US3876803A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Gelled proteinaceous fish bait having cross-linked exterior and water-soluble interior
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1972-07-26
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Granted: 1975-04-08
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Expires: 1992-07-26
Abstract
Abstract A fish bait and method of production thereof wherein a nonhomogeneous body having a toughened exterior skin-like structure surrounding a gelatinous body is formed by mixing a gel-forming proteinaceous material and water at a temperature above the solgel transition temperature, forming the proteinaceous mass into the desired shape, cooling the shaped mass and treating the exterior surface of the shaped mass with a tanning agent such as formaldehyde, resulting in a relatively insoluble skin surrounding a relatively soluble gel structure. Humectants may be added to alter the gel characteristics and fish egg waste material and other cannery wastes may be utilized as part or all of the proteinaceous material to provide the characteristic odor associated with salmon eggs.
Inventors
- 👤 John Thomas Stephan
- 👤 Kurt Frederick Stephan
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 07:25
CPC Classifications
A; A01; A01K; A01K97/00; A01K97/04; A01K97/045; A23; A23J; A23J3/00; A23J3/22; A23J3/225; A23K; A23K40/00; A23K40/30; A23K50/00; A23K50/80; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A40/00; Y02A40/80; Y02A40/81; Y02A40/818
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
183 words
THE PROCESS FOR PREPARING NONHOMOGENEOUS FISH BAIT COMPRISING: PREPARING AN ADMIXTURE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A GELFORMING PROTEINACEOUS MATERIAL AND WATER AT A TEMPERATURE ABOVE THE SOL-GEL TRANSITION TEMPERATURES THEREOF IN THE ABSENCE OF A TANNING AGENT TO FORM A HOMOGENEOUS LIQUID PROTEINACEOUS MASS; DIVIDING AND SHAPING SAID LIQUID PROTEINACEOUS MASS INTO INDIVIDUAL SHAPED ELEMENTS; COOLING SAID INDIVIDUAL SHAPED ELEMENTS TO A TEMPERATURE BELOW THE SOL-GEL TRANSITION TEMPERATURE TO FORM GELLED SHAPED ELEMENTS; AND FORMING A CROSS-LINKED EXTERIOR SURFACE ON SAID GELLED SHAPED ELEMENTS BY EXPOSING THE EXTERIOR OF SAID GELLED SHAPED ELEMENTS TO A TANNING AGENT CHOSEN FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF FORMALDEHYDE, ALUMINUM ACETATE, AND MIXTURES OF FORMALDEHYDE AND ALUMINUM SULFATE AT A TEMPERATURE BELOW THE BLOCKING TEMPERATURE OF SAID GELLED SHAPED ELEMENTS FOR A TIME SUFFICIENT TO PRODUCE TOUGHENED PROTEINACEOUS FISH BAIT WHEREIN SAID CROSSLINKED EXTERIOR SURFACE IS CAPABLE OF WITHSTANDING EXPOSURE TO A TEMPERATURE OF 140*F. FOR 2 HOURS WITHOUT BLOCKING, SAID TOUGHENED PROTEINACEOUS FISH BAIT HAVING A RELATIVELY WATER INSOLUBLE EXTERIOR SURFACE SURROUNDING A RELATIVELY NONCROSS-LINKED GELATINOUS BODY HAVING A SUBSTANTIALLY HIGHER SOLUBILITY IN WATER THAN SAID EXTERIOR SURFACE.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
183 words
THE PROCESS FOR PREPARING NONHOMOGENEOUS FISH BAIT COMPRISING: PREPARING AN ADMIXTURE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A GELFORMING PROTEINACEOUS MATERIAL AND WATER AT A TEMPERATURE ABOVE THE SOL-GEL TRANSITION TEMPERATURES THEREOF IN THE ABSENCE OF A TANNING AGENT TO FORM A HOMOGENEOUS LIQUID PROTEINACEOUS MASS; DIVIDING AND SHAPING SAID LIQUID PROTEINACEOUS MASS INTO INDIVIDUAL SHAPED ELEMENTS; COOLING SAID INDIVIDUAL SHAPED ELEMENTS TO A TEMPERATURE BELOW THE SOL-GEL TRANSITION TEMPERATURE TO FORM GELLED SHAPED ELEMENTS; AND FORMING A CROSS-LINKED EXTERIOR SURFACE ON SAID GELLED SHAPED ELEMENTS BY EXPOSING THE EXTERIOR OF SAID GELLED SHAPED ELEMENTS TO A TANNING AGENT CHOSEN FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF FORMALDEHYDE, ALUMINUM ACETATE, AND MIXTURES OF FORMALDEHYDE AND ALUMINUM SULFATE AT A TEMPERATURE BELOW THE BLOCKING TEMPERATURE OF SAID GELLED SHAPED ELEMENTS FOR A TIME SUFFICIENT TO PRODUCE TOUGHENED PROTEINACEOUS FISH BAIT WHEREIN SAID CROSSLINKED EXTERIOR SURFACE IS CAPABLE OF WITHSTANDING EXPOSURE TO A TEMPERATURE OF 140*F. FOR 2 HOURS WITHOUT BLOCKING, SAID TOUGHENED PROTEINACEOUS FISH BAIT HAVING A RELATIVELY WATER INSOLUBLE EXTERIOR SURFACE SURROUNDING A RELATIVELY NONCROSS-LINKED GELATINOUS BODY HAVING A SUBSTANTIALLY HIGHER SOLUBILITY IN WATER THAN SAID EXTERIOR SURFACE.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
47 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said proteinaceous material is chosen from the group consisting of animal glue, fish glue, fish gelatin, partially hydrolyzed fish protein from fish skins, fish connective tissue, vegetable protein, egg albumin, soluble blood albumin, fish eggs, fish egg skeins and fish viscera.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
183 words
The process for preparing nonhomogeneous fish bait comprising: preparing an admixture consisting essentially of a gel-forming proteinaceous material and water at a temperature above the sol-gel transition temperature thereof in the absence of a tanning agent to form a homogeneous liquid proteinaceous mass; dividing and shaping said liquid proteinaceous mass into individual shaped elements; cooling said individual shaped elements to a temperature below the sol-gel transition temperature to form gelled shaped elements; and forming a cross-link exterior surface on said gelled shaped elements by exposing the exterior of said gelled shaped elements to a tanning agent chosen from the group consisting of formaldehyde, aluminum acetate and mixtures of formaldehyde and aluminum sulfate at a temperature in the range of about 32.degree.F. to about 70.degree.F. for a time sufficient to produce toughened proteinaceous fish bait wherein said cross-linked exterior surface is capable of withstanding exposure to a temperature of 140.degree.F. for two hours without blocking, said toughened proteinaceous fish bait having a relatively water insoluble exterior surface surrounding a relatively noncross-linked gelatinous body have a substantially higher solubility in water than said exterior surface.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
183 words
The process for preparing nonhomogeneous fish bait comprising: preparing an admixture consisting essentially of a gel-forming proteinaceous material and water at a temperature above the sol-gel transition temperature thereof in the absence of a tanning agent to form a homogeneous liquid proteinaceous mass; dividing and shaping said liquid proteinaceous mass into individual shaped elements; cooling said individual shaped elements to a temperature below the sol-gel transition temperature to form gelled shaped elements; and forming a cross-link exterior surface on said gelled shaped elements by exposing the exterior of said gelled shaped elements to a tanning agent chosen from the group consisting of formaldehyde, aluminum acetate and mixtures of formaldehyde and aluminum sulfate at a temperature in the range of about 32.degree.F. to about 70.degree.F. for a time sufficient to produce toughened proteinaceous fish bait wherein said cross-linked exterior surface is capable of withstanding exposure to a temperature of 140.degree.F. for two hours without blocking, said toughened proteinaceous fish bait having a relatively water insoluble exterior surface surrounding a relatively noncross-linked gelatinous body have a substantially higher solubility in water than said exterior surface.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 3 wherein a humectant is added to the mixture of gel-forming proteinaceous matter and water.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 3 and the further step of exposing said toughened proteinaceous fish bait to an aqueous environment whereby said shape is increased in size due to infusion of water by osmosis across said exterior surface.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said individual shaped elements are formed by dropping discrete portions of said proteinaceous mass into a liquid maintained at a temperature below said sol-gel temperature, said liquid having a density less than that of said liquid proteinaceous mass.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said discrete portions are deposited from a nozzle held motionless while said discrete portions are formed and dropped to said liquid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said discrete portions are dropped into said liquid so that sufficient distance is maintained between said discrete portions to prevent collisions therebetween prior to cooling below said sol-gel transition temperature.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said homogeneous liquid proteinaceous mass contains waste sodium chloride brine from the natural salmon egg processing industry including therein dissolved and suspended quantities of salmon egg oil and other salmon egg constituents.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said liquid proteinaceous mass contains milt.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said liquid proteinaceous mass contains pulverized fish offal.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
47 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said proteinaceous material is chosen from the group consisting of animal glue, fish glue, fish gelatin, partially hydrolyzed fish protein from fish skins, fish connective tissue, vegetable protein, egg albumin, soluble blood albumin, fish eggs, fish egg skeins and fish viscera.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said proteinaceous material is animal glue having a gel strength of from about 85 to about 512 grams as measured by the Bloom Gelometer.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
127 words
A fish bait comprising a nonhomogeneous formed shape of relatively noncross-linked, homogeneous water soluble proteinaceous matter having a sol-gel transition temperature of less than 140.degree.F. surrounded by a cross-linked exterior surface formed by exposure of individual shaped elements consisting essentially of a homogeneous admixture of a gel-forming proteinaceous material and water to a tanning agent chosen from the group consisting of formaldehyde, aluminum acetate, and mixtures of formaldehyde and aluminum sulfate at a temperature below the blocking temperature of said water-soluble proteinaceous matter to cross-link the protein in the exterior of said shaped elements whereby said fish bait has an exterior surface having a lower solubility than said relatively noncross-linked water-soluble proteinaceous matter and is capable of withstanding exposure to a temperature of about 140.degree.F. without blocking.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
127 words
A fish bait comprising a nonhomogeneous formed shape of relatively noncross-linked, homogeneous water soluble proteinaceous matter having a sol-gel transition temperature of less than 140.degree.F. surrounded by a cross-linked exterior surface formed by exposure of individual shaped elements consisting essentially of a homogeneous admixture of a gel-forming proteinaceous material and water to a tanning agent chosen from the group consisting of formaldehyde, aluminum acetate, and mixtures of formaldehyde and aluminum sulfate at a temperature below the blocking temperature of said water-soluble proteinaceous matter to cross-link the protein in the exterior of said shaped elements whereby said fish bait has an exterior surface having a lower solubility than said relatively noncross-linked water-soluble proteinaceous matter and is capable of withstanding exposure to a temperature of about 140.degree.F. without blocking.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
129 words
A fish bait comprising a nonhomogeneous formed shape of relatively noncross-linked, homogeneous water soluble proteinaceous matter having a sol-gel transition temperature of less than 140.degree.F. surrounded by a cross-linked exterior surface formed by exposure of individual shaped elements consisting essentially of a homogeneous admixture of a gel-forming proteinaceous material and water to a tanning agent chosen from the group consisting of formaldehyde, aluminum acetate and mixtures of formaldehyde and aluminum sulfate at a temperature in the range of from about 32.degree.F. to about 70.degree.F. to cross-link the protein in the exterior of said shaped elements whereby said fish bait has an exterior surface having a lower solubility than said relatively noncross-linked water soluble proteinaceous matter and is capable of withstanding exposure to a temperature of about 140.degree.F. without blocking.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
129 words
A fish bait comprising a nonhomogeneous formed shape of relatively noncross-linked, homogeneous water soluble proteinaceous matter having a sol-gel transition temperature of less than 140.degree.F. surrounded by a cross-linked exterior surface formed by exposure of individual shaped elements consisting essentially of a homogeneous admixture of a gel-forming proteinaceous material and water to a tanning agent chosen from the group consisting of formaldehyde, aluminum acetate and mixtures of formaldehyde and aluminum sulfate at a temperature in the range of from about 32.degree.F. to about 70.degree.F. to cross-link the protein in the exterior of said shaped elements whereby said fish bait has an exterior surface having a lower solubility than said relatively noncross-linked water soluble proteinaceous matter and is capable of withstanding exposure to a temperature of about 140.degree.F. without blocking.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The fish bait of claim 15 wherein said proteinaceous matter includes milt.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
16 words
The fish bait of claim 15 having a pH in the range of 3 to 10.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The fish bait of claim 15 having a pH in the range of 5.5 to 6.5.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fish bait of claim 15 wherein said proteinaceous matter includes pulverized fish eggs.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
48 words
The fish bait of claim 15 wherein said proteinaceous matter is chosen from the group consisting of animal glue, fish glue, fish gelatin, partially hydrolyzed fish protein from fish skins, fish connective tissue, vegetable protein, egg albumen, soluble blood albumen, fish eggs, fish egg skeins, and fish viscera.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
33 words
The fish bait of claim 15 wherein said gelled proteinaceous matter contains a humectant chosen from the group consisting of water-protein mixture miscible glycols which are derivatives of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
38 words
The fish bait of claim 15 wherein said gel-forming proteinaceous material contains waste sodium chloride brine from the natural salmon egg processing industry including therein dissolved and suspended quantities of salmon egg oil and other salmon egg constituents.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
The fish bait of claim 15 wherein said proteinaceous matter is animal glue having a gel strength of from about 85 to about 512 grams as measured by the Bloom Gelometer.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-04-07 | 1978-10-07 | 1979-04-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-04-07 | 1982-10-07 | 1983-04-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-04-07 | 1986-10-07 | 1987-04-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |