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US3846527A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Production of inorganic fibers

Assignee: Bayer AG
•
Filing: 1972-04-25
•
Granted: 1974-11-05
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Expires: 1992-04-25
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Abstract

Abstract Inorganic fibers are produced by dry-spinning a solution, sol or dispersion of one or more metal compounds which would not normally be spinnable but which is rendered spinnable by inclusion of a small amount of a linear polymeric substance. The resulting fibers are subsequently heated to convert the metal compound to the oxide, carbide or nitride and to produce oxide, carbide or nitride fibers. The linear polymeric substance is characterized by a degree of polymerization in excess of 2,000 and is dissolved in the spinning dope in a concentration of 0.001 to 5 percent by weight.

Inventors

  • 👤 G Winter
  • 👤 M Mansmann
  • 👤 N Schon
  • 👤 H Schnoring

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-24 23:01
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/622; C04B35/62227; C04B35/62231; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S264/00; Y10S264/19; Y10S65/00; Y10S65/901

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim 289 words
A PROCESS FOR MAKING INORGANIC FIBERS FROM A LIQUID MEDIUM COMPRISING DRY SPINNING INTO AN EVAPORATIVE ENVIRONMENT A SOLUTION OR SOL CONTAINING ONE OR MORE INORGANIC FIBER FORMING COMPOUNDS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF NITRATES, SULFATES, ACETATES, OXALATES, FORMATES, TARTRATES, AND CITRATES CHLORIDES AND OXYCHLORIDES, OR SOLS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDROXIDE SOLS, OXIDE SOLS, PHOSPHATE SOLS, SILICATE SOLS, BORATE SOLS, TUNGSTATE SOLS AND MOLYBDATE SOLS, WHICH UPON HEATING YIELD AN OXIDE OR CARBIDE, OF AT LEAST ONE ELEMENT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF BE, MG, CA, SR, BA, RARE EARTHS, TH, U, TI, ZR, HF, V, NB, TA, CR, MO, W, MN, FE, CO, NI, ZN, B, AL, GA, SI, GE, SN, LI, NA, K, RB, CS, RE, RU, OS, IR, PT, RH, PD, CU, AG, AU, CD, IN, TL, PB, P, AS, SB, BI, S, SE AND TE, SAID COMPOUNDS BEING PRESENT IN A CONCENTRATION OF ABOUT 5 PERCENT TO ABOUT 60 PERCENT BY WEIGHT, EXPRESSED AS AN OXIDE, AND 0.01 TO 5 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF A LINEAR POLYMERIC FIBER-FORMING MATERIAL HAVING A DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION OF AT LEAST ABOUT 2000 SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF OLEFIN AND DIOLEFIN POLYMERS AND COPOLYMERS, POLYETHERS, POLYPHOSPHATES, KURROL SALTS, POLYMERS AND COPOLYMERS OF ACRYLAMIDE, METHACRYLAMIDE, METHACRYLMETHACRYLATE, ACRYLONITRILE, ACRYLIC ACID, METHACRYLIC ACID AND THEIR SALTS POLYVINYLACETATE, POLYVINYLALCOHOL, POLYVINYLMETHYLETHER AND COPOLYMERS WITH MALEIC ACID AND THEIR SALTS, THE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION AND THE AMOUNT OF SAID POLYMERIC FIBER FORMING MATERIAL BEING SELECTED TO PRODUCE A LIQUID MEDIUM HAVING A VISCOSITY OF 1-100 POISE AND A DEGREE OF SPINNABILITY OF AT LEAST 50 CM, AND HEATING THE DRY SPUN FIBERS TO A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENTLY HIGH TO CONVERT SAID INORGANIC FIBER FORMING COMPOUND TO AN OXIDE OR CARBIDE.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 289 words
A PROCESS FOR MAKING INORGANIC FIBERS FROM A LIQUID MEDIUM COMPRISING DRY SPINNING INTO AN EVAPORATIVE ENVIRONMENT A SOLUTION OR SOL CONTAINING ONE OR MORE INORGANIC FIBER FORMING COMPOUNDS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF NITRATES, SULFATES, ACETATES, OXALATES, FORMATES, TARTRATES, AND CITRATES CHLORIDES AND OXYCHLORIDES, OR SOLS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDROXIDE SOLS, OXIDE SOLS, PHOSPHATE SOLS, SILICATE SOLS, BORATE SOLS, TUNGSTATE SOLS AND MOLYBDATE SOLS, WHICH UPON HEATING YIELD AN OXIDE OR CARBIDE, OF AT LEAST ONE ELEMENT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF BE, MG, CA, SR, BA, RARE EARTHS, TH, U, TI, ZR, HF, V, NB, TA, CR, MO, W, MN, FE, CO, NI, ZN, B, AL, GA, SI, GE, SN, LI, NA, K, RB, CS, RE, RU, OS, IR, PT, RH, PD, CU, AG, AU, CD, IN, TL, PB, P, AS, SB, BI, S, SE AND TE, SAID COMPOUNDS BEING PRESENT IN A CONCENTRATION OF ABOUT 5 PERCENT TO ABOUT 60 PERCENT BY WEIGHT, EXPRESSED AS AN OXIDE, AND 0.01 TO 5 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF A LINEAR POLYMERIC FIBER-FORMING MATERIAL HAVING A DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION OF AT LEAST ABOUT 2000 SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF OLEFIN AND DIOLEFIN POLYMERS AND COPOLYMERS, POLYETHERS, POLYPHOSPHATES, KURROL SALTS, POLYMERS AND COPOLYMERS OF ACRYLAMIDE, METHACRYLAMIDE, METHACRYLMETHACRYLATE, ACRYLONITRILE, ACRYLIC ACID, METHACRYLIC ACID AND THEIR SALTS POLYVINYLACETATE, POLYVINYLALCOHOL, POLYVINYLMETHYLETHER AND COPOLYMERS WITH MALEIC ACID AND THEIR SALTS, THE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION AND THE AMOUNT OF SAID POLYMERIC FIBER FORMING MATERIAL BEING SELECTED TO PRODUCE A LIQUID MEDIUM HAVING A VISCOSITY OF 1-100 POISE AND A DEGREE OF SPINNABILITY OF AT LEAST 50 CM, AND HEATING THE DRY SPUN FIBERS TO A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENTLY HIGH TO CONVERT SAID INORGANIC FIBER FORMING COMPOUND TO AN OXIDE OR CARBIDE.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 35 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the linear polymeric substance is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide, kurrol salts, polyacrylamides, acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymers and their salts, polystyrene, polyisobutylene, poly-methyl methacrylate and polyisoprene.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 52 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the metal compound is a compound which decomposes readily under heat selected from the group consisting of nitrates, carbonates, sulfites, carboxylates and derivatives thereof, the solution, sol or dispersiOn is dry spun into a spinning column, and ammonia is fed into the spinning column during spinning.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 30 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the oxide or carbide is the oxide or carbide of at least one of Be, Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr, B, Al, P and Si.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 15 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of extrusion is about 15* to 60*C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 49 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the linear polymeric substance comprises a polymeric kurrol salt of the composition (K,M)PO3 with an inherent viscosity ln eta r/c of greater than about 15, M being at least one of Li, Na, Rb, Cs, NH4 or a substituted ammonium ion, K potassium.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 39 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the linear polymeric substance is a polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, polyacrylic acid and its salts, polymethacrylic acid and its salts, copolymers of acrylamide, acrylonitrile or methacrylamide and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and their salts.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 30 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the linear polymeric substance is a polystyrene, polyisobutylene, polyvinylacetate, polyvinylalcohol, polyvinylmethylether, polymethylmethacrylate, or copolymers of styrene or methylvinylether and maleic acid and their salts.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 17 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the linear polymeric substance is a polybutadiene, polybutene-1 or a polyisoprene.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 26 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the linear polymeric substance is a polymerization product of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxide or a copolymer thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 18 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein said liquid medium has a spinnability in excess of about 10 cm.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 44 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the spinnable liquid medium contains as gaseous solvating agent at least one of CO2, NO2, SO2, NH3, H2S, HF, HCl, HBr, or HI, which solvating agent volatilizes under the conditions of extrusion, thereby accelerating coagulation of the extrudate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 53 words
Process according to claim 7, wherein the linear polymeric substance is a polyacrylamide or an acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer with an acrylic acid content of from 0 to 100 percent or its lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium salts, the polymer having an inherent viscosity ln eta r/c of greater than about 4.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 25 words
Process according to claim 10, wherein the linear polymeric substance is polyethylene oxide, its limiting viscosity number ( eta ) being at least about 0.76.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 23 words
Process according to claim 8, wherein the linear polymeric substance comprises polystyrene having a degree of polymerization in excess of about 10 000.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 23 words
Process according to claim 8, wherein the linear polymeric substance comprises polyisobutylene having a degree of polymerization in excess of about 5 000.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 13 words
Process according to claim 8, wherein the linear polymeric substance comprises polymethyl methacrylate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 23 words
Process according to claim 8, wherein the linear polymeric substance is polyisoprene having a degree of polymerization in excess of about 10 000.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 87 words
Process according to claim 5, wherein the metal compound is, or upon treatment becomes, the oxide or carbide of at least one of Be, Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr, B, Al, P and Si, its concentration expressed as the oxide is about 5 to 60 percent by weight, the spinnability is in excess of about 10 cm, the solution, sol or dispersion contains about 0.01 to 2 percent by weight of the linear polymeric substance and it is dry spun at a temperature of about 15* to 60*C.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3529044A Cited
US3632709A Cited
US3652749A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1977-11-04 1978-05-06 1978-11-05 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1981-11-04 1982-05-06 1982-11-05 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1985-11-04 1986-05-06 1986-11-05 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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