US3871852A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of making glass-ceramic matrix using closed tubes
Assignee: OI Glass Inc
•
Filing: 1972-05-05
•
Granted: 1975-03-18
•
Expires: 1992-05-05
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed is an assembly or matrix comprising an arrangement of integrally fused tubes forming a series of nonporous, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough. The matrix is of a low-expansion ceramic material and the passageways therethrough have thin walls; a high proportion of the cross-sectional or frontal area of the matrix is free open area. Also disclosed are methods for making such a matrix from glass tubes that are thermally crystallizable; one method involves longitudinally bundling the tubes with their ends sealed and heating the assembly to soften, expand and fuse the tubes in a heat treatment schedule that also nucleates and thermally crystallizes the matrix to the final ceramic product. Another embodiment involves superimposing a plurality of layers of tubes, one layer above the other in successive parallel planes, with the tubes in each plane being essentially parallel to each other and transverse to the tubes in adjacent layers. The matrix of tubes, each with its ends sealed, is heated to soften, expand and fuse the tubes. The sealed ends are opened and a plurality of such matrices are assembled into an annular structure, each matrix being separated from adjacent matrices by a wedge-shaped member.
Inventors
- 👤 Yu K Pei
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 05:22
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D39/00; B01D39/14; B01D39/20; B01D39/2003; B01D39/2017; C; C03; C03B; C03B23/00; C03B23/20; C03B23/207; C03B32/00; C03B32/02; C03C; C03C10/00; C03C10/0018; C03C10/0027; C03C10/0036; C03C10/0045; F; F16; F16L; F16L9/00; F16L9/10; F28; F28D; F28D19/00; F28D19/04; F28D19/041; F28D19/042; F28F; F28F1/00; F28F1/10; F28F21/00; F28F21/04; F28F7/00; F28F7/02; B01J; B01J35/00; B01J35/50; B01J35/56; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S65/00; Y10S65/09
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 115
Claim 1
Independent Claim
69 words
TIGHTLY PACKING TOGETHER A MULTIPLICITY OF ELONGATED TUBES MADE OF A GLASS THAT IS THERMALLY CRYSTALLIZABLE TO A LOW EXPANSION GLASS-CERAMIC HAVING A COEFFICIENT OF LINEAL THERMAL EXPANSION OF ABOUT -12 TO +12 X 10+**7/*C. OVER THE RANGE BEFORE STATED, EACH OF THE TUBES BEING SEALED AT EACH END AND CONTAINING AN EXPANSIBLE, FLUID MEDIUM, EACH OF SAID TUBES BEING ESSENTIALLY PARALLEL TO THE OTHER TUBES IN THE PACK,
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
69 words
TIGHTLY PACKING TOGETHER A MULTIPLICITY OF ELONGATED TUBES MADE OF A GLASS THAT IS THERMALLY CRYSTALLIZABLE TO A LOW EXPANSION GLASS-CERAMIC HAVING A COEFFICIENT OF LINEAL THERMAL EXPANSION OF ABOUT -12 TO +12 X 10+**7/*C. OVER THE RANGE BEFORE STATED, EACH OF THE TUBES BEING SEALED AT EACH END AND CONTAINING AN EXPANSIBLE, FLUID MEDIUM, EACH OF SAID TUBES BEING ESSENTIALLY PARALLEL TO THE OTHER TUBES IN THE PACK,
Claim 3
Independent Claim
54 words
A METHOD FOR MAKING A GLASS-CERAMIC MATRIX COMPRISING AN ASSEMBLY OF INTEGRALLY FUSED TUBES FORMING A SERIES OF SMOOTH, LONGITUDINAL PARALLEL PASSAGEWAYS THERETHROUGH, WHEREIN THE WALLS DEFINING SAID PASSAGEWAYS HAVE ESSENTIALLY ZERO PROOSITY AND AN AVERAGE COEFFICIENT OF LINEAL THERMAL EXPANSION OF ABOUT -12 TO +12 X 10**-7/*C. OVER THE RANGE 0*-300*C., WHICH COMPRISES
Claim 4
Independent Claim
54 words
A METHOD FOR MAKING A GLASS-CERAMIC MATRIX COMPRISING AN ASSEMBLY OF INTEGRALLY FUSED TUBES FORMING A SERIES OF SMOOTH, LONGITUDINAL PARALLEL PASSAGEWAYS THERETHROUGH, WHEREIN THE WALLS DEFINING SAID PASSAGEWAYS HAVE ESSENTIALLY ZERO PROOSITY AND AN AVERAGE COEFFICIENT OF LINEAL THERMAL EXPANSION OF ABOUT -12 TO +12 X 10**-7/*C. OVER THE RANGE 0*-300*C., WHICH COMPRISES
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
SAID TUBES HAVING A MAXIMUM INNER DIAMETER OF 0.1 INCH, A WALL THICKNESS OF ABOUT 0.015 INCH TO ABOUT 0.001 INCH AND AN INNER DIAMETER TO WALL THICKNESS RATIO OF AT LEAST 6,
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
SAID TUBES HAVING A MAXIMUM INNER DIAMETER OF 0.1 INCH, A WALL THICKNESS OF ABOUT 0.015 INCH TO ABOUT 0.001 INCH AND AN INNER DIAMETER TO WALL THICKNESS RATIO OF AT LEAST 6,
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
63 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein said tubes are tightly packed within an inorganic crystalline oxide ceramic rim and are constrained from outward movement by said rim, the tubes adjacent said rim fusion-bonding to said rim during said heat treatment steps, said rim having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially the same as that of said expanded and fused glass-ceramic tubes.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
33 words
said tubes having a maximum inner diameter of 0.1 inch, a wall thickness of about 0.015 inch to about 0.001 inch and an inner diameter to wall thickness ratio of at least 6,
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
said tubes having a maximum inner diameter of 0.1 inch, a wall thickness of about 0.015 inch to about 0.001 inch and an inner diameter to wall thickness ratio of at least 6,
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
said tubes having a maximum inner diameter of 0.1 inch, a wall thickness of about 0.015 inch to about 0.001 inch and an inner diameter to wall thickness ratio of at least 6,
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
33 words
said tubes having a maximum inner diameter of 0.1 inch, a wall thickness of about 0.015 inch to about 0.001 inch and an inner diameter to wall thickness ratio of at least 6,
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
said tubes having a ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness of at least 6,
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
20 words
constraining the outer periphery of said tightly packed tubes against outward movement in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal passageways,
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
61 words
The method as defined in claim 2 wherein said tubes are tightly packed about an inorganic crystalline oxide ceramic hub disposed centrally of said packed tubes, the tubes adjacent to said hub fusion-bonding to said hub during said heat treatment steps, said hub having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially the same as that of said expanded and fused glass-ceramic tubes.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
20 words
CONSTRAINING THE OUTER PERIPHERY OF SAID TIGHTLY PACKED TUBES AGAINST OUTWARD MOVEMENT IN A DIRECTION PERPENDICULAR TO SAID LONGITUDINAL PASSAGEWAYS,
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
20 words
CONSTRAINING THE OUTER PERIPHERY OF SAID TIGHTLY PACKED TUBES AGAINST OUTWARD MOVEMENT IN A DIRECTION PERPENDICULAR TO SAID LONGITUDINAL PASSAGEWAYS,
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
74 words
SUBJECTING SAID CONSTRAINED TIGHTLY PACKED TUBES TO A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENT TO SOFTEN SAID TUBES AND THUS TO CAUSE SAID FLUID MEDIUM ENTRAPPED THEREIN TO URGE THE SAID TUBES INTO TIGHT CONTACT WITH ADJACENT TUBES, THEREBY TO AID IN THE FUSION OF SUCH TUBES, SAID TEMPERATURE BEING IN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE OF 50* TO 250*F. ABOVE THE ANNEALING POINT OF SAID GLASS, IN WHICH TEMPERATURE RANGE SAID GLASS NUCLEATES DURING SAID EXPANSION AND FUSION, AND
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
74 words
SUBJECTING SAID CONSTRAINED TIGHTLY PACKED TUBES TO A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENT TO SOFTEN SAID TUBES AND THUS TO CAUSE SAID FLUID MEDIUM ENTRAPPED THEREIN TO URGE THE SAID TUBES INTO TIGHT CONTACT WITH ADJACENT TUBES, THEREBY TO AID IN THE FUSION OF SUCH TUBES, SAID TEMPERATURE BEING IN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE OF 50* TO 250*F. ABOVE THE ANNEALING POINT OF SAID GLASS, IN WHICH TEMPERATURE RANGE SAID GLASS NUCLEATES DURING SAID EXPANSION AND FUSION, AND
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
75 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250* F. above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusioN, and
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
75 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250* F. above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusioN, and
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
74 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250*F above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion, and
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
74 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250*F above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion, and
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
159 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250* F. above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion, and 5.thereafter further heating said tubes at a rate of at least 50* F. per hour to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 and at least 200* F. above the annealing point temperature of the original glass, and heat treating the matrix of tubes and thus effecting further expansion and crystallization, and continuing such heating until a sealed glass-ceramic matrix having a linear expansion coefficient in the range from -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C. over the range 0*-300* C. is obtained.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
159 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250* F. above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion, and 5.thereafter further heating said tubes at a rate of at least 50* F. per hour to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 and at least 200* F. above the annealing point temperature of the original glass, and heat treating the matrix of tubes and thus effecting further expansion and crystallization, and continuing such heating until a sealed glass-ceramic matrix having a linear expansion coefficient in the range from -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C. over the range 0*-300* C. is obtained.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
74 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250* F. above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion,
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
74 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250* F. above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion,
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
75 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250* F. above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion, and
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
75 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250* F. above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion, and
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
75 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250* F. above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion, and
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
75 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250* F. above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion, and
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
73 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250*F above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion,
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
73 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of such tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250*F above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion,
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
74 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of said tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250*F above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion, and
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
74 words
subjecting said constrained tightly packed tubes to a temperature sufficient to soften said tubes and thus to cause said fluid medium entrapped therein to urge the said tubes into tight contact with adjacent tubes, thereby to aid in the fusion of said tubes, said temperature being in the temperature range of 50* to 250*F above the annealing point of said glass, in which temperature range said glass nucleates during said expansion and fusion, and
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
64 words
The method as defined in claim 3 wherein said thermally crystallizable glass tubes have a wall thickness sufficient to permit substantially complete expansion of said glass tubes by the fluid medium therein during the aforementioned heat treatment step, said expanded tubes being substantially hexagonal in cross-section and substantially all of the interstices between said tubes being occupied by the expanded portions of the tubes.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness is at least 7.2.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
72 words
thereafter further heating said tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 and at least 200*F above the annealing point temperature of the original glass, and heat treating the matrix of tubes and thus effecting further expansion and crystallization, and continuing such heating until a sealed glass-ceramic matrix having a linear expansion coefficient in the range from -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C over the range 0*-300*C is obtained.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
72 words
thereafter further heating said tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 and at least 200*F above the annealing point temperature of the original glass, and heat treating the matrix of tubes and thus effecting further expansion and crystallization, and continuing such heating until a sealed glass-ceramic matrix having a linear expansion coefficient in the range from -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C over the range 0*-300*C is obtained.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
59 words
thereafter further heating said matrix of fused tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step (4) but in the range 200* to 500* above the annealing point temperature of the original glass, and thereby heat treating the matrix of tubes in said temperature range and thus effecting further expansison and crystallization to a low coefficient of expansion,
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
59 words
thereafter further heating said matrix of fused tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step (4) but in the range 200* to 500* above the annealing point temperature of the original glass, and thereby heat treating the matrix of tubes in said temperature range and thus effecting further expansison and crystallization to a low coefficient of expansion,
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
83 words
thereafter further heating said tubes at a rate of at least 50* F. per hour to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 and at least 200* F. above the annealing point temperature of the original glass and heat treating the matrix of tubes and thus effecting further expansion and crystallization, and continuing such heating until a sealed glass-ceramic matrix having a linear expansion coefficient in the range from -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C. over the range 0*-300*C. is obtained.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
83 words
thereafter further heating said tubes at a rate of at least 50* F. per hour to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 and at least 200* F. above the annealing point temperature of the original glass and heat treating the matrix of tubes and thus effecting further expansion and crystallization, and continuing such heating until a sealed glass-ceramic matrix having a linear expansion coefficient in the range from -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C. over the range 0*-300*C. is obtained.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
32 words
thereafter further heating said tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 in the range from 200* to 500* F. above the annealing point of the original glass, and
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
32 words
thereafter further heating said tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 in the range from 200* to 500* F. above the annealing point of the original glass, and
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
59 words
thereafter further heating said matrix of fused tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step (4) but in the range 200* to 500* above the annealing point temperature of the original glass, and thereby heat treating the matrix of tubes in said temperature range and thus effecting further expansion and crystallization to a low coefficient of expansion,
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
59 words
thereafter further heating said matrix of fused tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step (4) but in the range 200* to 500* above the annealing point temperature of the original glass, and thereby heat treating the matrix of tubes in said temperature range and thus effecting further expansion and crystallization to a low coefficient of expansion,
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
31 words
thereafter further heating said tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 in the range from 200* to 500*F above the annealing point of the original glass, and
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
31 words
thereafter further heating said tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 in the range from 200* to 500*F above the annealing point of the original glass, and
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
32 words
thereafter further heating said tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 in the range from 200* to 500* F. above the annealing point of the original glass, and
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
32 words
thereafter further heating said tubes to a higher temperature than the temperature in step 4 in the range from 200* to 500* F. above the annealing point of the original glass, and
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
31 words
THEREAFTER FURGHER HEATING SAID TUBES TO A HIGHER TEMPERATURE THAN THE TEMPERATURE IN STEP 4 IN THE RANGE FROM 200* TO 500*F. ABOVE THE ANNEALING POINT OF THE ORIGINAL GLASS, AND
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
31 words
THEREAFTER FURGHER HEATING SAID TUBES TO A HIGHER TEMPERATURE THAN THE TEMPERATURE IN STEP 4 IN THE RANGE FROM 200* TO 500*F. ABOVE THE ANNEALING POINT OF THE ORIGINAL GLASS, AND
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
30 words
finally heating said fused matrix in a temperature range of from 1800* to 2300* F. and thereby completing crystallization thereof to a glass-ceramic having an expansion in the range aforementioned.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
30 words
finally heating said fused matrix in a temperature range of from 1800* to 2300* F. and thereby completing crystallization thereof to a glass-ceramic having an expansion in the range aforementioned.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
29 words
FINALLY HEATING SAID FUSED MATRIX IN A TEMPERATURE RANGE OF FROM 1800* TO 2300*F. AND THEREBY COMPLETING CRYSTALLIZATION THEREOF TO A GLASS-CERAMIC HAVING AN EXPANSION IN THE RANGE AFOREMENTIONED.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
29 words
FINALLY HEATING SAID FUSED MATRIX IN A TEMPERATURE RANGE OF FROM 1800* TO 2300*F. AND THEREBY COMPLETING CRYSTALLIZATION THEREOF TO A GLASS-CERAMIC HAVING AN EXPANSION IN THE RANGE AFOREMENTIONED.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
29 words
finally heating said fused matrix in a temperature range of from 1800* to 2300*F and thereby completing crystallization thereof to a glass-ceramic having an expansion in the range aforementioned.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
29 words
finally heating said fused matrix in a temperature range of from 1800* to 2300*F and thereby completing crystallization thereof to a glass-ceramic having an expansion in the range aforementioned.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
14 words
cooling the matrix and opening the ends of the tubes to the atmosphere, and
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
14 words
cooling the matrix and opening the ends of the tubes to the atmosphere, and
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
30 words
finally heating said Fused matrix in a temperature range of from 1800* to 2300* F. and thereby completing crystallization thereof to a glass-ceramic having an expansion in the range aforementioned.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
30 words
finally heating said Fused matrix in a temperature range of from 1800* to 2300* F. and thereby completing crystallization thereof to a glass-ceramic having an expansion in the range aforementioned.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
14 words
cooling the matrix and opening the ends of the tubes to the atmosphere, and
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
14 words
cooling the matrix and opening the ends of the tubes to the atmosphere, and
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
54 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the assembly of integrally fused tubes is partially crystallized to a low expansion in the heat treatment step before step (6) and then cooled and the sealed ends of the tubes opened, before reheating and effecting the heating and finalcrystallization step (6) recited in said claim 1.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
52 words
thereafter reheating the opened matrix of tubes to a higher temperature range than that in step (5) and continuing such heating in such higher temperature range until a fused glass-ceramic matrix having a linear expansion coefficient in the range from -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C over the range 0*-300*C is obtained.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
52 words
thereafter reheating the opened matrix of tubes to a higher temperature range than that in step (5) and continuing such heating in such higher temperature range until a fused glass-ceramic matrix having a linear expansion coefficient in the range from -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C over the range 0*-300*C is obtained.
Claim 94
Independent Claim
55 words
A method for making a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C., over the range 0*-300*C., which comprises
Claim 95
Independent Claim
55 words
A method for making a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C., over the range 0*-300*C., which comprises
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
53 words
thereafter reheating the opened matrix of tubes to a higher temperature range that that in step (5) and continuing such heating in suCh higher temperature range until a fused glass-ceramic matrix having a linear expansion coefficient in the range from -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C. over the range 0*-300* C. is obtained.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
53 words
thereafter reheating the opened matrix of tubes to a higher temperature range that that in step (5) and continuing such heating in suCh higher temperature range until a fused glass-ceramic matrix having a linear expansion coefficient in the range from -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C. over the range 0*-300* C. is obtained.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method for making a matrix as defined in claim 7 including the step of opening the sealed ends of the tubes in said assembly of fused tubes after said tubes have expanded and prior to continuing with the next heat treatment step.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
54 words
The process according to claim 7 wherein the assembly of integrally fused tubes is partially crystallized to a low expansion in the heat treatment step before step (6) and then cooled and the sealed ends of the tubes opened, before reheating and effecting the heating and final crystallization step (6) recited in claim 7.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
64 words
The method as defined in claim 7 wherein said thermally crystallizable glass tubes have a wall thickness sufficient to permit substantially complete expansion of said glass tubes by the fluid medium therein during the aforementioned heat treatment step, said expanded tubes being substantially hexagonal in cross-section and substantially all of the interstices between said tubes being occupied by the expanded portions of the tubes.
Claim 101
Independent Claim
55 words
A method for making a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C., over the range 0*-300*C., which comprises
Claim 102
Independent Claim
55 words
A method for making a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C., over the range 0*-300*C., which comprises
Claim 103
Independent Claim
55 words
A method for making a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C., over the range 0*-300*C., which comprises
Claim 104
Independent Claim
55 words
A method for making a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C., over the range 0*-300*C., which comprises
Claim 105
Independent Claim
56 words
A method for making a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C., over the range 0 -3000*C., which comprises
Claim 106
Independent Claim
56 words
A method for making a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C., over the range 0 -3000*C., which comprises
Claim 107
Independent Claim
58 words
A method for making a regenerator comprising a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C over the range 0*-300*C, which comprises
Claim 108
Independent Claim
58 words
A method for making a regenerator comprising a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C over the range 0*-300*C, which comprises
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method for making a regenerator as defined in claim 14 including the step of opening the sealed ends of the tubes in said assembly of fused tubes after said tubes have expanded and prior to continuing with the next heat treatment step.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
53 words
The process according to claim 14 wherein assembly of integrally fused tubes is partially crystallized to a low expansion in the heat treatment step before step (6) and then cooled and the sealed ends of the tubes opened, before reheating and effecting the heating and final crystallization step (6) recited in claim 14.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process according to claim 14 wherein said glass tubes have a maximum inner diameter of 0.1 inch, and a wall thickness of about 0.015 inch to about 0.001 inch.
Claim 112
Independent Claim
59 words
A method for making a regenerator comprising a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C, over the range of 0*-300*C, which comprises
Claim 113
Independent Claim
59 words
A method for making a regenerator comprising a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C, over the range of 0*-300*C, which comprises
Claim 114
Independent Claim
56 words
A method for making a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C over the range of 0*-300*C, which comprises
Claim 115
Independent Claim
56 words
A method for making a glass-ceramic matrix comprising an assembly of integrally fused tubes forming a series of smooth, longitudinal parallel passageways therethrough, wherein the walls defining said passageways have essentially zero porosity and an average coefficient of lineal thermal expansion of about -12 to +12 X 10 7/*C over the range of 0*-300*C, which comprises
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-03-17 | 1978-09-16 | 1979-03-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-03-17 | 1982-09-16 | 1983-03-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-03-17 | 1986-09-16 | 1987-03-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |