Aqueous method of microencapsulation and capsules

Claim 1

A METHOD OF FORMING WATER INSOLUBLE PARTICLES HAVING A CORE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A POLAR GROUP AFFORDING ORGANNIC MATERIAL AND A MEMBRANE CONSISTNG ESSENTIALLY OF AN INORGANIC SILICATE SURROUNDING AND REACTED WITH SAID POLAR GROUP OF SAID ORGANIC MATERIAL, WHICH METHOD CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF CO-MINGLING POLAR GROUP AFFORDING ORGANIC MATERIAL AND AN AQUEOUS COLLOIDAL SOLUTION OF INORGANIC SILICATE, SAID INORGANIC SILICATE BEING ESSENTIALLY THE ONLY REACTANT FOR SAID POLAR GROUPS AND BEING PRESENT IN AN AMOUNT AT LEAST SUFFICIENT TO REACT WITH POLAR GROUPS OF SAID POLAR GROUP AFFORDING ORGANIC MATERIAL TO FORM WATER INSOLUBLE PARTICLES WITHIN A CONTINOUS AQUEOUS PHASE, SAID PARTICLES HAVING A SIZE ABOVE COLLOIDAL DIMENSIONS, WHERE A. SAID INORGANIC SILICATE IS HECTORITE TYPE CLAY; AND B. SAID POLAR GROUP AFFORDING ORGANIC MATERIAL IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE ABILITY TO FORM WATER INSOLUBLE PARTICHES HAVING A SIZE ABOVE COLLOIDAL DIMENSIONS WHEN ADDED TO AN AQUEOUS COLLOIDAL SOLUTION OF SYNTHETIC LITHIUM HECTORITE CLAY AND TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE PEPTIZING AGENT, WITH CO-MINGLING, WHICH POLAR GRUP AFFORDING ORGANIC MATERIAL IS SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF (I) SIMPLE ORGANIC OMPOUNDS HAVING AT LEAST ONE POLAR GROUP; (Ii) ORGANIC HYDROPHILLIC COLLOIDS, AND (III) WATER EMULSION POLYMER LATEXES CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE MATERIAL FROM (I) AND (II), EXCLUDING THE WATER SOLUBLE CELLULOSE ETHER HYDROPHILIC COLLOIDS.

Claim 2

A METHOD OF FORMING WATER INSOLUBLE PARTICLES HAVING A CORE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A POLAR GROUP AFFORDING ORGANNIC MATERIAL AND A MEMBRANE CONSISTNG ESSENTIALLY OF AN INORGANIC SILICATE SURROUNDING AND REACTED WITH SAID POLAR GROUP OF SAID ORGANIC MATERIAL, WHICH METHOD CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF CO-MINGLING POLAR GROUP AFFORDING ORGANIC MATERIAL AND AN AQUEOUS COLLOIDAL SOLUTION OF INORGANIC SILICATE, SAID INORGANIC SILICATE BEING ESSENTIALLY THE ONLY REACTANT FOR SAID POLAR GROUPS AND BEING PRESENT IN AN AMOUNT AT LEAST SUFFICIENT TO REACT WITH POLAR GROUPS OF SAID POLAR GROUP AFFORDING ORGANIC MATERIAL TO FORM WATER INSOLUBLE PARTICLES WITHIN A CONTINOUS AQUEOUS PHASE, SAID PARTICLES HAVING A SIZE ABOVE COLLOIDAL DIMENSIONS, WHERE A. SAID INORGANIC SILICATE IS HECTORITE TYPE CLAY; AND B. SAID POLAR GROUP AFFORDING ORGANIC MATERIAL IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE ABILITY TO FORM WATER INSOLUBLE PARTICHES HAVING A SIZE ABOVE COLLOIDAL DIMENSIONS WHEN ADDED TO AN AQUEOUS COLLOIDAL SOLUTION OF SYNTHETIC LITHIUM HECTORITE CLAY AND TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE PEPTIZING AGENT, WITH CO-MINGLING, WHICH POLAR GRUP AFFORDING ORGANIC MATERIAL IS SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF (I) SIMPLE ORGANIC OMPOUNDS HAVING AT LEAST ONE POLAR GROUP; (Ii) ORGANIC HYDROPHILLIC COLLOIDS, AND (III) WATER EMULSION POLYMER LATEXES CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE MATERIAL FROM (I) AND (II), EXCLUDING THE WATER SOLUBLE CELLULOSE ETHER HYDROPHILIC COLLOIDS.

Claim 4

A method of forming water insoluble particles having a core consisting essentially of a polar group affording organic material and a membrane consisting essentially of an inorganic silicate surrounding and reacted with said polar group of said organic material, which method consists essentially of co-mingling polar group affording organic material and an aqueous colloidal solution of inorganic silicate, said inorganic silicate being essentially the only reactant for said polar groups and being present in an amount at least sufficient to react with polar groups of said polar group affording organic material to form water insoluble particles within a continuous aqueous phase, said particles having a size above colloidal dimensions where, I. said inorganic silicate is hectorite type clay; and II. said polar group affording organic material is characterized by the ability to form water insoluble particles having a size above colloidal dimensions when added to an aqueous colloidal solution of synthetic lithium hectorite type clay and tetrasodium pyrophosphate peptizing agent, with co-mingling, which polar group affording organic material is selected from the class consisting of a. simple organic compounds having at least one polar group; b. water soluble alkali metal carboxyalkylcellulose and water soluble alkali metal carboxyalkylhydroxyalkyLcellulose; c. water soluble polysaccharides; d. water soluble proteins; e. the water soluble resins: poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(ethyleneimine), poly(acrylamide), polyvinylpyrrolidone, sulfonated polymers, carboxylic polymers, their esters and their alkali metal salts, and maleic copolymer derivatives; f. water emulsion polymer latexes containing material from at least one of the above subclasses (a) through (e); and g. water soluble cellulose ethers.

Claim 5

A method of forming water insoluble particles having a core consisting essentially of a polar group affording organic material and a membrane consisting essentially of an inorganic silicate surrounding and reacted with said polar group of said organic material, which method consists essentially of co-mingling polar group affording organic material and an aqueous colloidal solution of inorganic silicate, said inorganic silicate being essentially the only reactant for said polar groups and being present in an amount at least sufficient to react with polar groups of said polar group affording organic material to form water insoluble particles within a continuous aqueous phase, said particles having a size above colloidal dimensions where, I. said inorganic silicate is hectorite type clay; and II. said polar group affording organic material is characterized by the ability to form water insoluble particles having a size above colloidal dimensions when added to an aqueous colloidal solution of synthetic lithium hectorite type clay and tetrasodium pyrophosphate peptizing agent, with co-mingling, which polar group affording organic material is selected from the class consisting of a. simple organic compounds having at least one polar group; b. water soluble alkali metal carboxyalkylcellulose and water soluble alkali metal carboxyalkylhydroxyalkyLcellulose; c. water soluble polysaccharides; d. water soluble proteins; e. the water soluble resins: poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(ethyleneimine), poly(acrylamide), polyvinylpyrrolidone, sulfonated polymers, carboxylic polymers, their esters and their alkali metal salts, and maleic copolymer derivatives; f. water emulsion polymer latexes containing material from at least one of the above subclasses (a) through (e); and g. water soluble cellulose ethers.

Claim 20

A method of forming water insoluble spheroids which method consists essentially of commingling about 25 volume parts of a liquid ester-alcohol of an eight carbon atom alkanediol and a four carbon atom alkanecarboxy acid with about 100 volume parts of an aqueous colloidal solution consisting essentially of about 3.6 weight parts of synthetic lithium hectorite type clay, 0.4 weight part of tetrasodium pyrophosphate, and the remainder water, to form water insoluble spheroids of said ester-alcohol within a continuous aqueous phase afforded by said solution, said spheroids retaining their discrete nature on storage at ordinary temperature within said continuous aqueous phase.

Claim 21

A method of forming water insoluble spheroids which method consists essentially of commingling about 25 volume parts of a liquid ester-alcohol of an eight carbon atom alkanediol and a four carbon atom alkanecarboxy acid with about 100 volume parts of an aqueous colloidal solution consisting essentially of about 3.6 weight parts of synthetic lithium hectorite type clay, 0.4 weight part of tetrasodium pyrophosphate, and the remainder water, to form water insoluble spheroids of said ester-alcohol within a continuous aqueous phase afforded by said solution, said spheroids retaining their discrete nature on storage at ordinary temperature within said continuous aqueous phase.