Fluidized bed reactor

Claim 2

A fluidized bed reactor for the combustion of waste, which comprises an upright housing, a horizontal construction plate dividing the housing into a wind box chamber below, and a combustion chamber above said constriction plate, said constriction plate being adapted to support a bed of sand, a stack gas connection for the reactor housing, discharging the combustion gases, controllable means for supplying combustion air under pressure to said wind box chamber, effective to maintain said bed of sand in a state of fluidization, a plurality of air jet devices mounted in the reactor wall, and provided with a controllable air pressure supply, said air jet devices being arranged so as to establish rotational turbulence in a zone of combustion adjacent to, and merging with, the top strata of the fluidized bed, and feed means for supplying said waste material to said combustion zone.

Claim 3

The reactor according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber comprises a lower section containing said bed of fluidized sand, an intermediate outwardly widening section, and a cylindrical body portion extending upwardly from the wide end of said intermediate section, and wherein said zone of rotational turbulence is located in said intermediate section.

Claim 4

The reactor according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal axes of said air jet devices are slanted co-directionally so that said axes become tangents of a central circular area substantially concentric with the vertical axis of the reactor.

Claim 5

The reactor according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal axis of said air jet devices are slanted codirectionally so as to constitute with the respective associated radii of the reactor an angle of less than 60*.

Claim 6

The reactor according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal axes of said air jet devices are slanted codirectionally so as to constitute with the respective associated radii of the reactor of an angle of about 30*.

Claim 7

The reactor according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal axes of said air jet devices are slanted codirectionally so that said axes become tangents of a central area substantially concentric with the vertical axis of the reactor, and having a diameter of about half the inside diameter of the reactor in said plane.

Claim 8

The reactor according to claim 1, wherein said feed supply means are mounted in the reactor wall a substantial distance above the bed, and slanted downwardly with air pressure means effective to eject said waste material towards a target area of said bed.

Claim 9

The reactor according to claim 1, wherein said feed supply means are mounted in the roof of the reactor.

Claim 10

The reactor according to claim 1, wherein said feed supply means comprise a pressure-air operated feed injection nozzle mounted in the reactor housing, so as to be directed downwardly towards the bed.

Claim 11

The reactor according to claim 1, wherein said feed supply means comprise a feed injection nozzle mounted in the reactor housing, directed downwardly towards the bed, which nozzle comprises air-pressure actuated means effective to impart to the feed material a spiral twist thereby causing dispersion and spreading of the material over a target area of the bed.

Claim 12

The reactor according to claim 1, wherein said feed supply means comprise a feed injection nozzle mounted in the reactor housing so as to be directed downwardly towards the bed, said nozzle comprising a linear feed conduit for said material, having a tubular feed inlet section and a tubular feed emitting section, and a set of turbine blades rigidly interconnecting said inlet and outlet sections in axially spaced relationship with one another and coaxial therewith, a jacket structure surrounding said feed inlet section as well as said set of turbine blades, and defining an annular air pressure chamber surrounding said tubular feed inlet section as well as said set of fixed turBine blades, primary air pressure means connected to said feed inlet section of the nozzle for conveying said feed material to and through said nozzle, and secondary air pressure supply means connected to said annular air pressure chamber, and effective through said set of stationary turbine blades to impart spiral motion to the material emitted from said feed outset section.

Claim 13

The reactor according to claim 11, wherein said feed emitting section is of divergent configuration effective together with said turbine blades to impart spiral motion to produce a conical spread and dispersion of the feed material.

Claim 14

The reactor according to claim 11, wherein said feed emitting section is of divergent conical configuration and with the addition of a feed duct connected to said tubular feed inlet section of the nozzle, a metering air blower connected to said duct, to provide carrier air for feed material conveyed by said duct, and a metering device for feeding said material into said duct a a point between said blower and said feed injection nozzle, against the air pressure in said duct.

Claim 15

A fluidized bed reactor for the combustion of organic waste material, which comprises an upright housing, an horizontal constriction plate dividing the housing into a wind box chamber below, and a combustion chamber above said constriction plate, said constriction plate adapted to support a bed of sand, said combustion chamber comprising a lower portion containing said bed of fluidized sand, an intermediate outwardly widening section, and a cylindrical body portion extending upwardly from the wide end of said intermediate section, a stack gas connection for the reactor housing, discharging the combustion gases, controllable means for supplying combustion air under pressure to said wind box chamber, effective to maintain said bed of sand in a state of fluidization, a plurality of air jet devices mounted in the reactor wall, and provided with a controllable air pressure supply, said air jet devices being located substantially in an horizontal plane adjacent to the top strata of the fluidized bed, and constructed and arranged so as to maintain a combustion zone of rotational turbulence adjacent to, and merging with said top strata of the fluidized bed, said zone of rotational turbulence being located in said intermediate section. and feed means for supplying said waste material directly into said fluidized bed a substantial distance below the top strata thereof.

Claim 16

A fluidized bed reactor for the combustion of organic waste material, which comprises an upright housing, an horizontal constriction plate dividing the housing into a wind box chamber below, and a combustion chamber above said constriction plate, said constriction plate adapted to support a bed of sand, said combustion chamber comprising a lower portion containing said bed of fluidized sand, an intermediate outwardly widening section, and a cylindrical body portion extending upwardly from the wide end of said intermediate section, a stack gas connection for the reactor housing, discharging the combustion gases, controllable means for supplying combustion air under pressure to said wind box chamber, effective to maintain said bed of sand in a state of fluidization, a plurality of air jet devices mounted in the reactor wall, and provided with a controllable air pressure supply, said air jet devices being located substantially in an horizontal plane adjacent to the top strata of the fluidized bed, and constructed and arranged so as to maintain a combustion zone of rotational turbulence adjacent to, and merging with said top strata of the fluidized bed, said zone of rotational turbulence being located in said intermediate section. and feed means for supplying said waste material directly into said fluidized bed a substantial distance below the top strata thereof.