Production of epihalohydrin polymer latex

Claim 2

A PROCESS OF PREPARING A LATEX FROM AN EPIHALOHYDRIN HOMOPOLYMER OR COPOLYMER, SAID HOMOPOLYMER BEING A POLYMER OF AT LEAST ONE EPIHALOHYDRIN SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF EPICHLOROHYDRIN, EPIBROMOHYDRIN, EPIIODOHY DRIN, EPIFLUOROHYDRIN AND MIXTURES THEREOF AND SAID COPOLYMER CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE OF SAID EPHILAHYDRINS AND AT LEAST ONE OTHER EPOXIDE HAVING THE FORMULA

Claim 3

MIXING SAID EPIHALOHYDRIN HOMOPOLYMER OR COPOLYMER AND AT LEAST ONE SOLVENT TO FORM A CEMENT HAVING A VISCOSITY FROM ABOUT 500 CENTIPOISES TO ABOUT 200,000 CENTIPOISES, SAID SOLVENT COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE AROMATIC HYDROCARBON OF THE FORMULA

Claim 4

MIXING SAID EPIHALOHYDRIN HOMOPOLYMER OR COPOLYMER AND AT LEAST ONE SOLVENT TO FORM A CEMENT HAVING A VISCOSITY FROM ABOUT 500 CENTIPOISES TO ABOUT 200,000 CENTIPOISES, SAID SOLVENT COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE AROMATIC HYDROCARBON OF THE FORMULA

Claim 5

REDUCING CEMENT VISCOSITY BY THE ADDITION THERETO OF AT LEAST ONE POLYMER NONSOLVENT, SAID NONSOLVENT BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKANES AND CYCLOALKANES CONTAINING FROM 5 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, ALIPHATIC AND CYCLOALIPHATIC KETONES CONTAINING FROM 3 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, ALIPHATIC AND CYCLOALIPHATIC ETHERS CONTAINING FROM 3 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, ALIPHATIC AND CYCLOALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS CONTAINING FROM 1 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, AND CHLORINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS CONTAINING FROM 1 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, AND WHEREIN ABOUT 2 TO ABOUT 25 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF SAID NONSOLVENT IS USED PER 100 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF TOTAL SOLVENT AND NONSOLVENT, AND FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 30 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF POLYMER IS USED PER 100 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF TOTAL POLYMER, SOLVENT AND NONSOLVENT,

Claim 6

REDUCING CEMENT VISCOSITY BY THE ADDITION THERETO OF AT LEAST ONE POLYMER NONSOLVENT, SAID NONSOLVENT BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKANES AND CYCLOALKANES CONTAINING FROM 5 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, ALIPHATIC AND CYCLOALIPHATIC KETONES CONTAINING FROM 3 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, ALIPHATIC AND CYCLOALIPHATIC ETHERS CONTAINING FROM 3 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, ALIPHATIC AND CYCLOALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS CONTAINING FROM 1 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, AND CHLORINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS CONTAINING FROM 1 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS, AND WHEREIN ABOUT 2 TO ABOUT 25 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF SAID NONSOLVENT IS USED PER 100 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF TOTAL SOLVENT AND NONSOLVENT, AND FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 30 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF POLYMER IS USED PER 100 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF TOTAL POLYMER, SOLVENT AND NONSOLVENT,

Claim 7

reducing cement viscosity by the addition thereto of at least one polymer nonsolvent, said nonsolvent being selected from the group consisting of alkanes and cycloalkanes containing from 5 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic ketones containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic ethers containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic alcohols containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and wherein about 2 to about 25 parts by weight of said nonsolvent is used per 100 parts by weight of total solvent and nonsolvent, and from about 1 to about 30 parts by weight of polymer is used per 100 parts by weight of total polymer, solvent and nonsolvent,

Claim 8

reducing cement viscosity by the addition thereto of at least one polymer nonsolvent, said nonsolvent being selected from the group consisting of alkanes and cycloalkanes containing from 5 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic ketones containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic ethers containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic alcohols containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and wherein about 2 to about 25 parts by weight of said nonsolvent is used per 100 parts by weight of total solvent and nonsolvent, and from about 1 to about 30 parts by weight of polymer is used per 100 parts by weight of total polymer, solvent and nonsolvent,

Claim 9

said cationic thickening agent comprising crosslinked, quaternized polyepihalohydrin polymers prepared by the reaction of (a) a polyepihalohydrin homo- or copolymer (b) from about 0.0005 to about 0.07 mole of an aliphatic, heterocyclic, aromatic, or alicyclic polyamine, and (c) from about 1 mole to about 5 moles of an aliphatic heterocyclic, aromatic or alicyclic tertiary monoamine, said moles of polyamine and tertiary monoamine based upon one mole equivalent of halogen present on the polyepihalohydrin polymer; and

Claim 10

said cationic thickening agent comprising crosslinked, quaternized polyepihalohydrin polymers prepared by the reaction of (a) a polyepihalohydrin homo- or copolymer (b) from about 0.0005 to about 0.07 mole of an aliphatic, heterocyclic, aromatic, or alicyclic polyamine, and (c) from about 1 mole to about 5 moles of an aliphatic heterocyclic, aromatic or alicyclic tertiary monoamine, said moles of polyamine and tertiary monoamine based upon one mole equivalent of halogen present on the polyepihalohydrin polymer; and

Claim 11

A process of claim 1 wherein said R1 radical is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms and at least three R1s are hydrogen, said nonsolvent is selected from the group consisting of alkanes and cycloalkanes containing from 5 to 8 carbon atoms, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic ketones containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic ethers containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic alcohols containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, from about 2 to about 15 parts by weight of said nonsolvent is used per 100 parts by weight of total solvent and nonsolvent, from about 5 to about 20 parts by weight of polymer is used per 100 parts by weight of total polymer, solvent and nonsolvent, said emulsifiers are used in an amount from about 1 to about 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polymer, said final emulsifier solution/polymer weight ratio after inversion is from about 4:1 to about 1:2, from about 20 to about 35 percent by weight of said emulsifier solution is used in said step (3) formation of a water-in-cement emulsion, and from about 65 to about 80 percent by weight of said emulsifier solution is used in said step (4) inversion to a cement-in-water emulsion.

Claim 12

A process of claim 2 wherein said epihalohydrin is epichlorohydrin and said other epoxide is selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.

Claim 13

said nonionic thickening agent is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide and natural gums.

Claim 14

said nonionic thickening agent is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide and natural gums.

Claim 15

forming a water-in-cement emulsion, and

Claim 16

forming a water-in-cement emulsion, and

Claim 17

FORMING A WATER-IN-CEMENT EMULSION, AND

Claim 18

FORMING A WATER-IN-CEMENT EMULSION, AND

Claim 19

INVERTING EMULSION (3) TO A CEMENT-IN-WATER EMULSION, WHEREIN SUITABLE EMULSIFIERS ARE ANIONIC, CATIONIC AND NONIONIC TYPES OR ANY PRACTICAL COMBINATION THEREOF IN AN AMOUNT FROM ABOUT 0.5 TO ABOUT 15 PARTS BY WEIGHT PER 100 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF POLYMER, SUFFICIENT WATER IS USED TO FORM AN EMULSIFIER SOLUTION TO GIVE A FINAL EMULSIFIER SOLUTION/POLYMER WEIGHT RATIO AFTER INVERSION OF FROM ABOUT 10:1 TO ABOUT 1:5, FROM ABOUT 10 PERCENT TO ABOUT 50 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF SAID EMULSIFIER SOLUTION IS USED IN SAID STEP (3) FORMATION OF A WATER-IN-CEMENT EMULSION AND FROM ABOUT 50 TO ABOUT 90 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF SAID EMULSIFIER SOLUTION IS USED IN SAID STEP (4) INVERSION TO A CEMENT-IN-WATER EMULSION, AND

Claim 20

INVERTING EMULSION (3) TO A CEMENT-IN-WATER EMULSION, WHEREIN SUITABLE EMULSIFIERS ARE ANIONIC, CATIONIC AND NONIONIC TYPES OR ANY PRACTICAL COMBINATION THEREOF IN AN AMOUNT FROM ABOUT 0.5 TO ABOUT 15 PARTS BY WEIGHT PER 100 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF POLYMER, SUFFICIENT WATER IS USED TO FORM AN EMULSIFIER SOLUTION TO GIVE A FINAL EMULSIFIER SOLUTION/POLYMER WEIGHT RATIO AFTER INVERSION OF FROM ABOUT 10:1 TO ABOUT 1:5, FROM ABOUT 10 PERCENT TO ABOUT 50 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF SAID EMULSIFIER SOLUTION IS USED IN SAID STEP (3) FORMATION OF A WATER-IN-CEMENT EMULSION AND FROM ABOUT 50 TO ABOUT 90 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF SAID EMULSIFIER SOLUTION IS USED IN SAID STEP (4) INVERSION TO A CEMENT-IN-WATER EMULSION, AND

Claim 21

inverting emulsion (3) to a cement-in-water emulsion, wherein suitable emulsifiers are anionic, cationic and nonionic types or any practical combination thereof in an amount from about 0.5 to about 15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polymer, sufficient water is used to form an emulsifier solution to give a final emulsifier solution/polymer weight ratio after inversion of from about 10:1 to about 1:5, from about 10 percent to about 50 percent by weight of said emulsifier solution is used in said step (3) formation of A water-in-cement emulsion, and from about 50 to about 90 percent by weight of said emulsifier solution is used in said step (4) inversion to a cement-in-water emulsion, and

Claim 22

inverting emulsion (3) to a cement-in-water emulsion, wherein suitable emulsifiers are anionic, cationic and nonionic types or any practical combination thereof in an amount from about 0.5 to about 15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polymer, sufficient water is used to form an emulsifier solution to give a final emulsifier solution/polymer weight ratio after inversion of from about 10:1 to about 1:5, from about 10 percent to about 50 percent by weight of said emulsifier solution is used in said step (3) formation of A water-in-cement emulsion, and from about 50 to about 90 percent by weight of said emulsifier solution is used in said step (4) inversion to a cement-in-water emulsion, and

Claim 23

A process of claim 3 wherein there is used together with said emulsifier from about 0.01 to about 0.5 part of at least one thickening agent per 100 parts of said polymer, said thickening agent being selected from the group consisting of anionic, cationic and nonionic thickening agents,

Claim 24

A process of claim 4 wherein said anionic thickening agent comprises an alkali metal or ammonium salt of a copolymer of (1) from about 90 to about 99.9 percent by weight of a monomeric monoolefinic acrylic acid having the formula

Claim 25

removing said solvent and nonsolvent.

Claim 26

removing said solvent and nonsolvent.

Claim 27

REMOVING SAID SOLVENT AND NONSOLVENT.

Claim 28

REMOVING SAID SOLVENT AND NONSOLVENT.

Claim 29

A process of claim 5 wherein said anionic thickening agent comprises an alkali metal or ammonium salt of a copolymer of (1) from about 96 to about 99.9 percent by weight of acrylic acid and (2) from about 0.1 to about 4 percent by weight of a polyether of a polyol selected from the group consisting of sucrose and pentaerythritol, the hydroxyl groups of said polyol which are modified being etherified with allyl groups, said polyol having at least two allyl ether groups per polyol molecule.

Claim 30

A process of claim 6 wherein said solvent is benzene, said nonsolvent is acetone, said anionic emulsifier is sodium lauryl sulfate, and said anionic thickening comprises an ammonium salt of a copolymer of about 99.5 percent acrylic acid and about 0.5 percent allyl pentaerythritol.