US3865890A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for separating a material from a mixture of mixture which comprises employing a solid water-insoluble, hydrophilic, semi permeable membrane
Assignee: Standard Oil Co
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Filing: 1973-05-30
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Granted: 1975-02-11
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Expires: 1993-05-30
Abstract
Abstract Novel gas separation film membranes are made by grafting alphaolefinic, polymerizable monomers having hydrophilic functional groups and having, e.g., about from 2 to about 12 carbon atoms, to nylon, and forming a film from the resulting copolymers. A complex-forming metal component which is active in the presence of water is provided in the film. The invention also includes the process of separating components from gaseous mixtures using the membranes. Of particular interest is the separation of aliphatically-unsaturated hydrocarbons from mixtures, for example, the separation of ethylene from one or more of ethane, methane and hydrogen.
Inventors
- 👤 Edward F Steigelmann
- 👤 Robert D Hughes
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 22:28
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D67/00; B01D67/0002; B01D67/0009; B01D67/0011; B01D61/00; B01D61/38; B01D71/00; B01D71/06; B01D71/56; B01D71/76; B01D71/78; B01D2323/00; B01D2323/38
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
154 words
IN A METHOD FOR SEPARATING A MATERIAL FROM A MIXTURE WHICH COMPRISES CONTACTING SAID MIXTURE CONTAINING SAID MATERIAL WITH A FIRST SIDE OF AN ESSENTIALLY SOLID, WATER-INSOLUBLE HYDROPHILLIC, SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANT HAVING THEREIN AQUEOUS LIQUID BARRIER HAVING IONS WHICH COMBINE WITH SAID MATERIAL TO FORM A WATER-SOLUBLE COMPLEX, THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF SAID MATERIAL ON A SECOND SIDE OF SAID SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE BEING SUFFICIENTLY LESS THAN THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF SAID MATERIAL IN SAID MIXTURE TO PROVIDE SEPARATED MATERIAL ON SAID SECOND SIDE OF SAID SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE, AND REMOVING SAID SEPARATED MATERIAL FROM THE VICINITY OF SAID SECOND SIDE OF SAID SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE, SAID SEPARATED MATERIAL HAVING A TRANSFER RATE ACROSS SAID LIQUID BARRIER, THAT IS GREATER THAN AT LEAST ONE OTHER COMPONENT OF SAID MIXTURE, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES EMPLOYING AS SAID SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE A SEMI-PERMEABLE GRAFTED COPOLYMER FILM CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF NYLON HAVING GRAFTED THERETO A POLYMER OF AN ALPHA-OLEFINIC, HYDROPHILIC, POLYMERIZABLE MONOMER.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
154 words
IN A METHOD FOR SEPARATING A MATERIAL FROM A MIXTURE WHICH COMPRISES CONTACTING SAID MIXTURE CONTAINING SAID MATERIAL WITH A FIRST SIDE OF AN ESSENTIALLY SOLID, WATER-INSOLUBLE HYDROPHILLIC, SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANT HAVING THEREIN AQUEOUS LIQUID BARRIER HAVING IONS WHICH COMBINE WITH SAID MATERIAL TO FORM A WATER-SOLUBLE COMPLEX, THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF SAID MATERIAL ON A SECOND SIDE OF SAID SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE BEING SUFFICIENTLY LESS THAN THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF SAID MATERIAL IN SAID MIXTURE TO PROVIDE SEPARATED MATERIAL ON SAID SECOND SIDE OF SAID SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE, AND REMOVING SAID SEPARATED MATERIAL FROM THE VICINITY OF SAID SECOND SIDE OF SAID SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE, SAID SEPARATED MATERIAL HAVING A TRANSFER RATE ACROSS SAID LIQUID BARRIER, THAT IS GREATER THAN AT LEAST ONE OTHER COMPONENT OF SAID MIXTURE, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES EMPLOYING AS SAID SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE A SEMI-PERMEABLE GRAFTED COPOLYMER FILM CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF NYLON HAVING GRAFTED THERETO A POLYMER OF AN ALPHA-OLEFINIC, HYDROPHILIC, POLYMERIZABLE MONOMER.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the copolymer is a graft polyvinyl alcohol-nylon.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
160 words
In a method for separating aliphatically-unsaturated hydrocarbon of 2 to 4 carbon atoms which comprises contacting a vaporous mixture containing said aliphatically-unsaturated hydrocarbon with a first side of an essentially solid, water-insoluble, hydrophilic semi-permeable membrane having therein an aqueous liquid barrier, said semi-permeable membrane being permeable to said vaporous mixture in the absence of said aqueous liquid, said liquid barrier having ions which combine with said unsaturated hydrocarbon to form a water-soluble complex, the partial pressure of said unsaturated hydrocarbon on a second side of said semi-permeable membrane being sufficiently less than the partial pressure of said unsaturated hydrocarbon in said vaporous mixture to provide separated unsaturated hydrocarbon on said second side of said semi-permeable membrane, and removing separated unsaturated hydrocarbon from the vicinity of said second side of said semi-permeable membrane, the improvement which comprises employing as said semi-permeable membrane a grafted copolymer film consisting essentially of nylon having grafted thereto a polymer of an alpha-olefinic, hydrophilic, polymerizable monomer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
160 words
In a method for separating aliphatically-unsaturated hydrocarbon of 2 to 4 carbon atoms which comprises contacting a vaporous mixture containing said aliphatically-unsaturated hydrocarbon with a first side of an essentially solid, water-insoluble, hydrophilic semi-permeable membrane having therein an aqueous liquid barrier, said semi-permeable membrane being permeable to said vaporous mixture in the absence of said aqueous liquid, said liquid barrier having ions which combine with said unsaturated hydrocarbon to form a water-soluble complex, the partial pressure of said unsaturated hydrocarbon on a second side of said semi-permeable membrane being sufficiently less than the partial pressure of said unsaturated hydrocarbon in said vaporous mixture to provide separated unsaturated hydrocarbon on said second side of said semi-permeable membrane, and removing separated unsaturated hydrocarbon from the vicinity of said second side of said semi-permeable membrane, the improvement which comprises employing as said semi-permeable membrane a grafted copolymer film consisting essentially of nylon having grafted thereto a polymer of an alpha-olefinic, hydrophilic, polymerizable monomer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 3 wherein said alpha-olefinic, hydrophilic, polymerizable monomer contains from 2 to about 12 carbons atoms and consists essentially of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said monomer is a vinyl monomer and comprises about 40 to 75% by weight of said copolymer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the copolymer is a graft polyvinyl alcohol-nylon.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said ion is noble metal ion.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said noble metal ion is silver ion.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-02-10 | 1978-08-12 | 1979-02-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-02-10 | 1982-08-12 | 1983-02-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-02-10 | 1986-08-12 | 1987-02-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |