US3840868A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Intrusion detecting apparatus
Assignee: VIDAR LABOR Inc
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Filing: 1973-01-15
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Granted: 1974-10-08
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Expires: 1993-01-15
Abstract
Abstract The invention comprises of improvements in motion detecting apparatus, wherein, there is a lens for producing an image of a space under surveilence upon a retina of at least three sensory units spaced from each other in the focal surface of the lens. Each sensory unit comprises of two photoconductive cells, the cells having response characteristics in different but partially overlapping portions of the range of variations of illumination level. The cells are connected in series with a current limiting resistor and a first source of voltage. An output circuit from the sensory units is connected across the circuit including one of the cells and the current limiting resistor. Also included is a source of higher voltage connected through a fixed resistor in series with one cell and the current limiting resistor. The sensor units provide for automatic adaptation of the apparatus to changing levels of illumination of the imaged space. The invention further includes signal processing means for segregating the desired signals from other signals on the basis of their frequencies, a means for producing pulses of uniform energy content in response to signals, a capacitor for receiving the uniform energy pulses and producing a triggering voltage, and a triggering means having a predetermined threshold voltage for turning on the alarm. The invention still further includes a latching means for continuing the operation of the alarm once it is initiated, a reset means for automatically unlatching the apparatus at a predetermined time after the latching, a refresh means for increasing the time of latching in response to continued motion, and means for anticipating motion for a predtermined time interval after the reset operation, which if it occurs, will render the apparatus immediately responsive. The invention further includes means for delaying the arming of the apparatus and for indicating when the arming is being processed.
Inventors
- 👤 J Campman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 17:06
CPC Classifications
G; G08; G08B; G08B13/00; G08B13/18; G08B13/189; G08B13/1895
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
214 words
Apparatus for detecting motion within a predeterspace comprising: lens means for projecting an image of objects in said space; retina means for receiving said image and producing alternating current voltage pulses in response to motion of said objects in said image; comprising a plurality of sensory units spaced from each other at the focal length of said lens means, each sensory unit having at least two photosensitive cells, each cell having optimum light level response characteristics that cover a different range of changes in light level, but in which the characteristics overlap to cover the entire range of changes of light level from full sun-light to darkness; means for receiving said alternating current voltage pulses and for amplifying those alternating current voltage pulses having a frequency falling within a predetermined range of frequencies; unitizing means responsive to said amplified alternating current voltage pulses for producing direct current voltage pulses of uniform amplitude and duration; storage means for receiving said direct current voltage pulses of uniform amplitude and duration and for developing a triggering voltage; triggering means responsive to a predetermined level of voltage in said storage means to produce a triggering operation; and alarm means responsive to said triggering operation for producing an indication that motion of objects in said space has been detected.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
214 words
Apparatus for detecting motion within a predeterspace comprising: lens means for projecting an image of objects in said space; retina means for receiving said image and producing alternating current voltage pulses in response to motion of said objects in said image; comprising a plurality of sensory units spaced from each other at the focal length of said lens means, each sensory unit having at least two photosensitive cells, each cell having optimum light level response characteristics that cover a different range of changes in light level, but in which the characteristics overlap to cover the entire range of changes of light level from full sun-light to darkness; means for receiving said alternating current voltage pulses and for amplifying those alternating current voltage pulses having a frequency falling within a predetermined range of frequencies; unitizing means responsive to said amplified alternating current voltage pulses for producing direct current voltage pulses of uniform amplitude and duration; storage means for receiving said direct current voltage pulses of uniform amplitude and duration and for developing a triggering voltage; triggering means responsive to a predetermined level of voltage in said storage means to produce a triggering operation; and alarm means responsive to said triggering operation for producing an indication that motion of objects in said space has been detected.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
36 words
Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 further including; latch means responsive to the operation of said triggering means to maintain said triggering means in operation to latch said alarm means in its continuous operation mode.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
Apparatus as set forth in claim 2 further including; reset means for automatically discontinuing the operation of said triggering means for unlatching said alarm means a predetermined time interval after the latching thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
41 words
Apparatus as set forth in claim 3 further including; refresh means responsive to the direct current voltage pulses from said unitizing means for prolonging the time interval between the latching of said alarm means and the operation of said reset means.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
58 words
Apparatus as set forth in claim 4 further including; pulse anticipating means enabled during the latch mode of operation of said alarm means operable in response to each direct current voltage pulse from said unitizing means occuring within a predetermined time interval after the unlatching of said alarm means to cause a renewed operation of the alarm means.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
84 words
Apparatus as set forth in claim 5 further including; means for programming the arming of said apparatus to occur at a predetermined time interval after being initiated, said means comprising; a circuit which when energized applies a disabling voltage to said triggering means to prevent said triggering means from operating; means for energizing said circuit and said apparatus; a timing means to determine the interval during which said circuit remains energized; and indicator means in said circuit to indicate when said circuit is energized.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 further including; means for selectively varying the effective size of said retina, comprising switch means for rendering certain of the spaced sensory units inoperable.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
234 words
A sensory apparatus for detecting motion of objects in a predetermined space comprising: lens means for viewing said space and for forming images of the objects in said space; retina means for receiving said images caused by motion of objects in said space comprising; a plurality of sensory units spaced from each other at the focal length of said lens means, each sensory unit comprising; a first photosensitive cell having an optimum response at the higher levels of illumination; a second photosensitive cell having optimum response at the lower levels of illumination; a first resistor having a comparatively low resistance; a second resistor having a comparatively high resistance; a first and second source of energy the first having a low voltage and the second having a higher voltage; a first circuit means for connecting said first and second cells and said first resistor in series with said first source of energy; a second circuit means for connecting said second resistor, said second cell and said first resistor in series with said second source of energy; whereby the first cell is dominant in producing voltage pulses during high levels of illumination and the second cell is dominamt in producing pulses during low levels of illumination and both cells contribute to produce voltage pulses during medium levels of illumination, whereby voltage pulses of optimum strength are produced over the full range of changes in illumination level.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
234 words
A sensory apparatus for detecting motion of objects in a predetermined space comprising: lens means for viewing said space and for forming images of the objects in said space; retina means for receiving said images caused by motion of objects in said space comprising; a plurality of sensory units spaced from each other at the focal length of said lens means, each sensory unit comprising; a first photosensitive cell having an optimum response at the higher levels of illumination; a second photosensitive cell having optimum response at the lower levels of illumination; a first resistor having a comparatively low resistance; a second resistor having a comparatively high resistance; a first and second source of energy the first having a low voltage and the second having a higher voltage; a first circuit means for connecting said first and second cells and said first resistor in series with said first source of energy; a second circuit means for connecting said second resistor, said second cell and said first resistor in series with said second source of energy; whereby the first cell is dominant in producing voltage pulses during high levels of illumination and the second cell is dominamt in producing pulses during low levels of illumination and both cells contribute to produce voltage pulses during medium levels of illumination, whereby voltage pulses of optimum strength are produced over the full range of changes in illumination level.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
40 words
Apparatus as set forth in claim 8 wherein said second photosensitive cell has a response in the near infra-red region of the light spectrum, whereby the range of respOnse of the sensory means is extended beyond the visible light spectrum.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
124 words
A sensory unit comprising a plurality of photosensitive cells, each cell having a different sensitive material and optimum response over different portions of the range of change of illumination from full sun-light to darkness; a first source of voltage of one value; a current limiting resistor; means connecting said cells in series with said source of voltage and said current limiting resistor; a second source of voltage of higher value than the first of voltage; a fixed resistor connected in series with said second source of voltage, one of said cells and said current limiting resistor; and output means connected across one of said cells and said current limiting resistor; whereby voltage pulses of optimum strength will be produced for all levels of illumination.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
124 words
A sensory unit comprising a plurality of photosensitive cells, each cell having a different sensitive material and optimum response over different portions of the range of change of illumination from full sun-light to darkness; a first source of voltage of one value; a current limiting resistor; means connecting said cells in series with said source of voltage and said current limiting resistor; a second source of voltage of higher value than the first of voltage; a fixed resistor connected in series with said second source of voltage, one of said cells and said current limiting resistor; and output means connected across one of said cells and said current limiting resistor; whereby voltage pulses of optimum strength will be produced for all levels of illumination.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-10-07 | 1978-04-08 | 1978-10-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-10-07 | 1982-04-08 | 1982-10-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-10-07 | 1986-04-08 | 1986-10-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |