Coatings containing plastic polymeric pigments

Claim 2

A COATED PAPER HAVING PRINTING APPLIED TO A SURFACE THEREOF COMPRISING A. A PAPER SUBSTRATE HAVING INTIMATELY ADHERED THERETO; B. AN IMPROED COATING COMPRISING A BINDING AMOUNT OF A BINDER AND A OPACIFYING AMOUNT OF A PIGMENT, PROVIDED THAT (1) THE RATIO OF BINDER TO PIGMENT IS IN THE RANGE FROM ABOUT 1.3 TO ABOUT 12 VOLUME PARTS OF BINDER TO ABOUT 38.8 VOLUME PARTS OF PIGMENT; AND (2) AT LEAST A PORTION OF SAID PIGMENT IS IN THE FORM OF DISCRETE, SUBSTANTIALLY SPHERIODAL, WATER-AND BINDER-INSOLUBLE, NON-FILM FORMING, POLYMERIC PLASTIC PARTICLES OF AN ORGANIC POLYMER, SAID PARTICLES HAVING AN AVERAGE DIAMETER OF FROM ABOUT 0.3 TO ABOUT 0.8 MICRON, SAID PORTION OF PLASTIC PARTICLES CONSTITUTING AT LEAST ABOUT 1 VOLUME PERCENT BASED ON TOTAL PIGMENT AND BEING SUFFICIENT TO IMPART IMPROVED COATING PROPERTIES AS COMPARED TO A COATING CONTAINING ONLY INORGANIC PIGMENT, SAID ORGANIC POLYMER BEING A POLYMER OF A. MONOVINYLIDENE AROMATIC MONOMER; B. LESS THAN ABOUT 45 WEIGHT PERCENT OF COPOLYMERIZABLE MONOMER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CONJUGATED ALIPHATIC DIENE, ALKYL ACRYLATES, UNSATURATED ESTERS OF SATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, ESTERS AND HALF ESTERS OF A,B-ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED POLYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS, ALIPHATIC MONOOLEFINS, VINYL FLUORIDE, VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE AND VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE AND C. NOT GREATER THAN 25 WEIGHT PERCENT OF A,B-ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID; AND C. PRINTING APPLIED TO SAID COATING.

Claim 3

A coated paper having printing applied to a surface thereof, comprising A. a paper substrate having intimately adhered thereto; B. an improved coating comprising a binding amount of a binder and an opacifying amount of a pigment, provided that (1) the ratio of binder to pigment is in the range from about 1.3 to about 12 volume parts of binder to about 38.8 volume parts of pigment, and (2) at least a portion of said pigment is in the form of discrete, substantially spheroidal, water- and binder-insoluble, non-film forming, polymeric plastic particles of an organic polymer, said particles having an average diameter of from about 0.3 to about 0.8 micron, said portion of plastic particles constituting at least about 1 volume percent based on total pigment and being sufficient to impart improved coating properties as compared to a coating containing only inorganic pigment, said polymer being a substantially colorless, thermoplastic, addition polymer of from about 40 to 100 weight percent of monovinylidene aromatic monomer, from 0 to 60 weight percent of copolymerizable monomeric selected from the group consisting of conjugated aliphatic diene, alkyl acrylates, unsaturated esters of saturated carboxylic acids, esters and half esters of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acids, aliphatic monoolefins, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene chloride and vinylidene fluoride, and Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid in which polymer from 0 to about 15 percent is Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and the binder is selected from the group consisting of starch, modified starch, soybean protein, casein, polymers of conjugated dienes, and polymers of alkyl esters of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylidene chloride copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers and cellulosics and mixtures thereof; and C. printing applied to said coating.

Claim 4

A coated paper having printing applied to a surface thereof, comprising A. a paper substrate having intimately adhered thereto; B. an improved coating comprising a binding amount of a binder and an opacifying amount of a pigment, provided that (1) the ratio of binder to pigment is in the range from about 1.3 to about 12 volume parts of binder to about 38.8 volume parts of pigment, and (2) at least a portion of said pigment is in the form of discrete, substantially spheroidal, water- and binder-insoluble, non-film forming, polymeric plastic particles of an organic polymer, said particles having an average diameter of from about 0.3 to about 0.8 micron, said portion of plastic particles constituting at least about 1 volume percent based on total pigment and being sufficient to impart improved coating properties as compared to a coating containing only inorganic pigment, said polymer being a substantially colorless, thermoplastic, addition polymer of from about 40 to 100 weight percent of monovinylidene aromatic monomer, from 0 to 60 weight percent of copolymerizable monomeric selected from the group consisting of conjugated aliphatic diene, alkyl acrylates, unsaturated esters of saturated carboxylic acids, esters and half esters of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acids, aliphatic monoolefins, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene chloride and vinylidene fluoride, and Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid in which polymer from 0 to about 15 percent is Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and the binder is selected from the group consisting of starch, modified starch, soybean protein, casein, polymers of conjugated dienes, and polymers of alkyl esters of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylidene chloride copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers and cellulosics and mixtures thereof; and C. printing applied to said coating.

Claim 5

A coated paper having printing applied to a surface thereof, comprising A. a paper substrate having intimately adhered thereto; B. an improved coating comprising a binding amount of a binder and an opacifying amount of a pigment, provided that (1) the ratio of binder to pigment is in the range from about 1.3 to about 12 volume parts of binder to about 38.8 volume parts of pigment and (2) at least a portion of said pigment is in the form of discrete, substantially spheroidal, water- and binder-insoluble, non-film forming, polymeric plastic particles having an average diameter of from about 0.3 to about 0.8 micron, said portion of plastic particles constituting at least about 1 volume percent based on total pigment and being sufficient to impart improved coating properties as compared to a coating containing only inorganic pigment, said organic polymer consisting essentially of (a) from about 40 to about 100 weight percent of monovinylidene carbocyclic aromatic monomers; (b) from 0 to 45 weight percent of an ethylenically unsaturated soft monomer selected from the group consisting of conjugated aliphatic dienes, alkyl acrylates, unsaturated esters of saturated carboxylic acid which polymerize To form film-forming polymers, esters and half esters of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acids, vinylidene chloride, and mixtures thereof (c) from 0 to about 49 weight percent of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated nitrile and (d) from 0 to about 15 weight percent of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer; and C. printing applied to said coating.

Claim 6

A coated paper having printing applied to a surface thereof, comprising A. a paper substrate having intimately adhered thereto; B. an improved coating comprising a binding amount of a binder and an opacifying amount of a pigment, provided that (1) the ratio of binder to pigment is in the range from about 1.3 to about 12 volume parts of binder to about 38.8 volume parts of pigment and (2) at least a portion of said pigment is in the form of discrete, substantially spheroidal, water- and binder-insoluble, non-film forming, polymeric plastic particles having an average diameter of from about 0.3 to about 0.8 micron, said portion of plastic particles constituting at least about 1 volume percent based on total pigment and being sufficient to impart improved coating properties as compared to a coating containing only inorganic pigment, said organic polymer consisting essentially of (a) from about 40 to about 100 weight percent of monovinylidene carbocyclic aromatic monomers; (b) from 0 to 45 weight percent of an ethylenically unsaturated soft monomer selected from the group consisting of conjugated aliphatic dienes, alkyl acrylates, unsaturated esters of saturated carboxylic acid which polymerize To form film-forming polymers, esters and half esters of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acids, vinylidene chloride, and mixtures thereof (c) from 0 to about 49 weight percent of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated nitrile and (d) from 0 to about 15 weight percent of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer; and C. printing applied to said coating.

Claim 7

The coated paper of claim 3 wherein the ratio of binder to pigment is in the range of from about 6 to about 10 volume parts of binder to 38.8 volume parts of pigment.

Claim 8

The coated paper according to claim 2 wherein the polymer consists essentially of from about 75 to 100 weight percent of monovinylidene carbocyclic aromatic monomer, from 0 to about 20 weight percent of acrylonitrile and from about 0 to about 5 weight percent of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid and mixtures thereof and the binder is selected from the group consisting of starch, modified starch, casein, soybean protein, styrene/butadiene copolymer, butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer, butadiene/methyl methacrylate copolymer, vinyl chloride/vinylidene chloride copolymer, polychloroprene copolymer, polybutadiene copolymer, polyvinyl acetate and mixtures thereof.

Claim 9

The coated paper according to claim 3 wherein the polymer consists essentially of from about 75 to about 100 weight percent of monovinylidene carbocyclic aromatic monomer from about 0 to about 20 weight percent of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated nitrile, from 0 to about 20 weight percent of ethylenically unsaturated soft monomer selected from group consisting of conjugated aliphatic dienes, alkyl acrylates, and mixtures thereof and from 0 to about 5 percent of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and the binder is selected from the group consisting of starch, oxidized starch, enzyme converted starch, cationic starch, thermal-converted starch, hydroxyethylated starch, soybean protein and casein, sytrene/butadiene copolymer, butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene/isoprene copolymer, butadiene/methyl methacrylate copolymer, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polychloroprene, ethyl acrylate/acrylic acid copolymers, methyl acrylate/itaconic acid copolymers, ethyl acrylate/hexyl acrylate/methacrylamide copolymers, alkyl acrylate/vinyl acetate copolymers, and styrene/alkyl acrylate copolymers, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, methyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose and mixtures thereof.

Claim 10

The coated paper according to claim 5 wherein monovinylidene carbocyclic aromatic monomer is styrene.

Claim 11

The coated paper according to claim 5 wherein at least 50 volume percent of the plastic particles have diameters in the range from about 0.2 to about 0.9 micron.

Claim 12

The coated paper according to claim 5 wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of modified starch, polyvinyl acetate and styrene/butadiene copolymer.

Claim 13

The coated paper according to claim 5 wherein the pigment consists of at least about 1 volume percent of plastic particles and a remaining portion of inorganic pigment.

Claim 14

The coated paper according to claim 10 wherein the inorganic pigment is clay.

Claim 15

A coated paper having printing applied thereon, comprising A. a paper substrate having intimately adhered thereto; B. an improved coating comprising from about 3 to about 17 parts by weight of a binder and 38.5 parts by weight of a pigment, provided that the amount of pigment is an opacifying amount and at least a portion of said pigment is in the form of discrete, substantially spheroidal, water- and binder-insOluble, non-film forming, polymeric plastic particles of an organic polymer, said particles having an average diameter of from about 0.3 to about 0.8 micron, said portion of plastic paraticles constituting at least about 1 volume percent based on total pigment and being sufficient to impart improved coating properties as compared to a coating containing only inorganic pigment and the remaining portion of pigment is inorganic pigment which is a satisfactory pigment in conventional paper coatings, said organic polymer being a polymer selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of monovinylidene aromatic carbocyclic monomer and copolymers of monovinylidene aromatic carbocyclic monomer and from 0 to about 5 weight percent of an Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid and fumaric acid, and from 0 to about 20 weight percent of a copolymerizable monomer selected from the group consisting of butadiene, isoprene, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile; and C. printing applied to said coating.

Claim 16

A coated paper having printing applied thereon, comprising A. a paper substrate having intimately adhered thereto; B. an improved coating comprising from about 3 to about 17 parts by weight of a binder and 38.5 parts by weight of a pigment, provided that the amount of pigment is an opacifying amount and at least a portion of said pigment is in the form of discrete, substantially spheroidal, water- and binder-insOluble, non-film forming, polymeric plastic particles of an organic polymer, said particles having an average diameter of from about 0.3 to about 0.8 micron, said portion of plastic paraticles constituting at least about 1 volume percent based on total pigment and being sufficient to impart improved coating properties as compared to a coating containing only inorganic pigment and the remaining portion of pigment is inorganic pigment which is a satisfactory pigment in conventional paper coatings, said organic polymer being a polymer selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of monovinylidene aromatic carbocyclic monomer and copolymers of monovinylidene aromatic carbocyclic monomer and from 0 to about 5 weight percent of an Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid and fumaric acid, and from 0 to about 20 weight percent of a copolymerizable monomer selected from the group consisting of butadiene, isoprene, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile; and C. printing applied to said coating.

Claim 17

The coated paper of claim 12 wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of starch, modified starch, soybean protein, casein, polymers of conjugated dienes and polymers of alkyl esters of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylidene chloride copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers and cellulosics and mixtures thereof.

Claim 18

The coated paper of claim 12 wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of starch, oxidized starch, enzyme converted starch, cationic starch, thermal-converted starch, hydroxyethylated starch, soybean protein and casein, styrene/butadiene copolymer, butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene/isoprene copolymer, butadiene/methyl methacrylate copolymer, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polychloroprene, ethyl acrylate/acrylic acid copolymers, methyl acrylate/itaconic acid copolymers, ethyl acrylate/hexyl acrylate/methacrylamide copolymers, alkyl acrylate/vinyl acetate copolymers, and styrene/alkyl acrylate copolymers, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, methyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose and mixtures thereof.

Claim 19

The coated paper of claim 12 wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of starch, modified starch, casein, soybean protein, styrene/butadiene copolymer, butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer, butadiene/methyl methacrylate copolymer, vinyl chloride/vinylidene chloride copolymer, polybutadiene copolymer, polychloroprene copolymer and polyvinyl acetate.

Claim 20

The coated paper according to claim 12 wherein the pigment consists of at least about 1 volume percent of plastic particles and a remaining portion of inorganic pigment.

Claim 21

The coated paper of claim 15 wherein the inorganic pigment is selected from the group consisting of clay, titanium dioxide, kieselguhr, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium sulfite, barium sulfate, blanc fixe, satin white, aluminum hydrites and zinc pigments. 18. The coated paper of claim 15 wherein the inorganic pigment is clay.

Claim 22

The coated paper of claim 15 wherein the monovinylidene aromatic monomer is styrene.

Claim 23

The coated paper according to claim 15 wherein at least 70 volume percent of the plastic particles have diameters in the range from about 0.2 to about 0.9 micron.

Claim 24

The coated paper of claim 15 wherein the organic polymer is a polymer consisting essentially of from about 75 to 100 weight percent of styrene from 0 to about 20 weight percent of acrylonitrile and from about 0 to about 5 weight percent of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and itaconic acid.