Safe-handling perchlorate explosives

Claim 2

a combustible compound selected from the group consisting of a primary C1-C5 alkylamine, a secondary C1-C5 alkylamine, a C1-C5 tertiary amine, a single nucleus arylamine, a fused ring arylamine, an arylamine containing two aryl groups joined at a single carbon atom, a cyclic amine, hydrazine, urea, amides of aliphatic carboxylic acids, derivatives of urea, carbamic acid, urethanes, ureides, an alkanolamine, a polyvalent amine, guanidines, a quaternary ammonium compouNd, an ammonium salt of an aliphatic, carboxylic or sulfonic acid, ammonium thiocyanate, ammonium hypophosphite, ammonium thiosulfate, anhydrous sodium acetate, a monosaccharide, an oligosaccharide, a nitrate of amine, a derivative of ammonia and a perchlorate of an amine; d. said composition being such that the ingredients are present in such amount so that the solvent at -20*C contains said explosive salt in dissolved liquid form; e. said composition exploding when detonated.

Claim 3

A composition according to claim 2, wherein said solvent has a boiling point above 190*C.

Claim 4

A composition according to claim 3, wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, butanediols, polyglycols, pentamethylenediamine, and formamide.

Claim 5

An explosive composition according to claim 1 wherein said explosive salt of perchloric acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrazine perchlorate, methyl hydrazine perchlorate, dimethyl hydrazine perchlorate, monomethylamine perchlorate, dimethylamine perchlorate, trimethylamine perchlorate, ethanolamine perchlorate, ethylene diamine diperchlorate, o-nitroanaline perchlorate and pyridine perchlorate.

Claim 6

An explosive composition according to claim 1 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of polyvalent alcohols, amines and amides.

Claim 7

An explosive composition according to claim 6 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, butanediol and a liquid aliphatically derived glycol of molecular weight between 76 and 2000.

Claim 8

An explosive composition consisting essentially of: a. an explosive salt of perchloric acid which is sensitive to impact and shock; b. a liquid solvent of said explosive salt which solvent has a boiling point above 150*C; c. said liquid solvent consisting essentially of:

Claim 9

An explosive composition according to claim 8 wherein said oxygen yielding salt is ammonium nitrate.

Claim 10

A composition according to claim 8 wherein said explosive salt of perchloric acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrazine perchlorate, methyl hydrazine perchlorate, dimethyl hydrazine perchlorate, monomethylamine perchlorate, dimethylamine perchlorate, trimethylamine perchlorate, ethanolamine perchlorate, ethylene diamine diperchlorate, o-nitroanaline perchlorate and pyridine perchlorate.

Claim 11

A composition according to claim 8, wherein the oxygen-yielding salt in said liquid solvent is present in the two component mixture in an amount between 5 and 70 percent by weight.

Claim 12

A composition according to claim 8, wherein said combustible compounds are selected from the group consisting of nitrates of amines, perchlorates of amines and derivatives of ammonia.

Claim 13

A composition according to claim 8, wherein said combustible compounds are selected from the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl and aryl amines, cyclic amines, alkanolamines and polyvalent amines and derivatives of ammonia.

Claim 14

A composition according to claim 8, wherein the combustible compounds are selected from the group consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl amines having from C1-C5 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, aryl amines of a single nucleus, fused ring aryl groups and aryl groups wherein two aryl radicals are joined at single carbon atoms, urethanes, guanidines, quaternary ammonium compounds, alkanolamines having between 2 and 9 carbon atoms in the alkanolamine.

Claim 15

A composition according to claim 8, wherein the combustible compound is selected from the group consisting of methylamine, ethylamine, analine, phenylenediamine, hexamethylenetetramine, ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, tetraethylenepentamine, hydrazine, urea, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium sulfate, tetramethylammonium nitrate, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium sulfate, trimethylphenylammonium sulfate, trimethylphenylammonium chloride, tetrapropylammonium sulfate and diphenyldimethylammonium chloride.

Claim 16

A composition according to claim 8, wherein the combustible compound is selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids and ammonium salts of sulfonic acids.

Claim 17

A composition according to claim 16, wherein the ammonium salt of the aliphatic carboxylic acid is an ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid of an aliphatic group having between 1 and 8 carbon atoms.

Claim 18

A composition according to claim 16, wherein said ammonium salt is selected from the group consisting of ammonium formate, ammonium acetate and ammonium sulfamate.

Claim 19

A composition according to claim 8, wherein the combustible compound is selected from the group consisting of amides of aliphatic carboxylic acids, urea, derivatives of urea and carbamic acid.

Claim 20

A composition according to claim 8, wherein the combustible compound is selected from the group consisting of urethanes and ureides.

Claim 21

A composition according to claim 8, wherein the combustible compound is selected from the group consisting of ammonium thiocyanate, ammonium hypophosphite, ammonium thiosulfate, anhydrous sodium acetate, monosaccharides and oligosaccharides.

Claim 22

A composition according to claim 8, wherein said composition contains a swelling agent present in amount between 0.1 and 10 PERCENT based on the weight of the liquid solvent.

Claim 23

A composition according to claim 8, wherein said composition contains a thickening agent.