US3870426A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of protecting pavement from corrosive salts and an impermeable pavement membrane and pavement overlay for use in said method
Assignee: Johns Manville Corp
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Filing: 1973-09-10
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Granted: 1975-03-11
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Expires: 1993-09-10
Abstract
Abstract Salts used on highways and bridges to melt snow and ice combine with the melted snow or ice to form corrosive solutions which attack the pavement and the steel reinforcement therein causing severe deterioration. A method has been discovered for sealing the top surface of pavements to prevent the penetration of such corrosive salts thus eliminating the problem of deterioration. The method utilizes an impermeable membrane comprising asbestos fibers, asphalt and relatively fine aggregate. This membrane may be in the form of preformed sheets or it may be laid down on the site as a hot mix using conventional paving machines. An asphalt concrete wearing course is applied over the membrane and the heat from said wearing course and the rolling compaction of the wearing course cooperate in rendering the membrane impermeable. The method requires a minimum effort in preparing the pavement for the sealing membrane, requires a minimum of time to complete and thus a minimum in traffic delay and offers a further advantage in that the membrane itself can be driven on temporarily to relieve traffic congestion prior to the application of the wearing course. This method has proven especially advantageous in protecting portland cement concrete pavements in bridge decks from deterioration.
Inventors
- 👤 John Howard Kietzman
- 👤 Mario Peter Tocci
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 08:48
CPC Classifications
E; E01; E01C; E01C7/00; E01C7/08; E01C7/18; E01C7/26; E01C7/262; E01C7/32; E01C7/325; E01D; E01D19/00; E01D19/08; E01D19/083
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
152 words
An impermeable pavement overlay for protecting an underlying pavement from deterioration, said pavement overlay comprising: an impermeable membrane layer comprising about 4 to about 10 weight percent asbestos fibers, about 12 to about 20 weight percent asphalt, and about 70 to about 84 weight percent fine aggregate, the asbestos and asphalt being present in amounts to produce an asbestos fiber/asphalt ratio in the range of about 0.3 to about 0.5, said fine aggregate having a gradation such that at least about 70% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 10 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen and at least about 10% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 200 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen, said membrane having a thickness of from about one-sixteenth inch to about 1 inch; and an asphalt concrete wearing course bonded to said impermeable membrane to provide a wearing layer for said membrane.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
152 words
An impermeable pavement overlay for protecting an underlying pavement from deterioration, said pavement overlay comprising: an impermeable membrane layer comprising about 4 to about 10 weight percent asbestos fibers, about 12 to about 20 weight percent asphalt, and about 70 to about 84 weight percent fine aggregate, the asbestos and asphalt being present in amounts to produce an asbestos fiber/asphalt ratio in the range of about 0.3 to about 0.5, said fine aggregate having a gradation such that at least about 70% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 10 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen and at least about 10% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 200 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen, said membrane having a thickness of from about one-sixteenth inch to about 1 inch; and an asphalt concrete wearing course bonded to said impermeable membrane to provide a wearing layer for said membrane.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The pavement overlay as claimed in claim 1 wherein said aggregate is a mineral aggregate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
76 words
The pavement overlay as claimed in claim 2 wherein said asphalt has a penetration of from about 40 to about 100, said asbestos fibers comprise chrysotile asbestos fibers of Q.A.M.A. Group 5 to Group 7, and wherein said aggregate is graded such that about 80% to about 95% is capable of passing a No. 10 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen and about 10% to about 16% is capable of passing a No. 200 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The pavement overlay as claimed in claim 3 wherein said membrane layer comprises the following components, in approximate weight percentages:
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
75 words
The pavement overlay as claimed in claim 4 wherein said asphalt has a penetration of about 60 to about 70, wherein said asbestos fibers are Q.A.M.A. Group 7 asbestos fibers, wherein said asbestos fiber/asphalt ratio is in range of about 0.35 to about 0.45, wherein said mineral aggregate comprises about 40 to about 60% crushed stone screenings and about 60 to about 40% natural sand, and wherein said mineral aggregate has the following approximate gradation:
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The pavement overlay as claimed in claim 5 wherein said asphalt concrete wearing course has a thickness of about 1 to about 2 inches.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pavement overlay as claimed in claim 1 wherein said underlying pavement comprises portland cement concrete.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pavement overlay as claimed in claim 1 wherein said underlying pavement comprises a bridge deck.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
169 words
An impermeable pavement covering membrane for protecting an underlying pavement from deterioration comprising a layer having a composition comprising about 4 to about 10 weight percent asbestos fibers, about 12 to about 20 weight percent asphalt and about 70 to about 84 weight percent fine aggregate, the asbestos and asphalt present in amounts to produce an asbestos fiber/asphalt ratio in the range of about 0.3 to about 0.5, said aggregate having a gradation such that at least about 70% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 10 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen and at least about 10% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 200 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen, said layer having a thickness of from about one-sixteenth inch to about 1 inch, said membrane being capable of covering a pavement surface to provide an impermeable barrier for said pavement surface to protect the same from deterioration, said membrane further being capable of being provided with an overlying asphalt concrete wearing course.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
169 words
An impermeable pavement covering membrane for protecting an underlying pavement from deterioration comprising a layer having a composition comprising about 4 to about 10 weight percent asbestos fibers, about 12 to about 20 weight percent asphalt and about 70 to about 84 weight percent fine aggregate, the asbestos and asphalt present in amounts to produce an asbestos fiber/asphalt ratio in the range of about 0.3 to about 0.5, said aggregate having a gradation such that at least about 70% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 10 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen and at least about 10% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 200 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen, said layer having a thickness of from about one-sixteenth inch to about 1 inch, said membrane being capable of covering a pavement surface to provide an impermeable barrier for said pavement surface to protect the same from deterioration, said membrane further being capable of being provided with an overlying asphalt concrete wearing course.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The membrane as claimed in claim 9 wherein said aggregate is a mineral aggregate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
53 words
The membrane as claimed in claim 10 wherein said asphalt has a penetration of from about 40 to about 100, said asbestos fibers comprise short chrysotile asbestos fibers and said aggregate comprises mineral aggregate, at least about 80% of said mineral aggregate being capable of passing a No. 10 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
74 words
The membrane as claimed in claim 11 wherein said mineral aggregate is graded such that about 80 to about 95% is capable of passing a No. 10 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen and about 10% to about 16% is capable of passing a No. 200 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen, wherein said asbestos fibers are Q.A.M.A. Group 5 to Group 7 fibers, and wherein said asphalt has a penetration of from about 60 to about 85.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
44 words
The membrane as claimed in claim 12 wherein said asbestos fiber/asphalt ratio is in the range of about 0.35 to about 0.45, wherein said mineral aggregate comprises angular and round shaped particles and wherein said composition comprises the following components, in approximate weight percentages:
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
The membrane as claimed in claim 13 wherein the thickness is at least one-eighth inch and said mineral aggregate has the following appproximate gradation:
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
40 words
The membrane as claimed in claim 14 wherein said asphalt has a penetration of about 60 to about 70, wherein said asbestos fibers are Q.A.M.A. Group 7 fibers and wherein said mineral aggregate comprises crushed stone screenings and natural sand.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
28 words
The membrane as claimed in claim 15 wherein said mineral aggregate comprises about 40 to about 60% crushed stone screenings and about 60 to about 40% natural sand.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
183 words
A method of protecting a pavement from deterioration comprising: applying to said pavement a membrane layer comprising about 4 to about 10 weight percent asbestos fibers, about 12 to about 20 weight percent asphalt and about 70 to about 84 weight percent of fine aggregate, said asbestos and said asphalt present in amounts to produce an asbestos fiber/asphalt ratio in the range of about 0.3 to about 0.5, said aggregate having a gradation such that at least about 70% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 10 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen and at least about 10% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 200 U.S. Standard Sieve screen; applying a layer of asphalt concrete wearing course over said membrane as a hot mix having a thickness and a temperature sufficient to heat said membrane layer to a temperature sufficiently high that upon compaction of the wearing course the membrane layer is rendered impermeable; and applying a compaction force to said asphalt concrete wearing course, whereby said membrane layer is compacted and rendered impermeable to water.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
183 words
A method of protecting a pavement from deterioration comprising: applying to said pavement a membrane layer comprising about 4 to about 10 weight percent asbestos fibers, about 12 to about 20 weight percent asphalt and about 70 to about 84 weight percent of fine aggregate, said asbestos and said asphalt present in amounts to produce an asbestos fiber/asphalt ratio in the range of about 0.3 to about 0.5, said aggregate having a gradation such that at least about 70% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 10 U.S. Standard Sieve Screen and at least about 10% by weight of said aggregate is capable of passing a No. 200 U.S. Standard Sieve screen; applying a layer of asphalt concrete wearing course over said membrane as a hot mix having a thickness and a temperature sufficient to heat said membrane layer to a temperature sufficiently high that upon compaction of the wearing course the membrane layer is rendered impermeable; and applying a compaction force to said asphalt concrete wearing course, whereby said membrane layer is compacted and rendered impermeable to water.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
183 words
A METHOD OF PROTECTING A PAVEMENT FROM DETERIORATION COMPRISING: APPLYING TO SAID PAVEMENT A MEMBRANE LAYER COMPRISING ABOUT 4 TO ABOUT 10 WEIGHT PERCENT ASBESTOS FIBERS, ABOUT 12 TO ABOUT 20 WEIGHT PERCENT ASPHALT AND ABOUT 70 TO ABOUT 84 WEIGHT PERCENT OF FINE AGGREGATE, SAID ASBESTOS AND SAID ASPHALT PRESENT IN AMOUNTS TO PRODUCE AN ASBESTOS FIBER/ASPHALT RATIO IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0.3 TO ABOUT 0.5, SAID AGGREGATE HAVING A GRADATION SUCH THAT AT LEAST ABOUT 70% BY WEIGHT OF SAID AGGREGATE IS CAPABLE OF PASSING A NO. 10 U.S. STANDARD SIEVE SCREEN AND AT LEAST ABOUT 10% BY WEIGHT OF SAID AGGREGATE IS CAPABLE OF PASSING A NO. 200 U.S. STANDARD SIEVE SCREEN, APPLYING A LAYER OF ASPHALT CONCRETE WEARING COURSE OVER SAID MEMBRANE AS A HOT MIX HAVING A THICKNESS AND A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENT TO HEAT SAID MEMBRANE LAYER TO A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENTLY HIGH THAT UPON COMPACTION OF THE WEARING COURSE THE MEMBRANE LAYER IS RENDERED IMPERMEABLE, AND APPLYING A COMPACTION FORCE TO SAID ASPHALT CONCRETE WEARING COURSE, WHEREBY SAID MEMBRANE LAYER IS COMPACTED AND RENDERED IMPERMEABLE TO WATER.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
183 words
A METHOD OF PROTECTING A PAVEMENT FROM DETERIORATION COMPRISING: APPLYING TO SAID PAVEMENT A MEMBRANE LAYER COMPRISING ABOUT 4 TO ABOUT 10 WEIGHT PERCENT ASBESTOS FIBERS, ABOUT 12 TO ABOUT 20 WEIGHT PERCENT ASPHALT AND ABOUT 70 TO ABOUT 84 WEIGHT PERCENT OF FINE AGGREGATE, SAID ASBESTOS AND SAID ASPHALT PRESENT IN AMOUNTS TO PRODUCE AN ASBESTOS FIBER/ASPHALT RATIO IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0.3 TO ABOUT 0.5, SAID AGGREGATE HAVING A GRADATION SUCH THAT AT LEAST ABOUT 70% BY WEIGHT OF SAID AGGREGATE IS CAPABLE OF PASSING A NO. 10 U.S. STANDARD SIEVE SCREEN AND AT LEAST ABOUT 10% BY WEIGHT OF SAID AGGREGATE IS CAPABLE OF PASSING A NO. 200 U.S. STANDARD SIEVE SCREEN, APPLYING A LAYER OF ASPHALT CONCRETE WEARING COURSE OVER SAID MEMBRANE AS A HOT MIX HAVING A THICKNESS AND A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENT TO HEAT SAID MEMBRANE LAYER TO A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENTLY HIGH THAT UPON COMPACTION OF THE WEARING COURSE THE MEMBRANE LAYER IS RENDERED IMPERMEABLE, AND APPLYING A COMPACTION FORCE TO SAID ASPHALT CONCRETE WEARING COURSE, WHEREBY SAID MEMBRANE LAYER IS COMPACTED AND RENDERED IMPERMEABLE TO WATER.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method as claimed in claim 17 wherein said membrane layer is applied in the form of a hot mix having a mix temperature of at least about 285*F and said asphalt concrete wearing course is applied at a mix temperature of at least about 275*F.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method as claimed in claim 18 wherein said hot mix composition is applied to a depth in the range of about one-eighth inch to about 1 inch.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method as claimed in claim 18 including the additional steps of applying a tack coat to said pavement prior to applying said hot mix composition.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method as claimed in claim 17 wherein said aggregate comprises mineral aggregate, and wherein said asphalt concrete wearing course is applied to a depth of from about 1 inch to about 2 inches.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method as claimed in claim 21 wherein said membrane layer comprises the following components, in approximate weight percentages:
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method as claimed in claim 22 wherein said asphalt has a penetration of about 60 to about 70, wherein said asbestos fibers comprise Q.A.M.A. Group 7 fibers, wherein said asbestos fiber/asphalt ratio is in the range of about 0.35 to about 0.45, and wherein said fine aggregate has the following approximate gradation:
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method as claimed in claim 17 wherein said membrane layer is applied to a portland cement concrete pavement.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method as claimed in claim 17 wherein said membrane layer is applied to a bridge deck.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 23 wherein the fine aggregate contains 10 to 12 percent of particles passing a No. 200 sieve screen.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-03-10 | 1978-09-09 | 1979-03-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-03-10 | 1982-09-09 | 1983-03-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-03-10 | 1986-09-09 | 1987-03-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |