US3856569A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for the purification and concentration of solutions derived from marine algae
Assignee: Uniroyal Ltd Great Britain
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Filing: 1972-09-07
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Granted: 1974-12-24
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Expires: 1992-09-07
Abstract
Abstract Method of purifying and concentrating aqueous solutions derived from marine algae by subjecting such solutions to ultrafiltration whereby water and low molecular weight compounds in the solution are caused to pass through the membrane or microporous filter medium of the ultrafiltration equipment and to emerge as ultrafiltrate while the desirable polysaccharide, such as carrageenan or alginate, is retained by the membrane or the like and is recovered in concentrated form. In one method wherein the polysaccharide extract of marine algae of the class Rodophyceae in the starting solution is in the form of the calcium derivative, the starting solution is subjected to ion exchange so as to effect replacement of the calcium with potassium, sodium or ammonium and the resulting solution is then subjected to ultrafiltration.
Inventors
- 👤 C Strong
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 19:28
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08B; C08B37/00; C08B37/006; C08B37/0084; A; A23; A23L; A23L29/00; A23L29/20; A23L29/206; A23L29/256
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
62 words
THE METHOD OF PURIFYING AND CONCENTRATING AN AQUEOUS POLYSACCHARIDE SOLUTION DERIVED FROM MARINE ALGAE WHICH COMPRISES SUBJECTING SAID SOLUTION TO ULTRAFILTRATION USING A SEMI-PERMEABLE ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE HAVING AN APPARENT PORE DIAMETER OF FROM 20 ANGSTROM UNITS TO 400 ANGSTROM UNITS AND THEREBY CAUSING WATER AND LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT SPECIES TO PASS THROUGH SAID MEMBRANE AND POLYSACCHARIDE TO BE RETAINED BY SAID MEMBRANE.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
62 words
THE METHOD OF PURIFYING AND CONCENTRATING AN AQUEOUS POLYSACCHARIDE SOLUTION DERIVED FROM MARINE ALGAE WHICH COMPRISES SUBJECTING SAID SOLUTION TO ULTRAFILTRATION USING A SEMI-PERMEABLE ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE HAVING AN APPARENT PORE DIAMETER OF FROM 20 ANGSTROM UNITS TO 400 ANGSTROM UNITS AND THEREBY CAUSING WATER AND LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT SPECIES TO PASS THROUGH SAID MEMBRANE AND POLYSACCHARIDE TO BE RETAINED BY SAID MEMBRANE.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said ultrafiltration is carried out at a solution inlet pressure of at least 10 pounds per square inch gauge and a solution outlet pressure lower than said inlet pressure and ranging from 0 to 100 pounds per square inch gauge.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said ultrafiltration is carried out at a solution inlet pressure of from 80 to 100 pounds per square inch gauge and a solution outlet pressure of from 0 to 20 pounds per square inch gauge.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said ultrafiltration is carried out at a solution temperature of from 60* to 100* c.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the pH of the solution is from 6.5 to 12.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the pH of the solution is from 6.5 to 8.5.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
96 words
The method which comprises subjecting an aqueous polysaccharide extract solution derived from marine algae where the polysaccharide is a calcium derivative to ion exchange so as to replace the calcium moiety of the polysaccharide with a moiety selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and ammonium, and subjecting the resulting solution to ultrafiltration using a semi-permeable ultrafiltration membrane having an apparent pore diameter of from 20 Angstrom units to 400 Angstrom units and thereby causing water and low molecular weight species to pass through said membrane and the polysaccharide to be retained by said membrane.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
96 words
The method which comprises subjecting an aqueous polysaccharide extract solution derived from marine algae where the polysaccharide is a calcium derivative to ion exchange so as to replace the calcium moiety of the polysaccharide with a moiety selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and ammonium, and subjecting the resulting solution to ultrafiltration using a semi-permeable ultrafiltration membrane having an apparent pore diameter of from 20 Angstrom units to 400 Angstrom units and thereby causing water and low molecular weight species to pass through said membrane and the polysaccharide to be retained by said membrane.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said ion exchange is accomplished by adding a carbonate selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and ammonium carbonates to the calcium polysaccharide solution, separating the precipitated calcium carbonate thereby formed from the solution, and subjecting the resulting solution to said ultrafiltration.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said ultrafiltration is carried out at a solution inlet pressure of at least 10 pounds per square inch gauge and a solution outlet pressure lower than said inlet pressure and ranging from 0 to 100 pounds per square inch gauge.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said ultrafiltration is carried out at a solution inlet pressure of from 80 to 100 pounds per square inch gauge and a solution outlet pressure of from 0 to 20 pounds per square inch gauge.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said ultrafiltration is carried out at a solution temperature of from 60* to 100* C.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the pH of the solution is from 6.5 to 12.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the pH of the solution is from 6.5 to 8.5.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the initial polysaccharide concentration of said solution is from about 1 to 3 percent by weight and wherein said ultrafiltration is carried out until the concentrated solution has a polysaccharide concentration of from about 6 to 10 percent by weight.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 14 including the further purification of the concentrated polysaccharide solution by diluting it with fresh water, and then reconcentrating the diluted solution by subjecting it to ultrafiltration.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 14 including effecting further purification of the polysaccharide solution by adding fresh water to the polysaccharide solution subjected to the ultrafiltration at a rate substantially corresponding to the rate at which water is being removed in the ultrafiltrate by the ultrafiltration.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
65 words
The method of purifying and concentrating an aqueous solution of an alginic acid derivative which comprises subjecting said solution to ultrafiltration using a semi-permeable ultrafiltration membrane having an apparent pore diameter of from 20 Angstrom units to 400 Angstrom units and thereby causing water and low molecular weight species to pass through said membrane and the alginic acid derivative to be retained by said membrane.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
65 words
The method of purifying and concentrating an aqueous solution of an alginic acid derivative which comprises subjecting said solution to ultrafiltration using a semi-permeable ultrafiltration membrane having an apparent pore diameter of from 20 Angstrom units to 400 Angstrom units and thereby causing water and low molecular weight species to pass through said membrane and the alginic acid derivative to be retained by said membrane.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said derivative is a sodium, potassium or ammonium salt of alginic acid.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said derivative is an ester of alginic acid.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said derivative is a propylene glycol ester of alginic acid.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-12-23 | 1978-06-24 | 1978-12-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-12-23 | 1982-06-24 | 1982-12-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-06-24 | 1986-12-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |