Arrangement for an automatic resetting system for microwave antennas

Claim 2

In an automatic direction finding system for resetting microwave antennas when signals are received from a moving transmitter wherein the antenna exciter has a generally doubly polarizable wave-guide cross section and wherein means are provided for detecting and using the higher waveguide modes produced in the azimuth plane and in the elevational plane of the antenna exciter as the deviation information used to reset the antenna; the improvement comprising: a transition section between said antenna exciter cross section and a waveguide with a square cross section; a mode coupler means, which is provided with a microwave network, connected to said waveguide for separating the deviation information in the received signal from the useful signal and producing an output signal containing same; and comparator circuit means connected to the output of said mode coupler and responsive to the output signal therefrom containing the deviation information for processing same to produce the deviation signals necessary to reset the antenna.

Claim 3

An automatic direction finding system for polarized signals as defined in claim 1 wherein said square cross section of said waveguide is oriented relative to the said cross section of said exciter so that the higher wave modes in said exciter are converted to H20 and H02 waves in said waveguide; and wherein said mode coupler means decouples said H20 and H02 waves and produces respective output signals corresponding to the energy components of the H20 and H02 waves at two respective outputs thereof.

Claim 4

An automatic direction finding system as defined in claim 2 wherein said comparator circuit means includes a phase shifter connected to one of said two outputs of said mode coupler means, and a directional coupler means, having two outputs and having one of its two inputs connected to the other of said two outputs of said mode coupler means and the other of its two inputs connected to the output of said phase shifter, for combining the two input signals thereto to provide the resetting voltages for the two perpendicular directions of antenna deviation at its respective outputs.

Claim 5

An automatic direction finding system for polarized waves as defined in claim 2 wherein said comparator circuit means comprises a hybrid circuit having its two inputs connected respectively to said two outputs of said mode coupler means and at whose two outputs two different deviation informations are obtained.

Claim 6

An automatic direction finding system for polarized waves as defined in claim 4 wherein said antenna exciter has a cross-shaped cross section and wherein said hybrid circuit provides the energy component of the H11 wave at one output thereof and the energy components of the H20 and H02 waves at the other output thereof.

Claim 7

An automatic direction finding system for polarized waves as defined in claim 4 wherein said antenna exciter has a circular cross section and wherein said hybrid circuit provides the energy components of the H21 and the H01 waves at its respective outputs.

Claim 8

An automatic direction finding system for polarized waves as defined in claim 6 wherein said compaRator circuit means further includes a phase shifter means having its input connected to one of the outputs of said hybrid circuit for shifting the phase of the input signal thereto so that it is of the opposite phase to the signal at the other output of said hybrid circuit; and a further hybrid circuit having one of its two inputs connected to the output of said phase shifter means and the other of its two inputs and connected to said other output of said hybrid circuit, and at whose two outputs appear respectively the two resetting voltages for the two perpendicular directions of antenna deviation.

Claim 9

An automatic direction finding system for polarized waves as defined in claim 7 wherein said comparator circuit means further includes a variable damping means connected between the said other output of said hybrid circuit and the said other of the two inputs of said further hybrid circuit for providing compensation for small level differences in the connections between the hybrid circuits.

Claim 10

An automatic direction finding system as defined in claim 1 wherein said mode coupler means includes a plurality of coupling elements and wherein said coupling elements are longitudinal bar couplings.

Claim 11

In an automatic direction finding system for resetting microwave antennas when signals are received from a moving transmitter wherein means are provided for detecting and using the higher waveguide modes produced in the azimuth plane and in the elevational plane of the antenna exciter as the deviation information used to resest the antenna; the improvement comprising: a transition section with arbitrary cross section for propagating two orthogonally polarized waves with a following waveguide with a square cross section, in which useful modes of the arbitrary cross section for deviation information are converted into H20 and H02-modes; a mode coupler means, which is provided with a microwave network, connected to said waveguide for separating the deviation information in the received signal from the useful signal and producing an output signal containing same, said mode coupler means includes a plurality of coupling elements with said coupling elements being longitudinal bar couplings, and comparator circuit means connected to the output of said mode coupler and responsive to the output signal therefrom containing the deviation information for processing same to produce the deviation signals necessary to reset the antenna.

Claim 12

In an automatic direction finding system for resetting microwave antennas when signals are received from a moving transmitter wherein means are provided for detecting and using the higher waveguide modes produced in the azimuth plane and in the elevational plane of the antenna exciter as the deviation information used to resest the antenna; the improvement comprising: a transition section with arbitrary cross section for propagating two orthogonally polarized waves with a following waveguide with a square cross section, in which useful modes of the arbitrary cross section for deviation information are converted into H20 and H02-modes; a mode coupler means, which is provided with a microwave network, connected to said waveguide for separating the deviation information in the received signal from the useful signal and producing an output signal containing same, said mode coupler means includes a plurality of coupling elements with said coupling elements being longitudinal bar couplings, and comparator circuit means connected to the output of said mode coupler and responsive to the output signal therefrom containing the deviation information for processing same to produce the deviation signals necessary to reset the antenna.