Patent US6283991B1 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3861877A
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US
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Optical analysis of fluids
Assignee: Clinical Technology Inc
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Filing: 1974-01-21
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Granted: 1975-01-21
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Expires: 1994-01-21
Abstract
Abstract Fluid analysis to determine precipitation, aggregation and agglutination or the like in which samples are taken from the least and most dense portions of a fluid and the two samples are read separately by an optical system and then the readings are processed in accordance with the formula 100(A-B/A+B) X where A is the OD (optical density) of the denser sample, B is the OD of the less dense sample and X is the percentage of OD change due to precipitation, aggregation, agglutination or the like.
Inventors
- 👤 Baldev A Matharani
- 👤 Nathan M Hirsch
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-22 19:52
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N21/00; G01N21/17; G01N21/59; G01N15/00; G01N15/04; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/805
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
87 words
A METHOD FOR MEASURING THE PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN OPTICAL DENSITY OF A LIQUID DUE TO AGGREGATION OF PARTICULAR CONSITIUENTS COMPRISING: A. DETERMINING THE OPTICAL DENSITY OF THE AGGREGATED PORTION OF THE LIQUID; B. DETERMINING THE OPTICAL DENSITY OF THE UNAGGREGATED PORTION OF THE LIQUID; AND, C. COMPUTING THE PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN DENSITY OF THE AGGREGATED PORTION DUE TO AGGREGATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FORMULA A-B/A+B X 100=% DENSITY CHANGE WHERE A IS THE AGGREGATED PORTION AND B IS AN UNAGGREGATED PORTION BOTH MEASURED IN OPTICAL DENSITY UNITS.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
87 words
A METHOD FOR MEASURING THE PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN OPTICAL DENSITY OF A LIQUID DUE TO AGGREGATION OF PARTICULAR CONSITIUENTS COMPRISING: A. DETERMINING THE OPTICAL DENSITY OF THE AGGREGATED PORTION OF THE LIQUID; B. DETERMINING THE OPTICAL DENSITY OF THE UNAGGREGATED PORTION OF THE LIQUID; AND, C. COMPUTING THE PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN DENSITY OF THE AGGREGATED PORTION DUE TO AGGREGATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FORMULA A-B/A+B X 100=% DENSITY CHANGE WHERE A IS THE AGGREGATED PORTION AND B IS AN UNAGGREGATED PORTION BOTH MEASURED IN OPTICAL DENSITY UNITS.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method of measuring according to claim 1 in which the liquid is blood and the aggregation is agglutination.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
62 words
A method for measuring according to claim 1 in which the measuring of the aggregated portion is performed by extracting a sample from gravitationally settled portion of the liquid and examining it in an optical analyzer and measuring of the unaggregated portion is performed by extracting a sample from the supernatant portion of the liquid and examining it in an optical analyzer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
110 words
Apparatus for measuring aggregation of particular constituents in a liquid comprising: a. means to aggregate relatively dense constituents of a liquid; b. means to extract a sample of the aggregated constituents; c. means to extract a sample of the supernatant liquid; c. means to measure the optical density of the aggregate sample and of the supernatant sample; and e. means to produce the optical densities of the two samples in accordance with the formula A-B/A+B where A is the optical density of the aggregated sample and B is the optical density of the supernatant sample whereby a percentage change in concentration of the aggregated sample, due to aggregation, is derived.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
110 words
Apparatus for measuring aggregation of particular constituents in a liquid comprising: a. means to aggregate relatively dense constituents of a liquid; b. means to extract a sample of the aggregated constituents; c. means to extract a sample of the supernatant liquid; c. means to measure the optical density of the aggregate sample and of the supernatant sample; and e. means to produce the optical densities of the two samples in accordance with the formula A-B/A+B where A is the optical density of the aggregated sample and B is the optical density of the supernatant sample whereby a percentage change in concentration of the aggregated sample, due to aggregation, is derived.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
Apparatus for measuring, according to claim 4, in which the means for aggregating the more dense constituents is a container permitting gravitational settling.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
Apparatus for measuring, according to claim 5, in which the aggregated sample and the supernatant sample are extracted from the bottom and top portions of said container respectively.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
115 words
A method for determining the change in concentration of particular colored constituents in a contained liquid due to precipitation, settling, aggregation, agglutination or the like comprising: a. taking a first sample from substantially the bottom of a container of said liquid; b. taking a second sample from substantially the top of said container; c. optically processing both said first sample and said second sample to obtain their optical densities; and, d. arithmetically processing the optical densities so obtained in accordance with the formula 100(A-B/A+B) where A is the optical density of the first sample, B is the optical density of the second sample and the result is the percentage change in concentration of colored constituents.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
115 words
A method for determining the change in concentration of particular colored constituents in a contained liquid due to precipitation, settling, aggregation, agglutination or the like comprising: a. taking a first sample from substantially the bottom of a container of said liquid; b. taking a second sample from substantially the top of said container; c. optically processing both said first sample and said second sample to obtain their optical densities; and, d. arithmetically processing the optical densities so obtained in accordance with the formula 100(A-B/A+B) where A is the optical density of the first sample, B is the optical density of the second sample and the result is the percentage change in concentration of colored constituents.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-01-20 | 1978-07-22 | 1979-01-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-01-20 | 1982-07-22 | 1983-01-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-01-20 | 1986-07-22 | 1987-01-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |