWARD THEREFROM, AND A TRANSVERSE EXHAUST CHANNEL WHICH EXTENDS ORTHOGONALLY FROM SAID BURNING CHAMBER AND IS NARROW IN DIAMETER RELATIVE TO THE DIAMETERS OF SAID OF SAID INLET CHANNEL AND SAID BURNING CHAMBER, SAID SECOND BURNER COMPRISING A LOGITUDINAL BURNING CHAMBER AND A TRANSVERSE IGNITION CHAMBER, SAID BURNING CHAMBER CONNECTING AT ONE END WITH SAID HYDROGEN INLET PORT AND END OF SAID FIRST-BURNER INLET CHANNEL AND CONNECTING NEAR ITS OTHER END WITH SAID FIRST-BURNER EXHAUST CHANNEL AND FORMING A VIRTUAL EXTENSION THEREOF SECOND-BURNER CHAMBER AT THE LEVEL OF SAID FIRST-BURNER EXHAUST CHANNEL AND FORMING A VIRTUAL EXTENSION THEREOF TO AN OUTER SURFACE OF SAID BLOCK. SAID FLAME CHANNEL CONNECTING WITH THE OTHER END OF SAID SECOND-BURNER CHAMBER AND EXTENDING DOWNWARD THEREFROM, THE DIAMETER OF SAID FLAME CHANNEL BEING NARROW
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 223 words
A HYDROGEN BURNER FOR PRODUCING A COLOR SPECTRUM FROM THE CHEMILUMINESCENT BURNING OF CONTAMINANT-BEARING VAPORS AND AEROSOLS COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION: A SUBSTANTIALLY RECTANGULAR BLOCK OF METAL HAVING BORINGS THERETHROUGH FORMING A FIRST BURNER, A SECOND BURNER, A FLAME CHANNEL, AN IGNITION CHAMBER, AT LEAST ONE VIEWING PORT AND A WATER CHANNEL, SAID FIRST BURNER COMPRISING A TRANSVERSE CHANNEL NEAR THE UPPER END OF SAID BLOCK HAVING A HYDROGEN INLET PORT AT ONE END THEREOF AND AN AIR INLET PORT AT THE OTHER END, A LONGITUDINAL BURNING CHAMBER CONNECTING WITH SAID INLET CHANNEL AND EXTENDING DOWNWARD THEREFROM, AND A TRANSVERSE EXHAUST CHANNEL WHICH EXTENDS ORTHOGONALLY FROM SAID BURNING CHAMBER AND IS NARROW IN DIAMETER RELATIVE TO THE DIAMETERS OF SAID OF SAID INLET CHANNEL AND SAID BURNING CHAMBER, SAID SECOND BURNER COMPRISING A LOGITUDINAL BURNING CHAMBER AND A TRANSVERSE IGNITION CHAMBER, SAID BURNING CHAMBER CONNECTING AT ONE END WITH SAID HYDROGEN INLET PORT AND END OF SAID FIRST-BURNER INLET CHANNEL AND CONNECTING NEAR ITS OTHER END WITH SAID FIRST-BURNER EXHAUST CHANNEL AND FORMING A VIRTUAL EXTENSION THEREOF SECOND-BURNER CHAMBER AT THE LEVEL OF SAID FIRST-BURNER EXHAUST CHANNEL AND FORMING A VIRTUAL EXTENSION THEREOF TO AN OUTER SURFACE OF SAID BLOCK. SAID FLAME CHANNEL CONNECTING WITH THE OTHER END OF SAID SECOND-BURNER CHAMBER AND EXTENDING DOWNWARD THEREFROM, THE DIAMETER OF SAID FLAME CHANNEL BEING NARROW
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 45 words
A hydrogen burner as in claim 1, including a second viewing port and associated cover, said second viewing port being located farther down along said flame channel at a location at which the chemiluminescent color spectrum of a slower-reacting contaminant than the first is visible.
Claim 4
Independent Claim 476 words
A SYSTEM FOR DETECTING THE PRESENCE OF CONTAMINANTBEARING AEROSOLS AND VAPORS BY MEANS OF THE COLOR SPECTRUM EMMITTED FROM THE CHEMILUMINESCENT BURNING THEREOF COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION: A HIGH-VELOCITY-FLAME HYDROGEN BURNER COMPRISING A SUBSTANTIALLY RECTANGULAR BLOCK OF METAL HAVING BORINGS THERETHROUGH FORMING A FIRST BURNER, A FLAME CHANNEL, AND IGNITION CHAMBER, AT LEAST ONE VIEWING PORT AND A WATER CHANNEL, SAID FIRST BURNER COMPRISING A TRANSVERSE CHANNEL NEAR THE UPPER END OF SAID BLOCK HAVING A HYDROGEN INLET PORT AT ONE END THEREOF AND AN AIR INLET PORT AT THE OTHER END, A LONGITUDINAL BURNING CHAMBER CONNECTING WITH SAID INLET CHANNEL AND EXTENDING DOWN-WARD THEREFROM, AND A TRANSVERSE EXHAUST CHANNEL WHICH EXTENDS ORTHOGONALLY FROM SAID BURNING CHAMBER AND IS NARROW IN DIAMETER RELATIVE TO THE DIAMETERS OF SAID INLET CHANNEL AND SAID BURNING CHAMBER, SAID SECOND BURNER COMPRISING A LONGITUDINAL BURNING CHAMBER AND A TRANSVERSE IGNITION CHAMBER, SAID BURNING CHAMBER CONNECTING AT ONE END WITH SAID HYDROGEN INLET PORT AND ONE END OF SAID FIRST-BURNER EXHAUST CHANNEL, SAID IGNITION CHAMBER CONNECTING WITH SAID SECOND-BURNER CHAMBER AT LEVEL OF SAID FIRST-BURNER EXHAUST CHANNEL AND FORMING A VIRTUAL EXTENSION THEREOF TO AN OUTER SURFACE OF SAID BLOCK, SAID FLAME CHANNEL CONNECTING WITH THE OTHER END OF SAID SECOND-BURNER CHAMBER AND EXTENDING DOWNWARD THEREFROM, THE DIAMETER OF SAID FLAME BEING NARROW RELATIVE TO THAT OF SSAID SECOND-BURNER BUT INCREASING IN DIAMETER AT ITS OTHER END EXHAUST PORT CONNECTING WITH AN OUTER SURFACE TO SAID BLOCK, THE DIAMETER OF THE FLAME CHANNEL BEING DESIGNED TO PROVIDE A HIGH-VELOCITY FLOW OF GAS THERETHROUGH, SAID VIEWING PORT COMPRISING AN UNDERCUT PORTION EXTENDING FROM A SURFACE OF SAID BLOCK TO SAID FLAME CHANNEL IN A LOCATION WHICH PERMITS THE CHEMILUMINESCENT COLOR SPECTRUM OF THE BURNING CONTAMINANT TO BE VIEWED BUT IS SUFFICIENTLY FAR FROM THE OXIDIZING PORTION OF THE FLAME IN SAID SECOND BURNER TO EXCLUDE THE LIGHT FORM THE OXIDIZING PORTION FROM VIEW, SAID WATER CHANNEL EXTENDING LONGITUDINALLY THROUGH SAID BLOCK AND HAVING AN INLET AND AN OUTLET PORT, A COVER FOR SAID VIEWING PORT COMPRISING A TRANSPARENT PANE AND HOLDING MEANS THEREOF, SAID HOLDING MEANS BEING SHAPED TO FIT INTO SAID VIEWING PORT AND TO BE HELD THEREIN SO THAT SAID FLAME CHANNEL CAN BE VIEWED THROUGH SAID PANE, AND AN IGNITION DEVICES SEATED IN SAID IGNITION CHAMBER FOR IGNITING THE GASES IN SAID FIRST AND SECOND BURNERS; MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID HYDROGEN INLET PORT FOR SUPPLYING HYDROGEN GAS THERETO; MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID WATER INLET AND OUTLET PORTS FOR CIRCULATING WATER THROUGH SAID WATER CHANNEL; EXHAUST MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID EXHAUST PORT FOR PULLING AIR AND HYDROGEN GAS THROUGH SAID FIRST AND SECOND BURNERS AND SAID FLAME CHANNEL; AND COLOR DETECTION MEANS ARRANGED TO VIEW THE LIGHT EMITTED FROM SAID VIEWING PORT, SAID DETECTION MEANS BEING ADAPTED TO PROVIDE A SIGNAL OUTPUT PROPORTIONAL TO THE DIFFERENCE IN INTENSITY OF TWO COLORS.
Claim 5
Independent Claim 476 words
A SYSTEM FOR DETECTING THE PRESENCE OF CONTAMINANTBEARING AEROSOLS AND VAPORS BY MEANS OF THE COLOR SPECTRUM EMMITTED FROM THE CHEMILUMINESCENT BURNING THEREOF COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION: A HIGH-VELOCITY-FLAME HYDROGEN BURNER COMPRISING A SUBSTANTIALLY RECTANGULAR BLOCK OF METAL HAVING BORINGS THERETHROUGH FORMING A FIRST BURNER, A FLAME CHANNEL, AND IGNITION CHAMBER, AT LEAST ONE VIEWING PORT AND A WATER CHANNEL, SAID FIRST BURNER COMPRISING A TRANSVERSE CHANNEL NEAR THE UPPER END OF SAID BLOCK HAVING A HYDROGEN INLET PORT AT ONE END THEREOF AND AN AIR INLET PORT AT THE OTHER END, A LONGITUDINAL BURNING CHAMBER CONNECTING WITH SAID INLET CHANNEL AND EXTENDING DOWN-WARD THEREFROM, AND A TRANSVERSE EXHAUST CHANNEL WHICH EXTENDS ORTHOGONALLY FROM SAID BURNING CHAMBER AND IS NARROW IN DIAMETER RELATIVE TO THE DIAMETERS OF SAID INLET CHANNEL AND SAID BURNING CHAMBER, SAID SECOND BURNER COMPRISING A LONGITUDINAL BURNING CHAMBER AND A TRANSVERSE IGNITION CHAMBER, SAID BURNING CHAMBER CONNECTING AT ONE END WITH SAID HYDROGEN INLET PORT AND ONE END OF SAID FIRST-BURNER EXHAUST CHANNEL, SAID IGNITION CHAMBER CONNECTING WITH SAID SECOND-BURNER CHAMBER AT LEVEL OF SAID FIRST-BURNER EXHAUST CHANNEL AND FORMING A VIRTUAL EXTENSION THEREOF TO AN OUTER SURFACE OF SAID BLOCK, SAID FLAME CHANNEL CONNECTING WITH THE OTHER END OF SAID SECOND-BURNER CHAMBER AND EXTENDING DOWNWARD THEREFROM, THE DIAMETER OF SAID FLAME BEING NARROW RELATIVE TO THAT OF SSAID SECOND-BURNER BUT INCREASING IN DIAMETER AT ITS OTHER END EXHAUST PORT CONNECTING WITH AN OUTER SURFACE TO SAID BLOCK, THE DIAMETER OF THE FLAME CHANNEL BEING DESIGNED TO PROVIDE A HIGH-VELOCITY FLOW OF GAS THERETHROUGH, SAID VIEWING PORT COMPRISING AN UNDERCUT PORTION EXTENDING FROM A SURFACE OF SAID BLOCK TO SAID FLAME CHANNEL IN A LOCATION WHICH PERMITS THE CHEMILUMINESCENT COLOR SPECTRUM OF THE BURNING CONTAMINANT TO BE VIEWED BUT IS SUFFICIENTLY FAR FROM THE OXIDIZING PORTION OF THE FLAME IN SAID SECOND BURNER TO EXCLUDE THE LIGHT FORM THE OXIDIZING PORTION FROM VIEW, SAID WATER CHANNEL EXTENDING LONGITUDINALLY THROUGH SAID BLOCK AND HAVING AN INLET AND AN OUTLET PORT, A COVER FOR SAID VIEWING PORT COMPRISING A TRANSPARENT PANE AND HOLDING MEANS THEREOF, SAID HOLDING MEANS BEING SHAPED TO FIT INTO SAID VIEWING PORT AND TO BE HELD THEREIN SO THAT SAID FLAME CHANNEL CAN BE VIEWED THROUGH SAID PANE, AND AN IGNITION DEVICES SEATED IN SAID IGNITION CHAMBER FOR IGNITING THE GASES IN SAID FIRST AND SECOND BURNERS; MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID HYDROGEN INLET PORT FOR SUPPLYING HYDROGEN GAS THERETO; MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID WATER INLET AND OUTLET PORTS FOR CIRCULATING WATER THROUGH SAID WATER CHANNEL; EXHAUST MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID EXHAUST PORT FOR PULLING AIR AND HYDROGEN GAS THROUGH SAID FIRST AND SECOND BURNERS AND SAID FLAME CHANNEL; AND COLOR DETECTION MEANS ARRANGED TO VIEW THE LIGHT EMITTED FROM SAID VIEWING PORT, SAID DETECTION MEANS BEING ADAPTED TO PROVIDE A SIGNAL OUTPUT PROPORTIONAL TO THE DIFFERENCE IN INTENSITY OF TWO COLORS.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 142 words
A system as in claim 3, wherein said color detection means comprises: color filter means including a filter consisting of two semi-circles of translucent material, each being of a different color for passing one component of the chemiluminescent color spectrum of said contaminant element, and means for rotating said filter at a predetermined speed whereby the dwell time per filter segment is greater than the average light variation cycle resulting from flame flicker; phototube means arranged to view light passed by said filter and provide an electrical output proportional to the intensity thereof; amplifying means for receiving the output of said phototube means for amplifying the differences in its output caused by differences in intensity of the two colors transmitted by said filter; and means connected to receive the output of said amplifying means for indicating the existence of a difference signal.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 25 words
A system as in claim 3, wherein said exhaust means includes pump means having the capacity to provide a high-velocity flow of the incoming gases.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 57 words
A system as in claim 4, wherein said two segments of said filter are blue and green, respectively, and are color balanced to provide equal outputs from the color spectrum of a hydrogen flame, and said viewing port is located at a point along the flame channel where the chemiluminescent spectrum of a phosphorus contaminant is visible.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 47 words
A system as in claim 4, including a second viewing port and associated cover, and second color detection means associated therewith, said second viewing port being located farther down along said flame channel at a point at which the chemiluminescent spectrum of a sulfur contaminant is visible.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US2203036A Cited
US3213747A Cited
US3174393A Cited
US3239311A Cited
US3428401A Cited
US3489498A Cited
US3807863A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1978-04-14 1978-10-14 1979-04-15 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1982-04-14 1982-10-14 1983-04-15 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1986-04-14 1986-10-14 1987-04-15 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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