Process for the production of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons

Claim 2

A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS WHICH COMPRISES THE STEPS OF: A. INTRODUCING A HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCK COMPRISING PETROLEUM RESIDUUM INTO THE CATALYTIC CRACKING ZONE OF A HEAVY OIL CRACKING UNIT IN THE PRESENCE OF FLUIDIZED CRACKING CATALYST AT CRACKING CONDITIONS TO PRODUCE A CATALYTICALLY CRACKED EFFLUENT INCLUDING A CRACKED NAPHTHA FRACTION; B. REGENERATING SAID FLUIDIZED CRACKING CATALYST IN THE REGENERATION ZONE OF THE HEAVY OIL CRACKING UNIT; C. PRODUCING HIGH PRESSURE STEAM IN SAID REGENERATION ZONE BY INDIRECT HEAT EXCHANGE; D. PASSING THE CRACKED NAPHTHA FRACTION TO A THERMAL PYROLYSIS ZONE AND THERMALLY CRACKING SAID FRACTION TO PRODUCE A THERMALLY CRACKED EFFLUENT CONTAINING OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS; E. EXPANDING SAID HIGH PRESSURE STEAN FROM STEP (C) TO PROVIDE AT LEAST PART OF THE GAS COMPRESSION ENERGY REQUIRED FOR RECOVERY OF THE OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS; AND F. RECOVERING OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS.

Claim 3

The process of claim 1 wherein at least a portion of the expanded high pressure steam is mixed with the cracked naphtha fraction fed to the thermal pyrolysis zone.

Claim 4

The process of claim 1 wherein the catalytic cracking zone includes a transfer line reactor and the cracking catalyst is a zeolite catalyst.

Claim 5

The process of claim 1 wherein the olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon contain from two to four carbon atoms.

Claim 6

The process of claim 1 wherein the hydrocarbon feedstock is crude petroleum oil.

Claim 7

The process of claim 1 wherein tHe hydrocarbon feedstock is a pertroleum residue containing fraction.

Claim 8

The process of claim 1 wherein the hydrocarbon feedstock is an atmospheric residuum boiling above about 600*F.

Claim 9

AN INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS AND AROMATIC COMPOUNDS COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: A. INTRODUCING HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCK CONTAINING PETROLEUM RESIDUUM INTO THE CATALYTIC CRACKING ZONE OF A HEAVY OIL CRACKING UNIT IN THE PRESENCE OF FLUIDIZED CRACKING CATALYST AT CRACKING CONDITIONS TO PRODUCE CATALYTICALLY CRACKED EFFLUENT INCLUDING A CRACKED NAPHTHA FRACTION; B. PASSING THE CRACKED NAPHTHA FRACTION TO A THERMAL PRYROLYSIS ZONE AT THERMAL CRACKING CONDITIONS TO PRODUCE A THERMALLY CRACKED EFFLUENT CONTAINING PYROLYSIS OIL, OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS AND AROMATIC COMPOUNDS; C. SEPARTING PYROLYSIS OIL FROM THE THERMALLY CRACKED EFFLUENT; D. PASSING PYROLYSIS OIL TO THE CATALYTIC CRACKING ZONE OF THE HEAVY OIL CRACKING UNIT; AND E. RECOVERING OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS AND AROMATIC COMPOUNDS.

Claim 10

AN INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS AND AROMATIC COMPOUNDS COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: A. INTRODUCING HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCK CONTAINING PETROLEUM RESIDUUM INTO THE CATALYTIC CRACKING ZONE OF A HEAVY OIL CRACKING UNIT IN THE PRESENCE OF FLUIDIZED CRACKING CATALYST AT CRACKING CONDITIONS TO PRODUCE CATALYTICALLY CRACKED EFFLUENT INCLUDING A CRACKED NAPHTHA FRACTION; B. PASSING THE CRACKED NAPHTHA FRACTION TO A THERMAL PRYROLYSIS ZONE AT THERMAL CRACKING CONDITIONS TO PRODUCE A THERMALLY CRACKED EFFLUENT CONTAINING PYROLYSIS OIL, OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS AND AROMATIC COMPOUNDS; C. SEPARTING PYROLYSIS OIL FROM THE THERMALLY CRACKED EFFLUENT; D. PASSING PYROLYSIS OIL TO THE CATALYTIC CRACKING ZONE OF THE HEAVY OIL CRACKING UNIT; AND E. RECOVERING OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS AND AROMATIC COMPOUNDS.

Claim 11

An integrated process for the production of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons comprising the steps of: a. introducing hydrocarbon feedstock containing petroleum residuum into the catalytic cracking zone of a heavy oil cracking unit in the presence of fluidized cracking catalyst to produce a catalytically cracked effluent including a cracked naphtha fraction; b. regenerating said fluidized cracking catalyst in the regeneration zone of a heavy oil cracking unit; c. producing high pressure steam in said regeneration zone by indirect heat exchanage; d. passing the cracked naphtha fraction to a thermal pyrolysis zone to produce a thermally cracked effluent containing olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons; e. cooling thermally cracked effluent in a quench zone; f. producing high pressure steam in the quench zone by indirect heat exchange; g. exapnding high pressure steam from steps (c) and (f) to provide the gas compression energy required for a recovery of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons; and h. recovering olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Claim 12

An integrated process for the production of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons comprising the steps of: a. introducing hydrocarbon feedstock containing petroleum residuum into the catalytic cracking zone of a heavy oil cracking unit in the presence of fluidized cracking catalyst to produce a catalytically cracked effluent including a cracked naphtha fraction; b. regenerating said fluidized cracking catalyst in the regeneration zone of a heavy oil cracking unit; c. producing high pressure steam in said regeneration zone by indirect heat exchanage; d. passing the cracked naphtha fraction to a thermal pyrolysis zone to produce a thermally cracked effluent containing olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons; e. cooling thermally cracked effluent in a quench zone; f. producing high pressure steam in the quench zone by indirect heat exchange; g. exapnding high pressure steam from steps (c) and (f) to provide the gas compression energy required for a recovery of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons; and h. recovering olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Claim 13

The process of claim 9 wherein a portion of the expanded high pressure steam is passed to the thermal pyrolysis zone as diluent.

Claim 14

The rpocess of claim 9 wherein a. flue gas is recovered from the regeneration zone and passed to a carbon monoxide boiler; b. high pressure steam is produced in the carbon monoxide boiler; and c. high pressure steam is recovered as a product of the process.