US3864518A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Signal conversion apparatus
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1973-06-08
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Granted: 1975-02-04
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Expires: 1993-06-08
Abstract
Abstract Identification of complex signals such as a specific phoneme spoken by different speakers is accomplished by analyzing and normalizing the spoken phoneme''s group of frequencies (formants) to a standard group, while maintaining the original harmonicratio information as channel number differences. A set of filters followed by rectifiers, to an electronic switching matrix, shifts the original filter output set through sequential sets of channels until the fundamental frequency at some input channel activates the lowest numbered ouput channel.
Inventors
- 👤 Meguer V Kalfaian
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 06:17
CPC Classifications
G; G10; G10L; G10L15/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 3
Claim 1
Independent Claim
318 words
The system normalizing spectral variations of a group of information-bearing harmonically related frequency peak resonances in a complex sound wave by converting and standardizing the channel-location identities of said resonances, the system comprising a plurality of band-pass filters for separating the resonances of said complex wave in divisions such that the center frequency of said filters are arranged in a monotonically increasing series of frequencies; said series comprising a plurality of sub-series, all sub-series having the same number of channels such that each frequency in a sub-series is harmonically related to the same-placed frequency in the other sub-series; said filters being numbered sequentially for identity from the reference numeral one; a plurality of detectors for derivng detected signals from said band-pass filters, said detectors having numerical identities the same as the associated filters; a signal conversion switching arrangement comprising a plurality of input and output channels numbered sequentially, said switching comprising a plurality of AND-gates numerically identified from a reference numeral; first parallel connections of the first inputs of the corresponding AND-gates to corresponding input channels, second inputs of corresponding ANDgates to corresponding channel-switching control-gate inputs, third parallel connections of the outputs of corresponding ANDgates to corresponding output channels; coupling means from said detectors to corresponding first inputs of AND-gates; means for energizing said parallel-connected seCond inputs sequentially for said signal-switching conversion, all input channels being switched simultaneously to sequentially lower-number channels, until said group of detected signals are admitted to the output channels in an order such that the detected signal having the lowest numerical identity within the input group of signals is switched to the output channel having said reference numeral one, while the other detected signals of the input group are switched to corresponding output channels, such that the information concerning input frequency harmonic ratios is maintained relative to the input fundamental frequency, and thereby having input channels to a normalized group of output channels.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
318 words
The system normalizing spectral variations of a group of information-bearing harmonically related frequency peak resonances in a complex sound wave by converting and standardizing the channel-location identities of said resonances, the system comprising a plurality of band-pass filters for separating the resonances of said complex wave in divisions such that the center frequency of said filters are arranged in a monotonically increasing series of frequencies; said series comprising a plurality of sub-series, all sub-series having the same number of channels such that each frequency in a sub-series is harmonically related to the same-placed frequency in the other sub-series; said filters being numbered sequentially for identity from the reference numeral one; a plurality of detectors for derivng detected signals from said band-pass filters, said detectors having numerical identities the same as the associated filters; a signal conversion switching arrangement comprising a plurality of input and output channels numbered sequentially, said switching comprising a plurality of AND-gates numerically identified from a reference numeral; first parallel connections of the first inputs of the corresponding AND-gates to corresponding input channels, second inputs of corresponding ANDgates to corresponding channel-switching control-gate inputs, third parallel connections of the outputs of corresponding ANDgates to corresponding output channels; coupling means from said detectors to corresponding first inputs of AND-gates; means for energizing said parallel-connected seCond inputs sequentially for said signal-switching conversion, all input channels being switched simultaneously to sequentially lower-number channels, until said group of detected signals are admitted to the output channels in an order such that the detected signal having the lowest numerical identity within the input group of signals is switched to the output channel having said reference numeral one, while the other detected signals of the input group are switched to corresponding output channels, such that the information concerning input frequency harmonic ratios is maintained relative to the input fundamental frequency, and thereby having input channels to a normalized group of output channels.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
189 words
Apparatus in the system as set forth in claim 1, wherein said plurality of AND-gates in each of said channels consist of semiconductor devices, each device having first and second electrodes for forming electrical conductive path therebetween, and a third electrode for controlling the resistance of said conductive path, and said devices are assembled in numerically identified plurality of rows in linear numerical successions from a reference numeral, in each of said rows said devices being identified numerically in linear numerical successions from said reference numeral, and said devices being numerically aligned in the assembly; first parallel connections of the first electrodes of the numerically corresponding devices in said parallel rows, respectively, for forming said first inputs of said channels; second parallel connections of the third electrodes of the numerically identified devices in the numerically succeeding rows with that of the third electrodes of the numerically succeeding devices from the numerically corresponding devices in the numerically preceding rows, respectively, for forming said second inputs of said channels; and third parallel connections of the second electrodes of the numerically identified devices in said rows, respectively, for forming said channel outputs.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-02-03 | 1978-08-05 | 1979-02-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-02-03 | 1982-08-05 | 1983-02-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-02-03 | 1986-08-05 | 1987-02-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |