US3850799A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for flocculation of solids from aqueous suspensions
Assignee: Georgia-Pacific LLC
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Filing: 1973-11-02
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Granted: 1974-11-26
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Expires: 1993-11-02
Abstract
Abstract A process of flocculating finely divided solids from aqueous suspensions using water-soluble compositions of lignin crosslinked with polyoxyalkylene linkages are described. The compositions is prepared by reacting lignin with a polyoxyalkylene di-ester of a monosulfonic acid or a polyoxyalkylene dihalide to obtain high molecular weight compositions which are effective as thickening and flocculating agents.
Inventors
- 👤 C Ludwig
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 20:16
CPC Classifications
C; C02; C02F; C02F1/00; C02F1/52; C02F1/54
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
150 words
A PROCESS FOR THE FLOCCULATION OF SOLIDS FROM AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS OF FINELY DIVIDED SOLIDS, WHICH COMPRISES TREATING THE SUSPENSIONS WITH FROM 1 TO 1,000 PARTS PER MILLION OF A WATER-SOLUBLE COMPOSITION OF LIGNIN CROSS-LINKED WITH POLYOXYALKYLENE LINKAGES TO FLUOCCULATE THE FINELY DIVIDED SOLIDS DISPERSED IN THE AQUEOUS SUSPENSION, SETTLING THE FLOCCULATED SOIDS, AND SEPARATING THE FLOCCULATED SOLIDS FROM THE SUSPEN- SION, SAID COMPOSITION OF LIGNIN BEING CROSS-LINKED WITH POLYOCYALKYLENE LINKAGES TO THE EXTENT THAT THE LIGNIN COMPOSITION HAS AN INTRINSIC VISCOSITY GREATER THAN 0.2 DL/G, SAID LINKAGES HAVING A MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF FROM 120 TO 1,000 PREPARED BY REACTING THE LIGNIN AS AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION AT A CONCENTRATION OF AT LEAST 20 WEIGHT PERCENT WITH A POLYOXYALKYLENE COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF POLYOXYALKYLENE DI-ESTERS OF MONOSULFONIC ACIDS AND POLYOXYALKYLENE DIHALIDES UNDER ALKALINE CONDITIONS, SAID DI-ESTERS AND DIHALIDES HAVING OXYALKYLENE REPEATING UNITS OF FROM TWO TO FOUR CARBON ATOMS.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
150 words
A PROCESS FOR THE FLOCCULATION OF SOLIDS FROM AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS OF FINELY DIVIDED SOLIDS, WHICH COMPRISES TREATING THE SUSPENSIONS WITH FROM 1 TO 1,000 PARTS PER MILLION OF A WATER-SOLUBLE COMPOSITION OF LIGNIN CROSS-LINKED WITH POLYOXYALKYLENE LINKAGES TO FLUOCCULATE THE FINELY DIVIDED SOLIDS DISPERSED IN THE AQUEOUS SUSPENSION, SETTLING THE FLOCCULATED SOIDS, AND SEPARATING THE FLOCCULATED SOLIDS FROM THE SUSPEN- SION, SAID COMPOSITION OF LIGNIN BEING CROSS-LINKED WITH POLYOCYALKYLENE LINKAGES TO THE EXTENT THAT THE LIGNIN COMPOSITION HAS AN INTRINSIC VISCOSITY GREATER THAN 0.2 DL/G, SAID LINKAGES HAVING A MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF FROM 120 TO 1,000 PREPARED BY REACTING THE LIGNIN AS AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION AT A CONCENTRATION OF AT LEAST 20 WEIGHT PERCENT WITH A POLYOXYALKYLENE COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF POLYOXYALKYLENE DI-ESTERS OF MONOSULFONIC ACIDS AND POLYOXYALKYLENE DIHALIDES UNDER ALKALINE CONDITIONS, SAID DI-ESTERS AND DIHALIDES HAVING OXYALKYLENE REPEATING UNITS OF FROM TWO TO FOUR CARBON ATOMS.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process of claim 1 wherein the polyoxyalkylene compound reacted with the lignin in preparation of the lignin composition is a polyoxyalkylene di-ester of a monosulfonic acid.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
71 words
A process of claim 2 wherein the lignin is a lignosulfonate and the polyoxyalkylene di-ester is a polyoxyethylene di-ester prepared by reacting a polyethylene glycol with a sulfonic acid halide selected from the group consisting of alkane sulfonic acid halides having from one to six carbon atoms, cyclic hydrocarbon sulfonic acid halides having from three to six carbon atoms, and arene sulfonic acid halides having from six to 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process of claim 3 wherein the polyoxyethylene di-ester is prepared by reacting a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of 200 to 600 with tosyl chloride.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
147 words
A process for the flocculation of solids from aqueous suspensions of finely divided solids, which comprises treating the suspension with from 1 to 1,000 parts per million of a water-soluble composition of lignin cross-linKed with polyoxyalkylene linkages to flocculate the finely divided solids dispersed in the aqueous suspension, settling the flocculated solids, and separating the flocculated solids from the suspension, said composition of lignin being prepared by reacting the lignin with a polyoxyalkylene compound selected from the group consisting of polyoxyalkylene di-esters of monosulfonic acids and polyoxyalkylene dihalides in an aqueous medium under alkaline conditions, said lignin being reacted with the polyoxyalkylene compound to the extent that from 30 to 80 percent of the phenolic hydroxyl content of the lignin has been reacted, and said cross-linking linkages having a molecular weight of from 120 to 1,000 and oxyalkylene repeating units of from two to four carbon atoms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
147 words
A process for the flocculation of solids from aqueous suspensions of finely divided solids, which comprises treating the suspension with from 1 to 1,000 parts per million of a water-soluble composition of lignin cross-linKed with polyoxyalkylene linkages to flocculate the finely divided solids dispersed in the aqueous suspension, settling the flocculated solids, and separating the flocculated solids from the suspension, said composition of lignin being prepared by reacting the lignin with a polyoxyalkylene compound selected from the group consisting of polyoxyalkylene di-esters of monosulfonic acids and polyoxyalkylene dihalides in an aqueous medium under alkaline conditions, said lignin being reacted with the polyoxyalkylene compound to the extent that from 30 to 80 percent of the phenolic hydroxyl content of the lignin has been reacted, and said cross-linking linkages having a molecular weight of from 120 to 1,000 and oxyalkylene repeating units of from two to four carbon atoms.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process according to claim 5 wherein the lignin composition is prepared by intermixing the lignin with the polyoxyalkylene compound in a stoichiometric ration of from 0.35:1 to 1.5:1 of the polyoxyalkylene compound to the lignin, based upon the phenolic hydroxyl content of the lignin and reacted at a temperature in the range of 50* to 200*C for from one-fourth to 5 hours.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
55 words
The process according to claim 6 wherein the lignin composition is prepared by reacting an aqueous alkaline solution of lignin at a concentration of from 20 to 40 weight percent with the polyoxyalkylene compound until the lignin is cross-linked to the extent that the intrinsic viscosity of the cross-linked lignin is at least 0.1 dl/g.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 7 wherein the lignin is a lignosulfonate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 6 wherein the polyoxyalkylene compound is a polyoxyethylene di-ester of monosulfonic acid.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein the polyoxyethylene di-ester is prepared by reacting a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of 200 to 600 with a sulfonic acid halide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the lignin is a lignosulfonate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process according to claim 11 wherein the lignosulfonate is a lignosulfonate polymerized with a polymerizing agent forming linkages having from one to three carbon atoms to the extent that the intrinsic viscosity of the polymerized lignosulfonate is less than about 0.09 dl/g.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 12 wherein the lignosulfonate is polymerized with formaldehyde.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 11 wherein the lignin is an alkali lignin.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-11-25 | 1978-05-27 | 1978-11-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-11-25 | 1982-05-27 | 1982-11-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-11-25 | 1986-05-27 | 1986-11-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |