US3872225A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process of viral diagnosis and reagent
Assignee: United States Department of Health and Human Services
•
Filing: 1972-07-12
•
Granted: 1975-03-18
•
Expires: 1992-07-12
Abstract
Abstract The invention makes possible the diagnosis of the presence of viral moieties, specifically one possible viral moiety, Australia antigen Au(1) and antibody to it (anti-Au(1)) which are associated with hepatitis, in human sera, by radioactively labeling the Au(1) moiety, as an indicator, with a radioactive element, preferably radioactive iodine, and most desirably 125I. By incubating anti-Au(1) antibody with the radioactively labeled Au(1), a portion of the reactants may form a complex. The degree to which a complex is formed as a function of the reactants can be determined by separation between complexed and non-complexed radioactivity. Separation, when by precipitation, can be enhanced and therefore preferably accomplished in the presence of antihuman gamma-globulin of another species and ammonium sulphate (approximately 25 percent final saturation), followed by centrifugation. If antibody is present in the sample of serum to be tested, it will react and form a complex with the 125I-labeled Au(1) added. The complex of 125I-labeled Au(1) with antibody under the appropriate conditions can be separated from any 125Ilabeled Au(1) which is not reacted and complexed with antibody. After separation the radioactivity of either or each portion so separated can be measured. In testing for Au(1) antigen it is best to preincubate a standardized anti-Au(1) antibody and an appropriate amount of unknown. To this is added a standard amount of 125I-labeled Au(1) and further incubated. After separation, when accomplished by precipitation, the amount of radioactivity in the precipitate will depend upon the composition of the unknown sample. The radioactive labeling of the viral moiety Au(1) with radioactive iodine is preferably accomplished by first oxidizing the Au(1) with chloramine-T in the presence of radioactive iodine and then terminating the oxidation reaction by adding sodium meta-bisulphite.
Inventors
- 👤 John A Coller
- 👤 Irving Millman
- 👤 Baruch S Blumberg
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 07:09
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/576; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/804; Y10S436/82
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 39
Claim 1
Independent Claim
55 words
A PROCESS OF DETERMINING THE PRESENCE OF HUMAN ANTIAU(1) ANTIBODY TO AUSTRALIA ANTIGEN AU(1) IN HUMAN SERUM, WHICH COMPRISES INCUBATING RADIOACTIVELY LABELED AUSTRALIA ANTIGEN AU(1) AND AN UNKNOWN SAMPLE OF HUMAN SERUM TO FORM ANTIBODY-BOUND LABELED ANTIBEN IF THE UNKNOWN SAMPLE OF HUMAN SERUM CONTAINS HUMAN ANTI-AU(1) ANTIBODY, ADDING HETEROLOGOUS ANTI-HUMAN GAMMA GLOBULIN, THEN CENTRIFUGING
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
55 words
A PROCESS OF DETERMINING THE PRESENCE OF HUMAN ANTIAU(1) ANTIBODY TO AUSTRALIA ANTIGEN AU(1) IN HUMAN SERUM, WHICH COMPRISES INCUBATING RADIOACTIVELY LABELED AUSTRALIA ANTIGEN AU(1) AND AN UNKNOWN SAMPLE OF HUMAN SERUM TO FORM ANTIBODY-BOUND LABELED ANTIBEN IF THE UNKNOWN SAMPLE OF HUMAN SERUM CONTAINS HUMAN ANTI-AU(1) ANTIBODY, ADDING HETEROLOGOUS ANTI-HUMAN GAMMA GLOBULIN, THEN CENTRIFUGING
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1, which comprises also adding ammonium sulphate before centrifuging.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 2, in which the anti-human gamma globulin is rabbit anti-human gamma globulin.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process of claim 3, in which the concentration of ammonium sulphate at the time of precipitation is about 25 percent saturation.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process of claim 4, in which the Australia antigen Au(1) is labeled with radioactive iodine.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process of claim 5, which comprises labeling the Australia antigen Au(1) by reacting it with chloramine-T in the presence of radioactive iodine and then reacting it with sodium meta-bisulphite.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
91 words
A process of determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) in human serum, which comprises incubating a predetermined amount of anti-Au(1) antibody, an unknown sample of human serum, and radioactively labeled Australia antigen Au(1) to form antibody-bound labeled antigen whose radioactivity depends upon the composition of the unknown sample, adding heterologous anti-human gamma globulin, then centrifuging to precipitate the radioactive complex and thus getting separation between the antibody-bound labeled antigen and unbound materials and measuring the radioactivity of at least one of the materials mentioned above as separated from each other.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
91 words
A process of determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) in human serum, which comprises incubating a predetermined amount of anti-Au(1) antibody, an unknown sample of human serum, and radioactively labeled Australia antigen Au(1) to form antibody-bound labeled antigen whose radioactivity depends upon the composition of the unknown sample, adding heterologous anti-human gamma globulin, then centrifuging to precipitate the radioactive complex and thus getting separation between the antibody-bound labeled antigen and unbound materials and measuring the radioactivity of at least one of the materials mentioned above as separated from each other.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 7, which comprises also adding ammonium sulphate before centrifuging.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 8, in which the anti-human gamma globulin is rabbit anti-human gamma globulin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process of claim 9, in which the concentration of ammonium sulphate at the time of precipitation is about 25 percent saturation.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process of claim 7, in which the Australia antigen Au(1) is radioactively labeled with radioactive iodine.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process of claim 11, which comprises labeling the Australia antigen Au(1) by reacting it in the presence of radioactive iodine with chloramine-T and then reacting it with sodium meta-bisulphite.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
69 words
A process of determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) in human serum, which comprises incubating a mixture of standardized anti-Au(1) antibody and an unknown sample of human serum, adding radioactive Australia antigen Au(1) to the mixture, further incubating to form a complex whose radioactivity will depend upon the composition of the unknown sample, adding heterologous anti-human gamma globulin, then centrifuging to precipitate the complex and measuring its radioactivity.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
69 words
A process of determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) in human serum, which comprises incubating a mixture of standardized anti-Au(1) antibody and an unknown sample of human serum, adding radioactive Australia antigen Au(1) to the mixture, further incubating to form a complex whose radioactivity will depend upon the composition of the unknown sample, adding heterologous anti-human gamma globulin, then centrifuging to precipitate the complex and measuring its radioactivity.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 13, which comprises also adding ammonium sulphate before centrifuging.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 14, in which the anti-human gamma globulin is rabbit anti-human gamma globulin.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process of claim 15, in which the concentration of ammonium sulphate is about 25 percent of saturation.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process of claim 16, in which the Australia antigen Au(1) is labeled with radioactive iodine.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process of claim 17, which comprises lAbeling the Australia antigen Au(1) by reacting it in the presence of radioactive iodine with chloramine-T and then reacting it with sodium meta-bisulphite.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
64 words
A process for detecting Australia antigen Au(1), which comprises depositing on an antibody-attaching surface an antibody which will adhere to the surface and incubating it in contact with the surface, introducing an unknown sample and incubating it, removing the liquid portion, introducing and incubating a radioactively labeled antigen, removing any excess of unreacted radioactive component, and measuring the radioactivity that adheres to the surface.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
64 words
A process for detecting Australia antigen Au(1), which comprises depositing on an antibody-attaching surface an antibody which will adhere to the surface and incubating it in contact with the surface, introducing an unknown sample and incubating it, removing the liquid portion, introducing and incubating a radioactively labeled antigen, removing any excess of unreacted radioactive component, and measuring the radioactivity that adheres to the surface.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
32 words
A test reagent for determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) or anti-Au(1) antibody in human sera, which essentially consists of Australia antigen Au(1), a viral moiety, conjugated with a radioactive element.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
32 words
A test reagent for determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) or anti-Au(1) antibody in human sera, which essentially consists of Australia antigen Au(1), a viral moiety, conjugated with a radioactive element.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
31 words
A test reagent for determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) or anti-Au(1) antibody in human sera, which essentially consists of Australia antigen Au(1), a viral moiety conjugated with radioactive iodine.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
A test reagent for determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) or anti-Au(1) antibody in human sera, which essentially consists of Australia antigen Au(1), a viral moiety conjugated with radioactive iodine.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
30 words
A test reagent for determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) or anti Au(1) antibody in human sera, which essentially consists of anti Au(1) antibody conjugated with a radioactive element.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
30 words
A test reagent for determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) or anti Au(1) antibody in human sera, which essentially consists of anti Au(1) antibody conjugated with a radioactive element.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
29 words
A test reagent for determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) or anti Au(1) antibody in human sera, which essentially consists of anti Au(1) antibody conjugated with radioactive iodine.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
29 words
A test reagent for determining the presence of Australia antigen Au(1) or anti Au(1) antibody in human sera, which essentially consists of anti Au(1) antibody conjugated with radioactive iodine.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of making material for use in testing for Australia antigen Au(1) or anti Au(1) antibody which comprises taking purified Australia antigen Au(1) and labeling it with radioactive material.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of making material for use in testing for Australia antigen Au(1) or anti Au(1) antibody which comprises taking purified Australia antigen Au(1) and labeling it with radioactive material.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 24, in which the radioactive material is radioactive iodine.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 25, in which the radioactive iodine is 125I.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
76 words
The process of making material for use in testing for Australia antigen Au(1) or anti Au(1) antibody which comprises purifying anti Au(1) antibody by binding purified Australia antigen Au(1) to a solid surface, adding an antiserum containing anti-Au(1) antibody as part thereof, allowing this antibody to react with Australia antigen Au(1) which has adhered to the surface, and dissociating the antibody from the antigen by acid buffer wash, and labeling the anti-Au(1) antibody with radioactive material.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
76 words
The process of making material for use in testing for Australia antigen Au(1) or anti Au(1) antibody which comprises purifying anti Au(1) antibody by binding purified Australia antigen Au(1) to a solid surface, adding an antiserum containing anti-Au(1) antibody as part thereof, allowing this antibody to react with Australia antigen Au(1) which has adhered to the surface, and dissociating the antibody from the antigen by acid buffer wash, and labeling the anti-Au(1) antibody with radioactive material.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 27, in which the radioactive material is radioactive iodine.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 28, in which the radioactive iodine is 125I.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-03-17 | 1978-09-16 | 1979-03-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-03-17 | 1982-09-16 | 1983-03-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-03-17 | 1986-09-16 | 1987-03-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |