US3844729A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Metals having wear-resistant surfaces and their fabrication
Assignee: Schwarzkopf Technologies Corp
•
Filing: 1972-03-22
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Granted: 1974-10-29
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Expires: 1992-03-22
Abstract
Abstract A metal article, such as a machine element or tool, composed of a metal base and an integral wear-resistant surface layer or coating consisting of one or more finely divided refractory metal oxides (e.g. zirconia and spinel) dispersed in a matrix of a refractory metal (e.g. molybdenum and alloys) with the matrix metal preferably constituting 40 to 70 percent of the volume of the components employed in the coating; optionally, a solid lubricant such as lead oxide or molybdenum sulfide is also dispersed in the coating layer. These articles are fabricated by depositing the coating components onto the metal base from a plasma jet while the matrix metal is in the molten state in order to thermally bond the surface layer to the metal base or substrate. Various techniques are used to facilitate feeding the components of the surface coating to plasma guns in convenient form, for example by the inclusion of a powdered metal oxide within an elongated tube of the matrix metal or by binding or cementing the powdered oxide to a rod of that metal.
Inventors
- 👤 H Beyer
- 👤 U Buran
- 👤 K Sedlatschek
- 👤 F Heitzinger
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 09:53
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C4/00; C23C4/04; C23C4/06; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/922; Y10S428/9265; Y10S428/932; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12014; Y10T428/12028; Y10T428/12063; Y10T428/12097; Y10T428/12104; Y10T428/12111; Y10T428/12139; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12771; Y10T428/12778; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2913; Y10T428/2933; Y10T428/294; Y10T428/2958
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
41 words
A METAL MACHINE ELEMENT HAVING A FRICTIONAL CONTACT SURFACE COATED WITH A THERMALLY BONDED WEAR-RESISTANT COMPOSITION APPLIED BY FLAME SPRAYING OR PLASMA GUN TECHNIQUE WHICH CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF AT LEAST ONE REFRACTORY METAL OXIDE FINELY DISPERSED IN A FLUX-FREE METAL MATRIX.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
41 words
A METAL MACHINE ELEMENT HAVING A FRICTIONAL CONTACT SURFACE COATED WITH A THERMALLY BONDED WEAR-RESISTANT COMPOSITION APPLIED BY FLAME SPRAYING OR PLASMA GUN TECHNIQUE WHICH CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF AT LEAST ONE REFRACTORY METAL OXIDE FINELY DISPERSED IN A FLUX-FREE METAL MATRIX.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
An article according to claim 1 in which the amount of said matrix metal is from 20 to 98 percent of the volume of the components used in depositing said coating.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
An article according to claim 2 in which said matrix metal is of the group consisting of molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, nickel, cobalt, steel and their alloys.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
An article according to claim 1 in which said oxide component is of the group consisting of zirconia, alumina, chromia, titania, thoria, beryllia, hafnia, magnesia, ceria and spinels.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
47 words
An article according to claim 1 in which said matrix metal is of the group consisting of molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, nickel, cobalt, steel and their alloys, and said oxide component is of the group consisting of zirconia, alumina, chromia, titania, thoria, beryllia, hafnia, magnesia, ceria and spinels.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
An article according to claim 5 in which said matrix metal component amounts to from 40 to 70 Percent of the volume of the components of said coating.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
An article according to claim 6 in which a steel substrate bears an integral surface coating consisting of zirconia finely dispersed in a metal matrix containing a major proportion of molybdenum.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
An article according to claim 1 in which said matrix metal contains at least a substantial proportion of molybdenum.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
An article according to claim 1 in which said oxide is of a group consisting of aluminum-magnesium spinel and chromium-iron spinel.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
An article according to claim 1 in which said coating consists essentially of zirconia finely dispersed in a molybdenum matrix.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
An article according to claim 1 in which said coating contains a solid lubricant dispersed therein.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
An article according to claim 11 in which said lubricant is of the group consisting of lead oxide, sulfur, molybdenum sulfide, carbon and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method of manufacturing the article of claim 1 which comprises flame or plasma spraying the coating components onto said metal substrate with said matrix metal in the molten state.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 13 in which flame spraying is employed in the deposition of said coating components.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 13 in which a mixture of powdered coating components is charged to a plasma gun for deposition by spraying.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method according to claim 13 in which powdered coating components are separately charged to separate plasma guns for simultaneous deposition on said metal substrate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method according to claim 13 in which the particles of a mixture of powdered coating components are consolidated into a mass and said mass is comminuted prior to spraying thereby preventing segregation of said components.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 13 in which an elongated body of matrix metal is melted.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method according to claim 18 in which said elongated body is a solid core of matrix metal provided with an adherent surface layer of a refractory metal oxide.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method according to claim 18 in which said solid core is dipped into a suspension of said oxide in a liquid and dried to form said adherent layer of refractory oxide.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 19 in which said elongated body is drawn to greater length prior to melting for spray deposition.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 13 in which the metal oxide for spray deposition is introduced as a powder contained within an elongated hollow metal jacket.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 22 in which said metal jacket is melted to supply said matrix metal.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 22 in which a hollow block of metal filled with said powdered oxide is reshaped into elongated form.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
41 words
A method according to claim 13 in which at least one of the components of said coating is at least partially consolidated as an elongated body prior to said deposition by extrusion as a powder in admixture with an extrusion assistant.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 25 in which further consolidation of said component is effected by sintering said elongated body prior to said deposition.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-10-28 | 1978-04-29 | 1978-10-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-10-28 | 1982-04-29 | 1982-10-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-10-28 | 1986-04-29 | 1986-10-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |