US3857746A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Color decalcomania and method
Assignee: Commercial Decal Inc
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Filing: 1972-11-03
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Granted: 1974-12-31
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Expires: 1992-11-03
Abstract
Abstract A color decalcomania and method of forming the same are provided wherein the design layer is formed by separately depositing on a substrate at least three colors, namely, blue, red and yellow, and preferably a fourth color, namely black, each color comprising a mixture of pigment and glass frit. The frit will include at least 5 percent and preferably at least 10 percent of a cadmium substituent. The presence of the cadmium, usually in the form of CdO, in the frit mixed with each color makes all colors compatible with each other and prevents the formation of PbS during firing and protects the yellow color and red color. Furthermore, the frit, which preferably is stable and viscous allows the colors to fuse at approximately the same firing temperature allows colors to maintain their integrity, gives good color balance and provides compatibility in all color systems. The method for forming such color decalcomanias comprises forming the design layer of the decalcomania by separately mixing each color with a suitable frit, separately applying each color-frit mixture to a substrate, and drying before the next application of frit-color mix, and firing all colors at the same temperature.
Inventors
- 👤 L Blanco
- 👤 W Wenning
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 18:19
CPC Classifications
B; B44; B44C; B44C1/00; B44C1/16; B44C1/165; B44C1/175; B44C1/1756; B41; B41M; B41M3/00; B41M3/12; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24802; Y10T428/24851; Y10T428/24868; Y10T428/24876; Y10T428/24926
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
134 words
A METHOD OF FORMING A COLOR DECALCOMANIA INCLUDING A BACKING OR SUBSTRATE LAYER AND A COLOR DESIGN LAYER DEPOSITED THEREON, WHEREIN THE STEPS OF FORMING THE DESING LAYER COMPRISES SEPARATELY DEPOSITING ON A SUBSTRATE AT LEAST THREE COLORS RAMIC COLOR COMPOSITIONS IN PATTERN WHICH OVERLAP TO A DESIRED EXTENT TO PRODUCE UPON FIRING AT LEAST SUCH THREE COLORES AND ADDITIONAL COLORS WHERE SUH OVERLAP OCCURS, EACH COLOR COMPOSITION DEPOSITED AS A SEPARATE LAYER, EACH COLOR COMPOSITION COMPRISING A CERAMIC PIGMENT IN ADMIXTURE WITH A FRIT, THE FRIT OF EACH COLOR COMPOSITION CONTAINING AT LEAST ABOUT 5% BY WEIGHT OF A CADMIUM SUBSTITUENT, SUCH COLORS INCLUDING AT LEAST BLUE COLOR, RED COLOR AND YELLOW COLOR, AND DRYING EACH DEPOSITION OF CERAMIC COLOR COMPOSITION BEFORE DEPOSITING THE NEXT CERAMIC COLOR COMPOSITION TO FORM THE DESIGN LAYER.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
134 words
A METHOD OF FORMING A COLOR DECALCOMANIA INCLUDING A BACKING OR SUBSTRATE LAYER AND A COLOR DESIGN LAYER DEPOSITED THEREON, WHEREIN THE STEPS OF FORMING THE DESING LAYER COMPRISES SEPARATELY DEPOSITING ON A SUBSTRATE AT LEAST THREE COLORS RAMIC COLOR COMPOSITIONS IN PATTERN WHICH OVERLAP TO A DESIRED EXTENT TO PRODUCE UPON FIRING AT LEAST SUCH THREE COLORES AND ADDITIONAL COLORS WHERE SUH OVERLAP OCCURS, EACH COLOR COMPOSITION DEPOSITED AS A SEPARATE LAYER, EACH COLOR COMPOSITION COMPRISING A CERAMIC PIGMENT IN ADMIXTURE WITH A FRIT, THE FRIT OF EACH COLOR COMPOSITION CONTAINING AT LEAST ABOUT 5% BY WEIGHT OF A CADMIUM SUBSTITUENT, SUCH COLORS INCLUDING AT LEAST BLUE COLOR, RED COLOR AND YELLOW COLOR, AND DRYING EACH DEPOSITION OF CERAMIC COLOR COMPOSITION BEFORE DEPOSITING THE NEXT CERAMIC COLOR COMPOSITION TO FORM THE DESIGN LAYER.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein four color compositions are deposited on the substrate and the fourth color is black.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the yellow color comprises cadmium sulfide and zinc sulfide and the cadmium substituent in the frit is in the form of an oxide or salt thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the yellow color comprises a mixture of lead oxide and antimony oxide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said frit contains from about 5 to about 50 percent by weight of the cadmium substituent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method in accordance with claim 3 wherein the red color comprises A mix of cadmium sulfide and selenium, the blue color comprises a mixture of oxides of cobalt, chromium and aluminum, and the black color comprises a mixture of oxides of cobalt, chromium and iron.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method in accordance with claim 4 wherein the red color comprises ferrous oxide, the blue color comprises a mixture of oxides of cobalt, chromium and aluminum and the black color comprises a mixture of oxides of chromium and iron.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
62 words
The method in accordance with claim 3 wherein the frit comprises from 0 to about 40 percent by weight silica, from 0 to aabout 60 percent by weight lead oxide, from 0 to about 15 percent by weight boric oxide, from about 5 to about 50 percent by weight cadmium oxide and from 0 to about 10 percent by weight alkali oxides.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method in accordance with claim 3 wherein the frit comprises from about 10 to about 60 percent by weight lead oxide, from about 15 to about 65 percent by weight silica, from about 0 to about 10 percent by weight titanium dioxide and from about 2 to about 15 percent by weight tin oxide.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 for forming an overglaze decalcomania comprising a backing or substrate layer, a design layer disposed on the backing or substrate layer, including the step of applying a low-melting point glass frit over the design layer to form a protective layer thereon.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the design layer is formed by lithography.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the design layer is formed by silk screening.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the design layer is laid down by wet printing techniques.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the design layer is laid down by dry printing techniques.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the ceramic color compositions include a printing medium or vehicle in addition to frit and pigment.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein each of the ceramic color compositions comprises a mixture of firt and pigment in a weight ratio of frit:pigment within the range of from about 4:1 to about 1:4.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
188 words
A method for forming a color decalcomania including a colored design layer deposited on a backing or substrate layer, which comprises separately mixing ceramic pigments with a frit to form at least three separate color compositions comprising blue color and frit, red color and frit, and yellow color and frit, the frit with each of said colors containing a cadmium substituent in an amount of at least about 5 percent by weight coating a backing or substrate layer with a varnish, depositing a first of said color-frit compositions on said varnish coating, drying said deposition of color-frit composition, repeating said varnish coating, color-frit depositing and drying steps for each of the reamining color-frit compositions to form the design layer wherein a varnish layer separates each layer of color-frit composition, the color-frit compositions being deposited in patterns which overlap to a desired extent to produce upon firing at least such three colors and additional colors where such overlap occurs, so that upon application to a ware and firing all color-frit compositions at the same temperature, a design layer is formed having the desired colors, shades, hues and tonal balance.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
188 words
A method for forming a color decalcomania including a colored design layer deposited on a backing or substrate layer, which comprises separately mixing ceramic pigments with a frit to form at least three separate color compositions comprising blue color and frit, red color and frit, and yellow color and frit, the frit with each of said colors containing a cadmium substituent in an amount of at least about 5 percent by weight coating a backing or substrate layer with a varnish, depositing a first of said color-frit compositions on said varnish coating, drying said deposition of color-frit composition, repeating said varnish coating, color-frit depositing and drying steps for each of the reamining color-frit compositions to form the design layer wherein a varnish layer separates each layer of color-frit composition, the color-frit compositions being deposited in patterns which overlap to a desired extent to produce upon firing at least such three colors and additional colors where such overlap occurs, so that upon application to a ware and firing all color-frit compositions at the same temperature, a design layer is formed having the desired colors, shades, hues and tonal balance.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method in accordance with claim 17, wherein four separate color compositons are deposited on the varnish coated substrate and the fourth color composition is black color and frit.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
106 words
A ceramic color decalcomania comprising a backing or substrate layer and a design layer disposed on said backing or substrate layer, said design layer formed from separate layers of at least three basic colors, blue, red and yellow, each layer containing only one of said colors, each color being employed in admixture with a frit, and the frit admixed with each color Containing at least about 5% by weight of a cadmium substituent, and the design layer including patterns of such colors which overlap to a desired extent, such that upon firing at least such three colors and additional colors are produced where such overlap occurs.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
106 words
A ceramic color decalcomania comprising a backing or substrate layer and a design layer disposed on said backing or substrate layer, said design layer formed from separate layers of at least three basic colors, blue, red and yellow, each layer containing only one of said colors, each color being employed in admixture with a frit, and the frit admixed with each color Containing at least about 5% by weight of a cadmium substituent, and the design layer including patterns of such colors which overlap to a desired extent, such that upon firing at least such three colors and additional colors are produced where such overlap occurs.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
36 words
The color decalcomania as defined in claim 19 wherein said frit is of relatively high viscosity and prevents undue mixing of each of the colors permitting the integrity of the individual applied colors to be maintained.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
21 words
The color decalcomania as defined in claim 19, wherein the frit contains from about 5 to about 50 percent cadmium substituent.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
The color decalcomania in accordance with claim 19 including a protective coating of prefused low melting point glass over the design layer.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
27 words
The color decalcomania in accordance with claim 22, wherein said glass includes increments of lead oxide, silicon dioxide, cadmium oxide and tin oxide and optionally titanium oxide.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
42 words
The color decalcomania as defined in claim 19 wherein said design layer is formed from separate layers of four colors and the fourth color is black and is in admixture with said frit containing at least about 5% by weight cadmium substituent.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
174 words
A METHOD OF DECORATING AN ARTICLE OR WARE, WHICH COMPRISES FORMING A COLOR DECALCOMANIA INCLUDING A BACKING OR SUBSTRATE LAYER AND A COLOR DESIGN LAYER DEPOSITED THEREON, WHEREIN THE STEPS OF FORMING THE DESIGN LAYER COMPRISES SEPARATELY DEPOSITING ON A SUBSTRATE AT LEAT THREE CERAMIC COLOR COMPOSITIONS IN PATTERNS WHICH OVERLAP TO A DESIRED EXTENT TO PRODUCE UPON FIRING AT LEAST SUCH THREE COLORS AND ADDITIONAL COLORS WHERE SUCH OVERLAP OCCURS, EACH COLOR COMPOSITION DEPOSITED AS A SEPARATE LAYER, EACH COLOR COMPOSITION COMPRISING A CERAMIC PIGMENT IN ADMIXTURE WITH A FRIT, THE FRIT, THE EACH COLOR COMPOSITION CONTAINING FROM ABOUT 5 TO ABOUT 50% BY WEIGHT OF A CADMIUM SUBSTITUENT, SUCH COLORS INCLUDING AT LEAST BLUE COOR, RED COLOR, AND YELLOW COLOR, AND DRYING EACH DEPOSITION OF CERAMIC COLOR COMPOSITION BEFORE DEPOSITING THE NEXT CERAMIC COLOR COMPOSITION T FORM THE DESIGN LAYER; APPLYING THE COLOR DECALCOMANIA TO THE WAVE; AND FIRING THE WARE AND DECALCOMANIA TO CAUSE THE FRIT AND COLORS OF THE DECALCOMANIA TO FUSE AND TO BOND THE DECALCOMANIA TO THE WARE.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
174 words
A METHOD OF DECORATING AN ARTICLE OR WARE, WHICH COMPRISES FORMING A COLOR DECALCOMANIA INCLUDING A BACKING OR SUBSTRATE LAYER AND A COLOR DESIGN LAYER DEPOSITED THEREON, WHEREIN THE STEPS OF FORMING THE DESIGN LAYER COMPRISES SEPARATELY DEPOSITING ON A SUBSTRATE AT LEAT THREE CERAMIC COLOR COMPOSITIONS IN PATTERNS WHICH OVERLAP TO A DESIRED EXTENT TO PRODUCE UPON FIRING AT LEAST SUCH THREE COLORS AND ADDITIONAL COLORS WHERE SUCH OVERLAP OCCURS, EACH COLOR COMPOSITION DEPOSITED AS A SEPARATE LAYER, EACH COLOR COMPOSITION COMPRISING A CERAMIC PIGMENT IN ADMIXTURE WITH A FRIT, THE FRIT, THE EACH COLOR COMPOSITION CONTAINING FROM ABOUT 5 TO ABOUT 50% BY WEIGHT OF A CADMIUM SUBSTITUENT, SUCH COLORS INCLUDING AT LEAST BLUE COOR, RED COLOR, AND YELLOW COLOR, AND DRYING EACH DEPOSITION OF CERAMIC COLOR COMPOSITION BEFORE DEPOSITING THE NEXT CERAMIC COLOR COMPOSITION T FORM THE DESIGN LAYER; APPLYING THE COLOR DECALCOMANIA TO THE WAVE; AND FIRING THE WARE AND DECALCOMANIA TO CAUSE THE FRIT AND COLORS OF THE DECALCOMANIA TO FUSE AND TO BOND THE DECALCOMANIA TO THE WARE.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-12-30 | 1978-07-01 | 1978-12-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-12-30 | 1982-07-01 | 1982-12-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-12-30 | 1986-07-01 | 1986-12-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |