US3856455A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for mixing and turbulating particulate fuel with air for subsequent combustion
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1973-01-29
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Granted: 1974-12-24
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Expires: 1993-01-29
Abstract
Abstract The method disclosed includes injecting particulate fuel and a relatively small quantity of air into one end of a chamber so as to promote turbulence in the mixture during passage along the chamber to an outlet where ignition takes place. Further air is added to the mixture in the region of the outlet in sufficient quantities to permit full combustion of the entrained fuel when discharged from the outlet. Also disclosed are three alternative forms of apparatus each including a chamber for promoting turbulence. To effect turbulation, the air and fuel inlets are positioned to provide a cyclonic movement or suitable guides may be provided within the chamber to cause such movement.
Inventors
- 👤 C Otway
- 👤 B Biden
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 06:02
CPC Classifications
F; F23; F23G; F23G5/00; F23G5/32; F23G7/00; F23G7/10; F23G7/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
198 words
Apparatus for generating and igniting a fuel mixture stream comprised of an intimate mixture of air and particulate fuel, comprising an elongated chamber having an inlet at one end and a restricted outlet at the other end, a duct connected axially to the inlet of the chamber for entraining particulate fuel in a stream of primary air in a proportion and at a temperature insufficient to permit significant combustion of the fuel in the chamber, and for injecting the resultant mixture into the chamber, said chamber being constructed to exclude any other air therefrom, means in said duct for generating turbulence in the chamber to create a thorough mixing of the fuel and primary air therein as the mixture moves therethrough towards the outlet, means for maintaining ignition of the suspension in the region of the outlet, and means for directing a stream of secondary air into confluence with the turbulent suspension in the region of said outlet to provide, together with the primary air sufficient air to support complete combustion of the fuel suspended in the air, said directing means being such as to cause the secondary air to assist in moving said mixture through the chamber.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
198 words
Apparatus for generating and igniting a fuel mixture stream comprised of an intimate mixture of air and particulate fuel, comprising an elongated chamber having an inlet at one end and a restricted outlet at the other end, a duct connected axially to the inlet of the chamber for entraining particulate fuel in a stream of primary air in a proportion and at a temperature insufficient to permit significant combustion of the fuel in the chamber, and for injecting the resultant mixture into the chamber, said chamber being constructed to exclude any other air therefrom, means in said duct for generating turbulence in the chamber to create a thorough mixing of the fuel and primary air therein as the mixture moves therethrough towards the outlet, means for maintaining ignition of the suspension in the region of the outlet, and means for directing a stream of secondary air into confluence with the turbulent suspension in the region of said outlet to provide, together with the primary air sufficient air to support complete combustion of the fuel suspended in the air, said directing means being such as to cause the secondary air to assist in moving said mixture through the chamber.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the means for generating turbulence comprises a helical guide disposed in said duct.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the means for generating turbulence comprises a conical deflector disposed at the discharge end of the duct.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the coNical deflector has a fluted surface having a substantially spiral configuration for imparting a cyclonic movement to the fuel in air mixture.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
169 words
A method of generating a fuel mixture stream comprised of an intimate mixture of air and particulate fuel, comprising the steps of: entraining particulate fuel in a small amount of primary air in a premixing step and injecting the resultant mixture into one end of an elongated chamber having a restricted outlet near its opposite end for connection to a furnace and to the exclusion of other air from the chamber, the amount of said primary air being insufficient to permit significant combustion of the fuel in the chamber, generating turbulence in the chamber to create a thorough mixing of the fuel and primary air in the chamber as the mixture moves therethrough towards the outlet, and igniting said mixture in the region of said outlet and injecting secondary air into the mixture adjacent the outlet to create together with the primary air complete combustion of the fuel in suspension in the air, said secondary air being so injected as to assist in moving said mixture through the chamber.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
169 words
A method of generating a fuel mixture stream comprised of an intimate mixture of air and particulate fuel, comprising the steps of: entraining particulate fuel in a small amount of primary air in a premixing step and injecting the resultant mixture into one end of an elongated chamber having a restricted outlet near its opposite end for connection to a furnace and to the exclusion of other air from the chamber, the amount of said primary air being insufficient to permit significant combustion of the fuel in the chamber, generating turbulence in the chamber to create a thorough mixing of the fuel and primary air in the chamber as the mixture moves therethrough towards the outlet, and igniting said mixture in the region of said outlet and injecting secondary air into the mixture adjacent the outlet to create together with the primary air complete combustion of the fuel in suspension in the air, said secondary air being so injected as to assist in moving said mixture through the chamber.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the resultant mixture is injected into the chamber substantially tangentially so as to effect a cyclonic movement of the mixture along the chamber.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the primary air is preheated.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the secondary air is preheated.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as claimed in claim 8 wherein the air is preheated by admixture with flue gases from a furnace to which the fuel mixture stream is being supplied for combustion.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
180 words
A method of generating a fuel mixture stream comprised of an intimate mixture of air and particulate fuel, comprising the steps of: preheating primary air by admixture with flue gases from a furnace to which the fuel mixture stream is being supplied, injecting particulate fuel and a small amount of said primary air into one end of an elongated chamber having a restricted outlet near its opposite end for connection to a furnace and to the exclusion of other air from the chamber, the amount of said primary being insufficient to permit significant combustion of the fuel in the chamber, generating turbulence in the chamber to create a thorough mixing of the fuel and primary air in the chamber as the mixture moves therethrough towards the outlet, and igniting said mixture in the region of said outlet and injecting secondary air into the mixture adjacent the outlet to create together with the primary air complete combustion of the fuel in suspension in the air, said secondary air being so injected as to assist in moving said mixture through the chamber.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
180 words
A method of generating a fuel mixture stream comprised of an intimate mixture of air and particulate fuel, comprising the steps of: preheating primary air by admixture with flue gases from a furnace to which the fuel mixture stream is being supplied, injecting particulate fuel and a small amount of said primary air into one end of an elongated chamber having a restricted outlet near its opposite end for connection to a furnace and to the exclusion of other air from the chamber, the amount of said primary being insufficient to permit significant combustion of the fuel in the chamber, generating turbulence in the chamber to create a thorough mixing of the fuel and primary air in the chamber as the mixture moves therethrough towards the outlet, and igniting said mixture in the region of said outlet and injecting secondary air into the mixture adjacent the outlet to create together with the primary air complete combustion of the fuel in suspension in the air, said secondary air being so injected as to assist in moving said mixture through the chamber.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
206 words
Apparatus for generating and igniting a fuel mixture stream comprised of an intimate mixture of air and particulate fuel, comprising an elongated chamber having an inlet at one end and a restricted outlet at the other end, means for directing a small stream of preheated primary air into said inlet, means for entraining particulate fuel into the stream of primary air to premix the fuel and air before being injected into the chamber, the proportion of fuel to air and the temperature thereof being insufficient to permit significant combustion of the fuel in the chamber, said chamber being constructed to exclude any other air therefrom, means for generating turbulence in the chamber to crease a thorough mixing of the fuel and primary air therein as the mixture moves therethrough towards the outlet, means for maintaining ignition of the suspension in the region of the outlet, and means for directing a stream of secondary air into confluence with the turbulent suspension in the region of said outlet to provide, together with the primary air sufficient air to support complete combustion of the fuel suspended in the air, said directing means being such as to cause the secondary air to assist in moving said mixture througH the chamber.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
206 words
Apparatus for generating and igniting a fuel mixture stream comprised of an intimate mixture of air and particulate fuel, comprising an elongated chamber having an inlet at one end and a restricted outlet at the other end, means for directing a small stream of preheated primary air into said inlet, means for entraining particulate fuel into the stream of primary air to premix the fuel and air before being injected into the chamber, the proportion of fuel to air and the temperature thereof being insufficient to permit significant combustion of the fuel in the chamber, said chamber being constructed to exclude any other air therefrom, means for generating turbulence in the chamber to crease a thorough mixing of the fuel and primary air therein as the mixture moves therethrough towards the outlet, means for maintaining ignition of the suspension in the region of the outlet, and means for directing a stream of secondary air into confluence with the turbulent suspension in the region of said outlet to provide, together with the primary air sufficient air to support complete combustion of the fuel suspended in the air, said directing means being such as to cause the secondary air to assist in moving said mixture througH the chamber.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the means for generating turbulence comprises a helical guide disposed in said duct.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the means for generating turbulence comprises a conical deflector disposed at the discharge end of the duct.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein the conical deflector has a fluted surface having a substantially spiral configuration for imparting a cyclonic movement to the fuel in air mixture.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-12-23 | 1978-06-24 | 1978-12-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-12-23 | 1982-06-24 | 1982-12-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-06-24 | 1986-12-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |