US3839797A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Paralleling system
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1973-06-14
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Granted: 1974-10-08
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Expires: 1993-06-14
Abstract
Abstract A dental paralleling system in which a Hall Effect sensor is carried by a dental handpiece and magnet is detachably fastened to a patient''s set of teeth and so oriented that the lines of force in the magnetic field are parallel to the cutting axes of converging or non-converging base surfaces and cylindrical bores to be prepared in one or more of the set of teeth. During cutting of the base surfaces or drilling of the bores, the Hall Effect sensor is positioned within the field of the magnet. Control means responsive to a Hall Effect potential condition detected in the sensor generates an audible or visible (or both) signal enabling the dentist to guide the cutting tool up and down and from side to side while the Hall Effect sensor remains positioned at some location within the magnetic field and aligned with the magnetic lines of force which are substantially parallel throughout a range of positions enabling the cutting tool to be used on opposite sides of a tooth or on different teeth in the set. By manipulating the dental handpiece to maintain the Hall Effect sensor aligned with these lines of force in response to the signal or signals during the cutting or drilling procedure, the axis of the rotary cutting tool can thereby be kept parallel with these lines of force enabling the dentist to prepare base surfaces on the sides of the teeth which either are parallel or converge in a precisely controlled manner, as desired, for positively supporting crowns and bridges, and enabling the dentist to drill precisely parallel cylindrical bores for receiving supporting pins.
Inventors
- 👤 R Randolph
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 21:24
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61C; A61C1/00; A61C1/08; A61C1/082; A61C19/00; A61C19/04; A61C19/055; A61C5/00; A61C5/80
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
167 words
In a dental paralleling system for preparing non-converging base surfaces and parallel cylindrical bores in a set of teeth; magnet means supported in fixed relation with respect to said set of teeth; a dental handpiece having a rotary cutting tool thereon; a Hall Effect sensor supported on sAid handpiece and movably positioned in the field of said magnet means where the magnetic lines of force are substantially straight and parallel when said cutting tool is in a working position on said set of teeth; and control means effective in response to orientation of said Hall Effect sensor within said magnetic field to generate an output signal indicating a condition of alignment of said Hall Effect sensor with said magnetic lines of force; whereby the axis of said cutting tool can be maintained at a selected angle relative to said parallel magnetic lines of force when preparing said base surfaces and parallel bores by guiding said handpiece to orient said cutting tool in response to said output signal.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
167 words
In a dental paralleling system for preparing non-converging base surfaces and parallel cylindrical bores in a set of teeth; magnet means supported in fixed relation with respect to said set of teeth; a dental handpiece having a rotary cutting tool thereon; a Hall Effect sensor supported on sAid handpiece and movably positioned in the field of said magnet means where the magnetic lines of force are substantially straight and parallel when said cutting tool is in a working position on said set of teeth; and control means effective in response to orientation of said Hall Effect sensor within said magnetic field to generate an output signal indicating a condition of alignment of said Hall Effect sensor with said magnetic lines of force; whereby the axis of said cutting tool can be maintained at a selected angle relative to said parallel magnetic lines of force when preparing said base surfaces and parallel bores by guiding said handpiece to orient said cutting tool in response to said output signal.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
73 words
In a dental paralleling system for preparing non-converging base surfaces and parallel cylindrical bores in a set of teeth, the combination of claim 1 in which: the axes of said cutting tool and Hall Effect sensor are parallel; whereby the axis of said cutting tool can be maintained parallel to said magnetic lines of force when preparing said base surfaces and parallel bores by guiding said handpiece in response to said output signal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
54 words
In a dental paralleling system for preparing non-converging base surfaces and parallel cylindrical bores in a set of teeth, the combination of claim 1 in which: said magnet means is angularly adjustable relative to said teeth to establish a predetermined direction of movement of said cutting tool parallel to said magnetic lines of force.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
204 words
In a dental paralleling system for preparing non-converging base surfaces and parallel cylindrical bores in a set of teeth; magnet means; a first supporting means for mounting said magnet means relative to a set of teeth; a dental handpiece having a rotary cutting tool thereon; a Hall Effect sensor; a second supporting means for mounting said Hall Effect sensor on said handpiece positionable in a specific portion of the field of said magnet means where the magnetic lines of force are substantially straight and parallel when said cutting tool is in a working position on said set of teeth; means for adjusting said first supporting means to lock said magnet means in position to orient said magnetic lines of force parallel to a predetermined working direction; and control means effective in response to orientation of said Hall Effect sensor within said magnetic field to generate an output signal indicating a condition of axial alignment of said sensor with said magnetic lines of force; whereby the rotary axis of said cutting tool can be maintained at a selected angle relative to said magnetic lines of force during the preparation of said base surfaces and bores by guiding said handpiece in response to said output signal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
204 words
In a dental paralleling system for preparing non-converging base surfaces and parallel cylindrical bores in a set of teeth; magnet means; a first supporting means for mounting said magnet means relative to a set of teeth; a dental handpiece having a rotary cutting tool thereon; a Hall Effect sensor; a second supporting means for mounting said Hall Effect sensor on said handpiece positionable in a specific portion of the field of said magnet means where the magnetic lines of force are substantially straight and parallel when said cutting tool is in a working position on said set of teeth; means for adjusting said first supporting means to lock said magnet means in position to orient said magnetic lines of force parallel to a predetermined working direction; and control means effective in response to orientation of said Hall Effect sensor within said magnetic field to generate an output signal indicating a condition of axial alignment of said sensor with said magnetic lines of force; whereby the rotary axis of said cutting tool can be maintained at a selected angle relative to said magnetic lines of force during the preparation of said base surfaces and bores by guiding said handpiece in response to said output signal.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
56 words
In a dental paralleling system for preparing non-converging base surfaces and parallel cylindrical bores in a set of teeth, the combination of claim 4 in which: said magnet means includes a pair of parallel arms of opposite magnetic polarity defining a throat with said substantially straight and parallel magnetic lines of force extending between said arms.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
93 words
In a dental paralleling system for preparing non-converging base surfaces and parallel cylindrical bores in a set of teeth, the combination of claim 4 in which: said first supporting means includes an elongated member extending between said magnet means and said set of teeth enabling said magnet means to be positioned externally of said set of teeth; and said second supporting means includes an elongated member extending between said Hall Effect sensor and said handpiece enabling said sensor to be positioned in the field of said magnet externally of said set of teeth.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
69 words
In a dental paralleling system for preparing non-converging base surfaces and parallel cylindrical bores in a set of teeth, the combination of claim 4 in which said Hall Effect sensor is positioned on said handpiece at an orientatioN enabling the axis of said rotary cutting tool to be parallel to said magnetic lines of force when the cutting tool is in said working position on said set of teeth.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
178 words
In a paralleling system for maintaining a predetermined orientation of a rotary cutting tool in a plurality of working positions on a work object: magnet means supported on said work object; a movable member having said rotary cutting tool mounted thereon; a Hall Effect sensor supported on said movable member and positioned for movement in the field of said magnet means where the magnetic lines of force are substantially straight and parallel when said cutting tool is in a working position on said work object; and control means effective in response to orientation of said Hall Effect sensor within said magnetic field to generate an output signal indicating a condition of alignment of said Hall Effect sensor with said magnetic lines of force; whereby the axis of said cutting tool can be maintained at a selected angle relative to said parallel magnetic lines of force when said rotary cutting tool is moved to said plurality of working positions on said work object by guiding said movable member to orient said cutting tool in response to said output signal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
178 words
In a paralleling system for maintaining a predetermined orientation of a rotary cutting tool in a plurality of working positions on a work object: magnet means supported on said work object; a movable member having said rotary cutting tool mounted thereon; a Hall Effect sensor supported on said movable member and positioned for movement in the field of said magnet means where the magnetic lines of force are substantially straight and parallel when said cutting tool is in a working position on said work object; and control means effective in response to orientation of said Hall Effect sensor within said magnetic field to generate an output signal indicating a condition of alignment of said Hall Effect sensor with said magnetic lines of force; whereby the axis of said cutting tool can be maintained at a selected angle relative to said parallel magnetic lines of force when said rotary cutting tool is moved to said plurality of working positions on said work object by guiding said movable member to orient said cutting tool in response to said output signal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
93 words
In a paralleling system for maintaining a predetermined orientation of a rotary cutting tool in a plurality of working positions on a work object, the combination of claim 8 in which: the axes of said cutting tool and Hall Effect sensor are parallel; whereby the axis of said cutting tool can be maintained parallel to said magnetic lines of force when said rotary cutting tool is moved to said plurality of working positions on said work object by guiding said movable member to orient said cutting tool in response to said output signal.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
41 words
In a paralleling system the combination of claim 8 in which: said magnet means includes a pair of parallel arms of opposite magnetic polarity defining a throat with said substantially straight and parallel magnetic lines of force extending between said arms.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
66 words
In a paralleling system the combination of claim 8 in which: said Hall Effect sensor includes conductive strip means oriented edgewise to said magnet means parallel to said magnetic lines of force when said cutting tool is in a working position on said work object, and said control means is effective to generate an output signal condition to indicate said edgewise orientation of said strip means.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
91 words
In a paralleling system, the combination of claim 8 in which: said Hall Effect sensor comprises a plurality of electrically conductive strips, means for directing an electric current lengthwise of each said strip to generate a Hall Effect potential across the edges of said strip; and said control means includes means for detecting a Hall Effect potential across any of said strips in response to angular orientation of said sensor within said field of said magnet means, and means for generating said output signal in response to said Hall Effect potential.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
In a paralleling system, the combination of claim 12 in which said Hall Effect sensor includes two of said electrically conductive strips at substantially right angles to each other.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
49 words
In a paralleling system, the combination of claim 8 in which said magnet means comprises a horseshoe magnet including a pair of parallel arms, each of said arms consisting of a plurality of individual permanent magnets to provide said magnetic lines of force in the throat between said arms.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
175 words
In a paralleling system for maintaining a predetermined orientation of a rotary cutting tool in a plurality of working positions on a work object; magnet means supported on said work object; a movable member having said rotary cutting tool mounted thereon; a magnetic sensor supported on said movable member and positioned for movement in the field of said magnet means where the magnetic lines of force are substantialLy straight and parallel when said cutting tool is in a working position on said work object; and control means effective in response to orientation of said magnetic sensor within said magnetic field to generate an output signal indicating a condition of alignment of said magnetic sensor with said magnetic lines of force; whereby the axis of said cutting tool can be maintained at a selected angle relative to said parallel magnetic lines of force when said rotary cutting tool is moved to said plurality of working positions on said work object by guiding said movable member to orient said cutting tool in response to said output signal.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
175 words
In a paralleling system for maintaining a predetermined orientation of a rotary cutting tool in a plurality of working positions on a work object; magnet means supported on said work object; a movable member having said rotary cutting tool mounted thereon; a magnetic sensor supported on said movable member and positioned for movement in the field of said magnet means where the magnetic lines of force are substantialLy straight and parallel when said cutting tool is in a working position on said work object; and control means effective in response to orientation of said magnetic sensor within said magnetic field to generate an output signal indicating a condition of alignment of said magnetic sensor with said magnetic lines of force; whereby the axis of said cutting tool can be maintained at a selected angle relative to said parallel magnetic lines of force when said rotary cutting tool is moved to said plurality of working positions on said work object by guiding said movable member to orient said cutting tool in response to said output signal.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3417471A
Cited
US3462842A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-10-07 | 1978-04-08 | 1978-10-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-10-07 | 1982-04-08 | 1982-10-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-10-07 | 1986-04-08 | 1986-10-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |