US3844928A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Hydrocracking heavy hydrocarbonaceous materials in molten zinc iodide
Assignee: Shell USA Inc
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Filing: 1973-05-10
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Granted: 1974-10-29
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Expires: 1993-05-10
Abstract
Abstract High boiling and normally solid nitrogeneous hydrocarbonaceous materials are hydrocracked in a continuous phase molten salt mixture predominating in zinc iodide. The mol ratio of ammonia to zinc iodide is maintained at a value of from about 0.25 to about 0.75 in the hydrocracking zone. Ammonia, which is formed from the nitrogen of the feed stock, is continuously stripped from a slipstream of the salt mixture taken from the hydrocracking zone and a portion of the stripped ammonia is recycled to the hydrocracking zone to maintain the indicated ratio of ammonia to zinc iodide.
Inventors
- 👤 D Geymer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 17:56
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G1/00; C10G1/08; C10G1/086
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 6
Claim 1
Independent Claim
178 words
IN A CONTINUOUS PROCESS OF HYDROCRACKING COAL IN A HYDROCRACKING ZONE CONTAINING A CONTINUOUS PHASE CATALYST SYSTEM OF A MOLTEN SALT MIXTURE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF ZINC IODIDE CONTAINING A COMPATIBLE MELTING POINT DEPRESS AND, WHEREIN (1) THE FEEDSTOCK IS CONTACTED WITH THE MOLTEN SALT MIXTURE IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN AT A PARTIAL PRESSURE OF FROM ABOUT 500 TO ABOUT 5,000 PSIG AND A TEMPERATURE OF FROM ABOUT 300*C TO ABOUT 500*C, (2) OIL PRODUCTS ARE SEPARATED FROM THE MOLTEN SALT CATALYST SYSTEM, (3) RESULTING SPENT CATALYST IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE HYDROCRACKING ZONE AND ITS SEPARATELY REGENERATED WHEREBY AMMONIA COMPLEXED WITH ZINC IODIDE IS RREMOVED THEREFROM, AND WHEREIN (4) THE REGENERATED ZINC IODIDE IS RETURNED TO THE HYDROCRACKING ZONE, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES: MAINTAINING A MOL RATIO AMMONIA TO ZINC IODIDE OF FROM ABOUT 0.25 TO ABOUT 0.75 IN THE CATALYST SYSTEM IN THE HYDROCRACKING ZONE, THE MOLS OF AMMONIA CALCULATED AS THE NH3 CONTENT OF AMMONIA AND ZINC AMMONIA IODIDE COMPLEX, AND THE MOLS OF ZINC IODIDE CLACULATED AS THE ZNL2 CONTENT OF ALL ZINC IODIDE-CONTAINING SALT.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
178 words
IN A CONTINUOUS PROCESS OF HYDROCRACKING COAL IN A HYDROCRACKING ZONE CONTAINING A CONTINUOUS PHASE CATALYST SYSTEM OF A MOLTEN SALT MIXTURE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF ZINC IODIDE CONTAINING A COMPATIBLE MELTING POINT DEPRESS AND, WHEREIN (1) THE FEEDSTOCK IS CONTACTED WITH THE MOLTEN SALT MIXTURE IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN AT A PARTIAL PRESSURE OF FROM ABOUT 500 TO ABOUT 5,000 PSIG AND A TEMPERATURE OF FROM ABOUT 300*C TO ABOUT 500*C, (2) OIL PRODUCTS ARE SEPARATED FROM THE MOLTEN SALT CATALYST SYSTEM, (3) RESULTING SPENT CATALYST IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE HYDROCRACKING ZONE AND ITS SEPARATELY REGENERATED WHEREBY AMMONIA COMPLEXED WITH ZINC IODIDE IS RREMOVED THEREFROM, AND WHEREIN (4) THE REGENERATED ZINC IODIDE IS RETURNED TO THE HYDROCRACKING ZONE, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES: MAINTAINING A MOL RATIO AMMONIA TO ZINC IODIDE OF FROM ABOUT 0.25 TO ABOUT 0.75 IN THE CATALYST SYSTEM IN THE HYDROCRACKING ZONE, THE MOLS OF AMMONIA CALCULATED AS THE NH3 CONTENT OF AMMONIA AND ZINC AMMONIA IODIDE COMPLEX, AND THE MOLS OF ZINC IODIDE CLACULATED AS THE ZNL2 CONTENT OF ALL ZINC IODIDE-CONTAINING SALT.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
59 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the ammonia content, including complexed ammonia and ammonia bound as ammonium iodide, of the portion of the spent catalyst withdrawn and regenerated, is removed as ammonia from the zinc iodide, and a portion of the removed ammonia is returned to the hydrocracking zone to maintain the specified ratio of ammonia to zinc iodide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 1 wherein ammonia is incorporated in a mixture of the feed stock and the zinc iodide under substantially non-cracking conditions sufficient to provide the specified ammonia to zinc iodide mol ratio when the mixture is initially subjected to hydrocracking conditions.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the coal feed stock is supplied to the hydrocracking zone as a slurry of finely divided coal in a molten salt mixture predominating in zinc iodide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 4 wherein ammonia is incorporated in the coal-molten salt slurry under substantially non-cracking conditions to provide the specified ammonia to zinc iodide mol ratio when the slurry is fed to the hydrocracking zone.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-10-28 | 1978-04-29 | 1978-10-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-10-28 | 1982-04-29 | 1982-10-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-10-28 | 1986-04-29 | 1986-10-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |