US3858433A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Baseline compensator for differential thermal analyzer
Assignee: Unifrax I LLC
•
Filing: 1973-10-12
•
Granted: 1975-01-07
•
Expires: 1993-10-12
Abstract
Abstract Four thermocouples are connected electrically in series in order to measure small differences in temperature between a specimen object and a reference object within a thermally controlled environment. One pair of thermocouples in direct thermal contact with specimen and reference objects, respectively, registers a net difference in temperature between the specimen object and the reference object. The net voltage produced by this first pair of thermocouples is proportional to the difference in temperature between the specimen object and the reference object due to both (1) the evolution or absorption of heat, and (2) the differences in the respective thermal environments. A second pair of thermocouples registers the difference in ambient temperature between locations near the first and second thermocouples. All four thermocouples are then connected in series, so that the differential measured by the second pair of thermocouples, when electrically subtracted fromthe differential measured by the first thermocouples, leaves a temperature differential value which is independent of extraneous temperature differences in the thermally controlled environment.
Inventors
- 👤 Harold J Nearhoof
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 22:26
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01K; G01K17/00; G01N; G01N25/00; G01N25/20; G01N25/48; G01R; G01R17/00; G01R17/10; G01R17/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 76
Claim 1
Independent Claim
519 words
A device for measuring small differences in temperature between a specimen object and a reference object within a thermally controlled environment, comprising: 1. a first thermal sensing element which produces a potential across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which first thermal sensing element is thermally in Contact with the specimen object whose temperature is to be compared with the temperature of the reference object within the thermally controlled environment; 2. a second thermal sensing element which produces a potential across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which second thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and thermally in contact with the reference object, the junction of said second thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment but relatively distant from the junction of the first thermal sensing element; 3. a third thermal sensing element which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the speciment object across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which third thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said third thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermal sensing element; 4. a fourth thermal sensing element which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the reference object across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which fourth thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said fourth thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the second thermal sensing element, the fixed spacial relationship of the fourth thermal sensing element to the second thermal sensing element being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the third thermal sensing element to the first thermal sensing element; 5. means connecting said first, second, third, and fourth thermal sensing elements electrically in series, the thermal sensing elements each having a negative terminal, a junction, and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermal sensing element produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals; the thermal sensing elements being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the fourth thermal sensing element produces a change in potential augmenting that of the first thermal sensing element, and the second and third thermal sensing elements both produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the first thermal sensing element; and 6. means for measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of four thermal sensing elements and the other end of the series of four thermal sensing elements, and for interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature differential.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
519 words
A device for measuring small differences in temperature between a specimen object and a reference object within a thermally controlled environment, comprising: 1. a first thermal sensing element which produces a potential across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which first thermal sensing element is thermally in Contact with the specimen object whose temperature is to be compared with the temperature of the reference object within the thermally controlled environment; 2. a second thermal sensing element which produces a potential across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which second thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and thermally in contact with the reference object, the junction of said second thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment but relatively distant from the junction of the first thermal sensing element; 3. a third thermal sensing element which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the speciment object across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which third thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said third thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermal sensing element; 4. a fourth thermal sensing element which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the reference object across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which fourth thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said fourth thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the second thermal sensing element, the fixed spacial relationship of the fourth thermal sensing element to the second thermal sensing element being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the third thermal sensing element to the first thermal sensing element; 5. means connecting said first, second, third, and fourth thermal sensing elements electrically in series, the thermal sensing elements each having a negative terminal, a junction, and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermal sensing element produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals; the thermal sensing elements being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the fourth thermal sensing element produces a change in potential augmenting that of the first thermal sensing element, and the second and third thermal sensing elements both produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the first thermal sensing element; and 6. means for measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of four thermal sensing elements and the other end of the series of four thermal sensing elements, and for interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature differential.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
78 words
a second thermal sensing element which produces a potential across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which second thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and thermally in contact with the reference object, the junction of said second thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment but relatively distant from the junction of the first thermal sensing element;
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
78 words
a second thermal sensing element which produces a potential across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which second thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and thermally in contact with the reference object, the junction of said second thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment but relatively distant from the junction of the first thermal sensing element;
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
59 words
positioning a second thermocouple, so that the junction of the second thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and thermally in contact with the reference object, the junction of the second thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment but relatively distant from the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
59 words
positioning a second thermocouple, so that the junction of the second thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and thermally in contact with the reference object, the junction of the second thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment but relatively distant from the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
56 words
a second thermocouple, the junction of which second thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and thermally in contact with the reference object, the junction of said second thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment but relatively distant from the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
56 words
a second thermocouple, the junction of which second thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and thermally in contact with the reference object, the junction of said second thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment but relatively distant from the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
56 words
a sixth thermocouple, the junction of which sixth thermocouple is removed from each specimen object and thermally in contact with the reference object, the junction of said sixth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the fifth thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment, but relatively distant from the junction of the fifth thermocouple;
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
56 words
a sixth thermocouple, the junction of which sixth thermocouple is removed from each specimen object and thermally in contact with the reference object, the junction of said sixth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the fifth thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment, but relatively distant from the junction of the fifth thermocouple;
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
80 words
a sixth thermocouple, the junction of which sixth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said sixth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment, and relatively close to the junction of the second thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the sixth thermocouple to the second thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the fifth thermocouple to the first thermocouple;
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
80 words
a sixth thermocouple, the junction of which sixth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said sixth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment, and relatively close to the junction of the second thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the sixth thermocouple to the second thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the fifth thermocouple to the first thermocouple;
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
38 words
A device according to claim 1, comprising in addition means for measuring the difference in potential between the positive and negative terminals of the first thermal sensing element, and for interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
8 words
interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
8 words
interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
8 words
interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
8 words
interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
38 words
A device according to claim 1, comprising in addition means for measuring the difference in potential between the positive and negative terminals of the second thermal sensing element, and for interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
64 words
positioning a third thermocouple for producing a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the specimen object, so that the junction of the third thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, and in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
64 words
positioning a third thermocouple for producing a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the specimen object, so that the junction of the third thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, and in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
52 words
a seventh thermocouple, the junction of which seventh thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of the seventh thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
52 words
a seventh thermocouple, the junction of which seventh thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of the seventh thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
68 words
a seventh thermocouple which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the second specimen object, the junction of which seventh thermocouple is removed from each specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said seventh thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the fifth thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the fifth thermocouple;
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
68 words
a seventh thermocouple which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the second specimen object, the junction of which seventh thermocouple is removed from each specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said seventh thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the fifth thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the fifth thermocouple;
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
52 words
a third thermocouple, the junction of which third thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of the third thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
52 words
a third thermocouple, the junction of which third thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of the third thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
85 words
a third thermal sensing element which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the speciment object across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which third thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said third thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermal sensing element;
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
85 words
a third thermal sensing element which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the speciment object across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which third thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said third thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the first thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermal sensing element;
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
95 words
an eighth thermocouple which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the reference object, the junction of which eighth thermocouple is removed from each specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said eighth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the sixth thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the sixth thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the eighth thermocouple to the sixth thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the seventh thermocouple to the fifth thermocouple;
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
95 words
an eighth thermocouple which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the reference object, the junction of which eighth thermocouple is removed from each specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said eighth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the sixth thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the sixth thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the eighth thermocouple to the sixth thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the seventh thermocouple to the fifth thermocouple;
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
80 words
a fourth thermocouple, the junction of which fourth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said fourth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment, and relatively close to the junction of the second thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the fourth thermocouple to the second thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the third thermocouple to the first thermocouple;
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
80 words
a fourth thermocouple, the junction of which fourth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said fourth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment, and relatively close to the junction of the second thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the fourth thermocouple to the second thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the third thermocouple to the first thermocouple;
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
80 words
an eighth thermocouple, the junction of which eighth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said eighth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermocouple within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the second thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the eighth thermocouple to the second thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the seventh thermocouple to the first thermocouple;
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
80 words
an eighth thermocouple, the junction of which eighth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said eighth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermocouple within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the second thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the eighth thermocouple to the second thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the seventh thermocouple to the first thermocouple;
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
92 words
positioning a fourth thermocouple for producing a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the reference object, so that the junction of the fourth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, and in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the second thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the fourth thermocouple to the second thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the third thermocouple to the first thermocouple;
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
92 words
positioning a fourth thermocouple for producing a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the reference object, so that the junction of the fourth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, and in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the second thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the fourth thermocouple to the second thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the third thermocouple to the first thermocouple;
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
13 words
A device according to claim 1, wherein the thermal sensing elements are thermocouples.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
121 words
a fourth thermal sensing element which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the reference object across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which fourth thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said fourth thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the second thermal sensing element, the fixed spacial relationship of the fourth thermal sensing element to the second thermal sensing element being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the third thermal sensing element to the first thermal sensing element;
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
121 words
a fourth thermal sensing element which produces a potential responsive to the temperature in the vicinity of the reference object across its terminals as a function of temperature, the junction of which fourth thermal sensing element is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said fourth thermal sensing element being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermal sensing element, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the second thermal sensing element, the fixed spacial relationship of the fourth thermal sensing element to the second thermal sensing element being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the third thermal sensing element to the first thermal sensing element;
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
115 words
means connecting said first, second, third, and fourth thermal sensing elements electrically in series, the thermal sensing elements each having a negative terminal, a junction, and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermal sensing element produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals; the thermal sensing elements being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the fourth thermal sensing element produces a change in potential augmenting that of the first thermal sensing element, and the second and third thermal sensing elements both produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the first thermal sensing element; and
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
115 words
means connecting said first, second, third, and fourth thermal sensing elements electrically in series, the thermal sensing elements each having a negative terminal, a junction, and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermal sensing element produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals; the thermal sensing elements being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the fourth thermal sensing element produces a change in potential augmenting that of the first thermal sensing element, and the second and third thermal sensing elements both produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the first thermal sensing element; and
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
95 words
connecting said first, second, third, and fourth thermocouples electrically in series, the thermocouples each having a negative terminal and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermocouple produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals; the thermocouples being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the fourth thermocouple produces a change in potential augmenting that of the first thermocouple, and the second and third thermocouples both produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the first thermocouple;
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
95 words
connecting said first, second, third, and fourth thermocouples electrically in series, the thermocouples each having a negative terminal and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermocouple produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals; the thermocouples being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the fourth thermocouple produces a change in potential augmenting that of the first thermocouple, and the second and third thermocouples both produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the first thermocouple;
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
9 words
A device according to claim 4, comprising in addition
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
107 words
said fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth thermocouples being electrically connected in series with said first, second, third, and fourth thermocouples, the thermocouples each having a negative terminal, a junction, and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermocouple produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals; the thermocouples being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the sixth and seventh thermocouples produce changes in potential augmenting that of the first thermocouple, and the fifth and eighth thermocouples both produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the first thermocouple;
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
107 words
said fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth thermocouples being electrically connected in series with said first, second, third, and fourth thermocouples, the thermocouples each having a negative terminal, a junction, and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermocouple produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals; the thermocouples being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the sixth and seventh thermocouples produce changes in potential augmenting that of the first thermocouple, and the fifth and eighth thermocouples both produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the first thermocouple;
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
49 words
a fifth thermocouple, the junction of which fifth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said fifth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
49 words
a fifth thermocouple, the junction of which fifth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said fifth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the first thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environment and relatively close to the junction of the first thermocouple;
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
104 words
means connecting said fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth thermocouples electrically in series, the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth thermocouples each having a negative terminal, a junction and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermocouple produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals, the thermocouples being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the eighth thermocouple produces a change in potential augmenting that of the fifth thermocouple, and the sixth and seventh thermocouple both produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the fifth thermocouple; and
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
104 words
means connecting said fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth thermocouples electrically in series, the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth thermocouples each having a negative terminal, a junction and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermocouple produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals, the thermocouples being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the eighth thermocouple produces a change in potential augmenting that of the fifth thermocouple, and the sixth and seventh thermocouple both produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the fifth thermocouple; and
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
43 words
means for measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of the fifth through eighth thermocouples and the other end of the series of the fifth through eighth thermocouples, and for interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature differential.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
43 words
means for measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of the fifth through eighth thermocouples and the other end of the series of the fifth through eighth thermocouples, and for interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature differential.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
80 words
a sixth thermocouple, the junction of which sixth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said sixth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environMent and relatively close to the junction of the second thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the sixth thermocouple to the second thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the fifth thermocouple to the first thermocouple;
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
80 words
a sixth thermocouple, the junction of which sixth thermocouple is removed from the specimen object and the reference object, the junction of said sixth thermocouple being in fixed spacial relationship to the junction of the second thermocouple, within the thermally controlled environMent and relatively close to the junction of the second thermocouple, the fixed spacial relationship of the sixth thermocouple to the second thermocouple being thermally similar to the fixed spacial relationship of the fifth thermocouple to the first thermocouple;
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
41 words
A device according to claim 4, adapted for simultaneously measuring small differences in temperature between a first specimen object and a reference object, and between a second specimen object and the reference object, within a thermally controlled environment, comprising in addition
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
44 words
said means for measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of four thermocouples and the other end of the series of four thermocouples being adapted to include the net difference in potential produced by the first through the eighth thermocouples.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
44 words
said means for measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of four thermocouples and the other end of the series of four thermocouples being adapted to include the net difference in potential produced by the first through the eighth thermocouples.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
25 words
measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of four thermocouples and the other end of the series of four thermcouples; and
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
25 words
measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of four thermocouples and the other end of the series of four thermcouples; and
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
41 words
means for measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of four thermal sensing elements and the other end of the series of four thermal sensing elements, and for interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature differential.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
41 words
means for measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of four thermal sensing elements and the other end of the series of four thermal sensing elements, and for interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature differential.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
10 words
interpreting said measured difference in potential as a temperature differential.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
10 words
interpreting said measured difference in potential as a temperature differential.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
34 words
four resistors, the resistances of which are equal and large relative to the resistances of the thermocouples, bridging the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth thermocouples, respectively; said resistors being maintained in an isothermal condition;
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
34 words
four resistors, the resistances of which are equal and large relative to the resistances of the thermocouples, bridging the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth thermocouples, respectively; said resistors being maintained in an isothermal condition;
Claim 66
Independent Claim
22 words
A device for measuring small differences in temperature between a specimen object and a reference object within a thermally controlled environment, comprising:
Claim 67
Independent Claim
22 words
A device for measuring small differences in temperature between a specimen object and a reference object within a thermally controlled environment, comprising:
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
114 words
means connnecting the first and second thermocouples, and half of each of the resistances bridging the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth thermocouples, electrically in series, the thermocouples each having a negative terminal, a junction, and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermocouple produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals; the thermocouples being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the fourth and sixth thermocouples produce changes in potential augmenting that of the first thermocouple, and the second, third, and fifth thermocouples each produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the first thermocouple; and
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
114 words
means connnecting the first and second thermocouples, and half of each of the resistances bridging the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth thermocouples, electrically in series, the thermocouples each having a negative terminal, a junction, and a positive terminal such that a change in temperature of the junction of each thermocouple produces a change in potential between the positive and negative terminals; the thermocouples being connected such that in response to changes in temperature in the same direction, the fourth and sixth thermocouples produce changes in potential augmenting that of the first thermocouple, and the second, third, and fifth thermocouples each produce changes in potential in opposition to that produced by the first thermocouple; and
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
42 words
A device according to claim 1, comprising in addition a first container containing the specimen object and a second container thermally similar to the first container and containing the reference object, the second container being thermally in contact with the second thermocouple.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process for measuring small differences in temperature between a specimen object and a reference object within a thermally controlled environment, comprising:
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process for measuring small differences in temperature between a specimen object and a reference object within a thermally controlled environment, comprising:
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
47 words
means of measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple, and one half of each of the resistances bridging the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth thermocouples, and for interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature differential.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
47 words
means of measuring the difference in potential between one end of the series of the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple, and one half of each of the resistances bridging the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth thermocouples, and for interpreting said difference in potential as a temperature differential.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
9 words
A process according to claim 9, comprising in addition
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
9 words
A process according to claim 9, comprising in addition
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3059471A
Cited
US3473382A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-01-06 | 1978-07-08 | 1979-01-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-01-06 | 1982-07-08 | 1983-01-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-01-06 | 1986-07-08 | 1987-01-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |