Resinous reaction product of a sucrose partial ester, a cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydride and a diepoxide

Claim 2

AN OIL-MODIFIED SUCROSE RESIN WHICH IS THE REACTION PRODUCT AT REACTION TEMPERATURES BELOW THOSE AT WHICH SUBSTANTIAL CHARRING OR DECOMPOSITION OF THE SUCROSE TAKES PLACE OF (A) A SUCROSE PARTIAL ESTER WHEREIN THE ESTER GROUPS ARE DERIVED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF FATTY ACIDS, AROMATIC ACIDS, AND VEGETABLE AND MARINE OIL UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS OF THE DRYING OIL, SEMI-DRYING OIL AND NON-DRYING OIL TYPES, AND MIXTURES THEREOF, (B) AT LEAST ABOUT TWO MOLES OF A CYCLIC DICARBOXYLIC ACID ANHYDRIDE PER MOLE OF SUCROSE PARTIAL ESTER AND (C) ABOUT 0.7 TO ABOUT 3 MOLES OF A DIEPOXIDE PER MOLE OF SUCROSE PARTIAL ESTER.

Claim 3

An oil-modified sucrose resin which is the reaction product at reaction temperatures below those at which substantial charring or decomposition of the sucrose takes place of (a) a sucrose partial ester wherein the ester groups are derived from the class consisting of fatty acids, aromatic acids, and vegetable and marine oil unsaturated fatty acids of the drying oil, semi-drying oil and non-drying oil types, and mixtures thereof, (b) at least about two moles of a cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydride per mole of sucrose partial ester and (c) about 0.7 to about 3 moles of a diepoxide per mole of sucrose partial ester.

Claim 4

An oil-modified sucrose resin which is the reaction product at reaction temperatures below those at which substantial charring or decomposition of the sucrose takes place of (a) a sucrose partial ester wherein the ester groups are derived from the class consisting of fatty acids, aromatic acids, and vegetable and marine oil unsaturated fatty acids of the drying oil, semi-drying oil and non-drying oil types, and mixtures thereof, (b) at least about two moles of a cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydride per mole of sucrose partial ester and (c) about 0.7 to about 3 moles of a diepoxide per mole of sucrose partial ester.

Claim 5

A resin according to claim 1, wherein the sucrose partial ester contained an average of between about 1 and 5 ester group substituents per sucrose unit.

Claim 6

A resin according to claim 1, wherein the sucrose partial ester contained an average of between about 4 and 5 ester group substituents per sucrose unit.

Claim 7

A resin according to claim 1, wherein the ester groups of the sucrose partial ester have been derived from vegetable oil unsaturated fatty acids of the drying oil type.

Claim 8

A resin according to claim 1, wherein the ester groups of the sucrose partial ester have been derived from a vegetable oil unsaturateD fatty acid of the semi-drying oil type.

Claim 9

A resin according to claim 1, wherein the ester groups of sucrose partial ester have been derived from a vegetable oil saturated fatty acid of the non-drying oil type.

Claim 10

A resin according to claim 1, wherein the ester groups of the sucrose partial ester have been derived from dehydrated castor oil.

Claim 11

A resin according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydride is a member selected from the class consisting of dodecenylsuccinic, nonenylsuccinic, soya acid/maleic anhydride adduct, tetrahydrophthalic, maleic, phthalic, and succinic anhydrides.

Claim 12

A resin according to claim 1, wherein a part of the cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride has been replaced by a dimer fatty acid.

Claim 13

A resin according to claim 1, wherein the diepoxide is bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.

Claim 14

A process for the preparation of an oil-modified sucrose resin which comprises reacting at temperatures below those at which substantial charring or decomposition of the sucrose takes place (a) a sucrose partial ester wherein the ester groups are derived from the class consisting of fatty acids, aromatic acids, and vegetable and marine oil unsaturated fatty acids of the drying oil, semi-drying oil and non-drying oil types, and mixtures thereof, (b) at least about two moles of a cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydride per mole of sucrose partial ester and (c) about 0.7 to about 3 moles of a diepoxide per mole of sucrose partial ester.

Claim 15

A process for the preparation of an oil-modified sucrose resin which comprises reacting at temperatures below those at which substantial charring or decomposition of the sucrose takes place (a) a sucrose partial ester wherein the ester groups are derived from the class consisting of fatty acids, aromatic acids, and vegetable and marine oil unsaturated fatty acids of the drying oil, semi-drying oil and non-drying oil types, and mixtures thereof, (b) at least about two moles of a cyclic dicarboxylic acid anhydride per mole of sucrose partial ester and (c) about 0.7 to about 3 moles of a diepoxide per mole of sucrose partial ester.

Claim 16

A process according to claim 11, wherein the ester, anhydride and diepoxide are mixed and heated together.

Claim 17

A process according to claim 11, wherein a mixture of the ester and anhydride are heated together to produce a sucrose dihalf ester intermediate and this intermediate is then heated with the diepoxide to produce the oil-modified sucrose resin.

Claim 18

A process according to claim 11, wherein the reaction is effected at a temperature of from about 20* to 120*C.

Claim 19

A process according to claim 11, wherein the reaction is effected at a temperature of between about 100* and 110*C.

Claim 20

A process according to claim 11, wherein the sucrose partial ester contains an average of between about 1 and 5 ester group substituents per sucrose unit and the reaction is effected at a temperature of at least about 140*C., but below that at which substantial charring occurs.

Claim 21

A process according to claim 11, wherein the reaction is effected in the presence of an alkaline catalyst.

Claim 22

A process according to claim 17, wherein the alkaline catalyst is a soap present as an impurity in the sucrose partial drying oil ester.

Claim 23

A process according to claim 11, wherein the process is effected in a solvent in which at least the sucrose ester and anhydride are soluble.

Claim 24

A process according to claim 11, wherein the ester, anhydride and diepoxide are condensed in the relative molar proportions of about 1 : about 2 : 0.7 to 1.

Claim 25

An oil-modified sucrose resin according to claim 1, in which free hydroxyl groups in the resin have been esterified with a cyclic anhydride to provide additional carboxyl groups and which are made water-dispersible by conversion of carboxyl groups in the resin to salt groups.

Claim 26

A water-dispersible resin according to claim 21, wherein the carboxyl groups have been reacted with ammonia or a tertiary amine.

Claim 27

A coating composition containing a solvent, an oil-modified sucrose resin according to claim 1, and a drying additive.

Claim 28

A coating composition containing a solvent, a water dispersible resin according to claim 21, and a drying additive.

Claim 29

A resin according to claim 1 wherein the reaction temperature is about 20* to about 140*C.

Claim 30

A process according to claim 11 wherein the temperature is about 20* to about 140*C.

Claim 31

A coating composition according to claim 23 further including a pigment or filler.