US3872024A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Encapsulation process by simple coacervation using inorganic polymers
Assignee: NCR Voyix Corp
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Filing: 1970-05-27
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Granted: 1975-03-18
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Expires: 1990-05-27
Abstract
Abstract A process is disclosed for liquid-liquid phase separation utilizing certain inorganic polymeric materials as phaseseparation-inducing materials. The disclosed process is conducted in an aqueous liquid manufacturing vehicle and the material which emerges as a liquid phase is an aqueous solution comprising organic hydrophilic polymeric material. The liquid-liquid phase separation of this disclosure is of the type generally named ''''simple'''' coacervation wherein a major portion of the organic hydrophilic polymeric material is included in the separated, emergent, liquid phase and the phase-separation-inducing material is substantially evenly distributed, as to concentration, between the separated phase and the manufacturing vehicle. Preferred materials for use in practicing the present invention include gelatin as the organic hydrophilic polymeric material and polysilicates and polyphosphates as the inorganic polymeric phase-separation-inducing materials. The liquid-liquid phase separation of the present invention is useful for, among other things, manufacturing, en masse, minute capsules having the organic and inorganic hydrophilic polymeric material as capsule wall material.
Inventors
- 👤 Georg Horger
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 12:50
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/06; B01J13/08; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24942; Y10T428/2495; Y10T428/24967; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2984; Y10T428/2989
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 4
Claim 1
Independent Claim
178 words
IN A PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING MINUTE CAPSULES, EN MASSE, IN AN AQUEOUS LIQUID CAPSULE MANUFACTURING VEHICLE COMPRISING THE STEP OF ESTABLISHING AN AGITATING THREE-PHASE AQUEOUS LIQUID CAPSULE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM WHEREIN I. A MAJOR PROPORTION OF THE SYSTEM COMPRISES A CONTINUOUS PHASE OF AQUEOUS LIQUID, II. A MINOR PROPORTION OF THE SYSTEM IS A DISCONTINUOUS PHASE OF MINUTE MOBILE PARTICLES OF INTENDED CAPSULE CORE ENTITIES AND, III. A MINOR PROPORTION OF THE SYSTEM IS A DISCONTINUOUS PHASE OF LIQUID GLOBULES OF CAPSULE WALL MATERIAL, THE CAPSULE CORE ENTITIES BEING WETTABLE BY THE CAPSULE WALL MATERIAL, THE THREE PHASES BEING SUBSTANTIALLY MUTUALLY IMMISCIBLE, AND THE LIQUID GLOBULES OF CAPSULE WALL MATERIAL BEING PRESENT IN SUFFICIENT VOLUME TO WET AND ENWRAP THE CAPSULE CORE ENTITIES AND COMPRISING TWO HYDROPHILIC POLYMERIC MATERIALS THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES EFFECTING ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PHASE INCLUDING CAPSULE WALL MATERIAL BY SIMPLE COACERVATION OF POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) CONCENTRATED IN THE CAPSULE-WALL-MATERIAL-CONTAINING LIQUID PHASE USING, AS PHASE-SEPARATION-INDUCING MATERIAL, AN INORGANIC POLYMERIC MATERIAL WHEREIN THE INORGANIC POLYMERIC MATERIAL IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF POLYPHOSPHATES, POLYSILICATES, POLYMOLYBDATES, AND POLYTUNGSTATES.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
178 words
IN A PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING MINUTE CAPSULES, EN MASSE, IN AN AQUEOUS LIQUID CAPSULE MANUFACTURING VEHICLE COMPRISING THE STEP OF ESTABLISHING AN AGITATING THREE-PHASE AQUEOUS LIQUID CAPSULE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM WHEREIN I. A MAJOR PROPORTION OF THE SYSTEM COMPRISES A CONTINUOUS PHASE OF AQUEOUS LIQUID, II. A MINOR PROPORTION OF THE SYSTEM IS A DISCONTINUOUS PHASE OF MINUTE MOBILE PARTICLES OF INTENDED CAPSULE CORE ENTITIES AND, III. A MINOR PROPORTION OF THE SYSTEM IS A DISCONTINUOUS PHASE OF LIQUID GLOBULES OF CAPSULE WALL MATERIAL, THE CAPSULE CORE ENTITIES BEING WETTABLE BY THE CAPSULE WALL MATERIAL, THE THREE PHASES BEING SUBSTANTIALLY MUTUALLY IMMISCIBLE, AND THE LIQUID GLOBULES OF CAPSULE WALL MATERIAL BEING PRESENT IN SUFFICIENT VOLUME TO WET AND ENWRAP THE CAPSULE CORE ENTITIES AND COMPRISING TWO HYDROPHILIC POLYMERIC MATERIALS THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES EFFECTING ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PHASE INCLUDING CAPSULE WALL MATERIAL BY SIMPLE COACERVATION OF POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) CONCENTRATED IN THE CAPSULE-WALL-MATERIAL-CONTAINING LIQUID PHASE USING, AS PHASE-SEPARATION-INDUCING MATERIAL, AN INORGANIC POLYMERIC MATERIAL WHEREIN THE INORGANIC POLYMERIC MATERIAL IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF POLYPHOSPHATES, POLYSILICATES, POLYMOLYBDATES, AND POLYTUNGSTATES.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
115 words
In a process for manufacturing minute capsules, en masse, including a simple coacervate of hydrophilic polymeric materials comprising the steps of: dissolving at least two hydrophilic polymeric materials in an aqueous manufacturing vehicle and adjusting conditions in the vehicle to yield an emergent liquid phase including a major portion of one of the hydrophilic polymeric materials the improvement which comprises utilizing an inorganic polymeric material as one hydrophilic polymeric material and utilizing poly(vinyl alcohol) as the remaining hydrophilic polymeric material;--said inorganic polymeric material being selected from the group consisting of polyphosphates, polysilicates, polymolybdates, and polytungstates and being present in substantially equal concentration in the emergent liquid phase and in the phase from which emergence occurred.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
115 words
In a process for manufacturing minute capsules, en masse, including a simple coacervate of hydrophilic polymeric materials comprising the steps of: dissolving at least two hydrophilic polymeric materials in an aqueous manufacturing vehicle and adjusting conditions in the vehicle to yield an emergent liquid phase including a major portion of one of the hydrophilic polymeric materials the improvement which comprises utilizing an inorganic polymeric material as one hydrophilic polymeric material and utilizing poly(vinyl alcohol) as the remaining hydrophilic polymeric material;--said inorganic polymeric material being selected from the group consisting of polyphosphates, polysilicates, polymolybdates, and polytungstates and being present in substantially equal concentration in the emergent liquid phase and in the phase from which emergence occurred.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-03-17 | 1978-09-16 | 1979-03-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-03-17 | 1982-09-16 | 1983-03-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-03-17 | 1986-09-16 | 1987-03-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |