Patent US3547469A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3861402A
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Smokable material and method for preparation of same
Assignee: Sutton Research Corp
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Filing: 1973-10-23
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Granted: 1975-01-21
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Expires: 1993-10-23
Abstract
Abstract The preparation of a smokable material in which a cellulosic material containing a metal salt in the form of the carbonate, oxalate pivalate or glycolate of calcium or magnesium or other alkaline earth metals and mixtures thereof and a metal salt in the form of chloride or sulfate of the metal is subjected to thermal degradation in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature within the range of 270*-500*C for a time sufficient to effect a weight loss within the range of 40-75 percent and which includes modifying the thermally degraded cellulosic material by the addition of a binder in an amount within the range of 0.5-10 percent by weight and materials for strengthening and flexibilizing the cellulosic material prior to degradation, including a starch, sugar and dextrin and mixtures thereof, plus additives to improve color, taste, aroma and moisture retention characteristics.
Inventors
- 👤 Theodore S Briskin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 20:43
CPC Classifications
A; A24; A24B; A24B15/00; A24B15/10; A24B15/16; A24B15/165
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 45
Claim 1
Independent Claim
36 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the cellulosic material has been exposed to the thermal reaction temperature for a time sufficient to effect a weight loss within the range of 50-60 percent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
27 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the compound is selected from the group consisting of the oxalate and carbonate of calcium and magnesium.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 3 in which the carbonate and/or oxalate of the alkaline earth metal is present in an amount within the range of 15-20 percent by weight.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the metal chloride or metal sulfate is present in an amount within the range of 5-25 percent by weight.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the metal chloride or metal sulfate is present in an amount within the range of 8-15 percent by weight.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
31 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the metal chloride and sulfate is selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the flexibilizing and strengthening binder is present in an amount within the range of 1-10 percent by weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the binder is a polyalkylene carbonate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the binder is polyvinylene carbonate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the binder is a cellulose derivative or a free acid thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the cellulosic material subjected to thermal treatment has added thereto a compound selected from the group consisting of starch, sugar and dextrin, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
59 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 12 in which the starch, when present, is present in an amount within the range of 10-15 percent by weight, the sugar, when present, is present within the range of 15-20 percent by weight, and the dextrin, when present, is present in an amount within the range of 20-25 percent by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 which includes a humectant in an amount up to 10 percent by weight.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 14 in which the humectant is a compound selected from the group consisting of glycerol, glycol, and a polyhydric alcohol.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 which includes a coloring agent in combination with the thermally reacted cellulosic material for converting the product to a rich brown color.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 16 in which the coloring agent comprises the reaction product of a calcium ion with triquinonyl.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 which includes an organic amine in an amount sufficient to adjust the pH to at least 8.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
40 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 in which the burning rate of the cellulosic material is controlled by the presence of an alkaline earth metal salt of an anion selected from the group consisting of sulfate and chloride.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
33 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 19 in which the burning rate controlling alkaline earth metal salt is present in an amount within the range of 0.5 to 5 percent by weight.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
35 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 which includes a metal citrate in an amount within the range of 1-10 percent by weight of the smokable material to improve the glow characteristics during burning.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 1 which includes a hydroxy acid or salt thereof to improve the ashing characteristics of the smokable material.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
29 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 22 in which the hydroxy acid is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, citric acid, maleic acid and pivalic acid.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
30 words
A smokable material as claimed in claim 22 in which the ashing ingredient is present in an amount within the range of 1-10 percent by weight of the smokable material.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
139 words
A method for producing a smokable material comprising exposing a cellulosic material loaded with 10-30 percent by weight of a compound selected from the group consisting of the carbonate and oxalate of an alkaline earth metal and 0.5-25 percent by weight of a compound selected from the group consisting of a metal chloride and a metal sulfate, to a temperature within the range of 275*-500*C, for a time sufficient to effect a weight loss within the range of 40-75 percent of the cellulosic material, maintaining non-oxidizing conditions during normal treatment, treating the thermally degraded cellulosic material to incorporate a flexibilizing and strenghtening agent in the form of a binder in an amount within the range of 0.5-10 percent by weight, and then processing the resulting thermally degraded cellulosic material to the form desired for use as a smoking material.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 in which the cellulosic material is subjected to thermal treatment for a time sufficient to effect a weight loss within the range of 50-60 percent.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 in which the alkaline earth metal compound is selected from the group consisting of the carbonate and oxalate of calcium and magnesium and mixtures thereof.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method as claimed in claim 27 in which the alkaline earth metal compound is present in an amount within the range of 15-25 percent by weight of the cellulosic material.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 in which the metal chloride or sulfate is selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as claimed in claim 29 in which the metal chloride or sulfate is present in an amount within the range of 5-25 percent by weight.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as claimed in claim 29 in which the metal chloride or sulfate is present in an amount within the range of 8-15 percent by weight.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 in which the flexibilizing and strengthening agent is present in an amount within the range of 1-10 percent by weight.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 in which the flexibilizing and strengthening agent is a binder selected from the group consisting of a polyalkylene carbonate, a cellulose ethyl or ester, or carboxymethyl cellulose, or a free acid derivative thereof.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 in which the metal sulfate or chloride is incorporated in the cellulosic material by wetting the cellulosic material with a solution or dispersion of the sulfate or chloride in a suitable liquid diluent and then drying the treated product before subjecting the treated cellulosic material to thermal degradation.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 which includes the step of treating the cellulosic material prior to degradation with a solution or dispersion containing a compound selected from the group consisting of starch, sugar, and dextrin, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method as claimed in claim 35 in which the starch is incorporated in an amount within the range of 10-20 percent by weight, the sugar is incorporated in an amount within the range of 15-25 percent by weight, and the dextrin is incorporated in an amount within the range of 20-30 percent by weight.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 which includes the step of washing the thermally degraded cellulosic material With water following the thermal reaction step.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 which includes the step of adding a humectant to the thermally degraded cellulosic material in an amount up to 10 percent by weight.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 which includes the step of adding an amine to the thermally degraded cellulosic material in an amount to raise the pH to at least 8.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 which includes the step of adding a coloring agent to the thermally degraded cellulosic material to impart a brown color thereto.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 which includes the step of mixing a cured natural tobacco with the thermally degraded cellulosic material to form the smokable material.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 which includes the step of adding an alkaline earth metal salt of an anion selected from the group consisting of sulfate and chloride to control the burning rate of the cellulosic material.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method as claimed in claim 42 in which the alkaline earth metal salt for controlling the burning rate is present in an amount within the range of 0.5-5 percent by weight
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 which includes the step of adding to the thermally degraded cellulosic material a metal citrate in an amount within the range of 1-10 percent by weight to improve the glow characteristics during burning of the cellulosic material.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method as claimed in claim 25 which includes the step of adding to the thermally degraded cellulosic material a hydroxy acid or salt thereof in an amount within the range of 1-10 percent by weight of the cellulosic material to improve the ashing characteristics of the smokable material.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method as claimed in claim 45 in which the hydroxy acid is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, citric acid, maleic acid and pivalic acid.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3545448A
Cited
US3640285A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-01-20 | 1978-07-22 | 1979-01-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-01-20 | 1982-07-22 | 1983-01-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-01-20 | 1986-07-22 | 1987-01-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |