US3847596A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process of obtaining metals from metal halides
Assignee: Halomet AG
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Filing: 1972-02-22
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Granted: 1974-11-12
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Expires: 1992-02-22
Abstract
Abstract The invention relates to a process of producing a metal from a metal halide which comprises reduction of the metal halide with a reducing metal in a closed reactor. The temperature of the reaction is maintained above the melting point of the metal to be produced and at a vapor pressure at least at the vapor pressure of the halide melt formed during the reduction reaction.
Inventors
- 👤 G Holland
- 👤 R Nowak
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 04:02
CPC Classifications
C; C22; C22B; C22B34/00; C22B34/10; C22B34/12; C22B34/1263; C22B34/1268; C22B34/1272; C22B5/00; C22B5/02; C22B5/04; C22B5/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
163 words
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF A METAL CAPABLE OF BEING REDUCED FROM ITS HALIDE BY REDUCTION THEREOF WITH A REDUCING METAL, WHICH COMPRISES: A. INTRODUCING INTO A REACTION ZONE HAVING A CLOSED VAPOR SPACE A REDUCING METAL IN THE MOLTEN STATE AND A HALIDE OF SAID METAL TO BE PRODUCED; B. REACTING SAID METAL HALIDE AND SAID REDUCING METAL WITHIN SAID ZONE IN THE MOLTEN STATE, AS REACTION PRODUCTS IN SEPARATE LAYERS, THE METAL TO BE PRODUCED AND THE REDUCING METAL HALIDE C. MAINTAINING SAID REACTION AT A TEMPERATURE ABOVE THE MELTING POINT OF SAID METAL TO BE PRODUCED AND AT A VAPOR PRESSURE WHICH IS ABOVE ONE ATMOSPHERE AND AT LEAST AT THE VAPOR PRESSURE OF SAID REDUCING METAL HALIDE BY FEEDING INTO SAID REACTION ZONE BELOW THE SURFACE OF THE MOLTEN MASS, ADDITIONAL REQUIRED AMOUNTS OF EITHER OF SAID REDUCING METAL AND SAID METAL HALIDE; AND D. SEPRARTELY REMOVING SAID METAL PRODUCED AND SAID REDUCING METAL HALIDE FROM SAID REACTION ZONE.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
163 words
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF A METAL CAPABLE OF BEING REDUCED FROM ITS HALIDE BY REDUCTION THEREOF WITH A REDUCING METAL, WHICH COMPRISES: A. INTRODUCING INTO A REACTION ZONE HAVING A CLOSED VAPOR SPACE A REDUCING METAL IN THE MOLTEN STATE AND A HALIDE OF SAID METAL TO BE PRODUCED; B. REACTING SAID METAL HALIDE AND SAID REDUCING METAL WITHIN SAID ZONE IN THE MOLTEN STATE, AS REACTION PRODUCTS IN SEPARATE LAYERS, THE METAL TO BE PRODUCED AND THE REDUCING METAL HALIDE C. MAINTAINING SAID REACTION AT A TEMPERATURE ABOVE THE MELTING POINT OF SAID METAL TO BE PRODUCED AND AT A VAPOR PRESSURE WHICH IS ABOVE ONE ATMOSPHERE AND AT LEAST AT THE VAPOR PRESSURE OF SAID REDUCING METAL HALIDE BY FEEDING INTO SAID REACTION ZONE BELOW THE SURFACE OF THE MOLTEN MASS, ADDITIONAL REQUIRED AMOUNTS OF EITHER OF SAID REDUCING METAL AND SAID METAL HALIDE; AND D. SEPRARTELY REMOVING SAID METAL PRODUCED AND SAID REDUCING METAL HALIDE FROM SAID REACTION ZONE.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the process is continuous and said reaction temperature is maintained by preheating the reactants and controlling the feed rates of the reactants into the said reaction zone.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the reactants are continuously introduced into and the reaction products are continuously removed from said reaction zone.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the process is a batch process and the reactants are introduced in batch quantities, and the reactants are removed from the reactor in batch quantities in the liquid state.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the reaction products are permitted to cool in the reactor and are removed in batch quantities in the solid state.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal halide is titanium tetrachloride, the reducing metal is magnesium and the reaction temperature is maintained above the melting point of titanium at about 1,730*C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal halide is zinc bromide, the reducing metal is aluminum and the reaction temperature is about 500*C.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein an metal alloy is produced by reduction of a mixture of metal halides.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein an alloy is produced from a sequential reduction of different metal halides.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 1 wherein an alloy is produced by reduction of metal halide and adding an alloying elemental metal to said metal halide reduction reaction.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
162 words
A process for production of a metal capable of being reduced from its halide by reduction thereof with a reducing metal, which comprises: a. introducing a reducing metal and a halide of said metal to be produced into a reaction zone having a closed vapor space; b. reacting said metal halide and said reducing metal within said zone to obtain in the molten state, as reaction products in separate layers, the metal to be produced and the reducing metal halide; c. maintaining said reaction at a temperature above the melting point of said metal to be produced and at a vapor pressure which is above one atmosphere and at least at the vapor pressure of said reducing metal halide by feeding into said reaction zone below the surface of the molten mass, additional required amounts of either of said reducing metal and said metal halide; and d. separately removing said metal to be produced and said metal halide from said reaction zone.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
162 words
A process for production of a metal capable of being reduced from its halide by reduction thereof with a reducing metal, which comprises: a. introducing a reducing metal and a halide of said metal to be produced into a reaction zone having a closed vapor space; b. reacting said metal halide and said reducing metal within said zone to obtain in the molten state, as reaction products in separate layers, the metal to be produced and the reducing metal halide; c. maintaining said reaction at a temperature above the melting point of said metal to be produced and at a vapor pressure which is above one atmosphere and at least at the vapor pressure of said reducing metal halide by feeding into said reaction zone below the surface of the molten mass, additional required amounts of either of said reducing metal and said metal halide; and d. separately removing said metal to be produced and said metal halide from said reaction zone.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the process is continuous and said reaction temperature is maintained by preheating the reactants and controlling the feed rates of the reactants into the said reaction zone.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the reactants are continuously introduced into and the reaction products are continuously removed from said reaction zone.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the process is a batch process and the reactants are introduced in batch quantities, and the reactants are removed from the reactor in batch quantities in the liquid state.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 14 wherein the reaction products are permitted to cool in the reactor and are removed in batch quantities in the solid state.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the metal halide is tItanium tetrachloride, the reducing metal is magnesium and the reaction temperature is maintained above the melting point of titanium at about 1,730*C.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the metal halide is zinc bromide, the reducing metal is aluminum and the reaction temperature is about 500*C.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 11 wherein a metal alloy is produced by reduction of a mixture of metal halides.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 11 wherein an alloy is produced from a sequential reduction of different metal halides.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 11 wherein an alloy is produced by reduction of metal halide and adding an alloying elemental metal to said metal halide reduction reaction.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the process is continuous and said reaction temperature is maintained by controlling the feed rates of the reactants into the said reaction zone.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the process is continuous and said reaction temperature is maintained by preheating the reactants.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2828201A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-11-11 | 1978-05-13 | 1978-11-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-11-11 | 1982-05-13 | 1982-11-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-11-11 | 1986-05-13 | 1986-11-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |