US3827675A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Oscillating bellows
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1972-04-06
•
Granted: 1974-08-06
•
Expires: 1992-04-06
Abstract
Abstract One or more bellows are driven in an oscillatory manner in response to a mass of compressible fluid that is cyclically heated and cooled. The fluid is heated in a thermal lag heating chamber in fluid flow relationship with the bellows which cools the fluid. Cooling of the bellows, and therefore the fluid within the bellows, is augmented by fans blowing cool air over the folds of the bellows. An optical chamber for analyzing gas being pumped by the bellows is provided.
Inventors
- 👤 M Schuman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 18:46
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N21/00; G01N21/17; G01N21/25; G01N21/31; G01N21/35; G01N21/3504; G01N21/3518
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 101
Claim 1
Independent Claim
94 words
An oscillating device comprising a chamber containing compressible fluid, an independent heat source for heating a portion of the chamber, a bellows, means for connecting the chamber and the bellows in a fluid flow relationship, and means, including the heating of fluid flowing into the chamber and the cooling of fluid flowing into the bellows, for sustaining oscillation of the bellows, wherein the variable exposure of thermal lag passageways formed by the bellows folds is the primary means for reducing the pressure of the fluid in the chamber as the bellows volume is decreasing.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
94 words
An oscillating device comprising a chamber containing compressible fluid, an independent heat source for heating a portion of the chamber, a bellows, means for connecting the chamber and the bellows in a fluid flow relationship, and means, including the heating of fluid flowing into the chamber and the cooling of fluid flowing into the bellows, for sustaining oscillation of the bellows, wherein the variable exposure of thermal lag passageways formed by the bellows folds is the primary means for reducing the pressure of the fluid in the chamber as the bellows volume is decreasing.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
The device of claim 1 wherein the means for cooling includes fan means for producing an external flow of cool fluid proximate to the bellows.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The device of claim 1 wherein the heated portion is shaped to form fluid passageway means.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The device of claim 3 wherein the heated passageway means includes at least one elongated passageway having an average length substantially greater than its average width.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The device of claim 3 wherein the heated passageway means includes at least one elongated passageway having an average breadth substantially greater than its average width.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
The device of claim 3 wherein the heated passageway means includes at least one passageway having an average length and an average breadth which are each substantially greater than its average width.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The device of claim 3 wherein the heated passageway means includes at least one elongated passageway having a width which is subsTantially constant throughout its length.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
The device of claim 1 further including regenerator means located between the heated portion and the bellows.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The device of claim 1 further including means for controlling the oscillation.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
The device of claim 9 wherein the means for controlling includes means for varying the rate at which heat is supplied to the heated portion.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The device of claim 9 wherein the means for controlling includes means including a fan for varying the average temperature of the bellows.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The device of claim 9 wherein the means for controlling includes means for monitoring pressure variations resulting from oscillation of the bellows.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
The device of claim 1 further including a second chamber connected in fluid flow relationship with the fluid containing chamber, whereby heated fluid flows into and out of the second chamber.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
33 words
The device of claim 13 wherein the second chamber is an optical chamber containing one or more optical windows for transmitting spectral radiance variations derived at least in part from the heated fluid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
30 words
The device of claim 1 further including a second bellows connected in a fluid flow relationship with the chamber, whereby synchronous oscillation of the first and second bellows is obtained.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The device of claim 1 further including a starter pump for initiating the oscillation.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
68 words
The device of claim 1 wherein the bellows is within a second chamber containing cool fluid, whereby the means for sustaining further includes the exposure of the cool fluid to the bellows folds when the bellows is expanded, wherein the bellows folds are heated on one side by fluid flowing from the heated portion and are cooled on the other side by cool fluid in the second chamber.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
45 words
The device of claim 17 wherein a portion of the second chamber is shaped to form an optical chamber including means for enabling variations in spectral radiance, resulting at least in part from fluid flowing in and out of the optical chamber, to be monitored.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
The device of claim 1 wherein the heated portion is within the bellows.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
126 words
The device of claim 19 further including an oscillator comprising another chamber containing the compressible fluid, a heat source for heating a portion of the another chamber, another bellows, means for connecting the another chamber and the another bellows in a fluid flow relationship, and means, including the heating of fluid flowing into the another chamber and the cooling of fluid flowing into the another bellows, for sustaining oscillation of the another bellows, wherein the variable exposure of thermal lag passageways formed by the another bellows folds is the primary means for reducing the pressure of the fluid in the another chamber as the another bellows volume is decreasing, and means for connecting the device and oscillator in a fluid flow relationship for synchronized operation thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
The device of claim 1 further including a second chamber connected in fluid flow relationship with said device, whereby pressure variations are supplied to the second chamber.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
25 words
The device of claim 21 wherein the second chamber is an optical chamber designed for monitoring variations of spectral radiance produced by the pressure variations.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
The device of claim 1 further including valve means responsive to pressure variations in the bellows for pumping fluid.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
The device of claim 1 wherein the chamber is shaped to form an optical chamber suitable for monitoring variations in spectral radiance resulting at least in part from pressure variations of fluid within the optical chamber.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
40 words
The device of claim 1 further including an optical chamber located between the heated portion and the bellows, said optical chamber being suitable for monitoring variations in spectral radiance resulting at least in part from the oscillatory gas flow therein.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
The device of claim 24 wherein the means for connecting includes optical stop means for attenuating radiation tRaversing the connecting means.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
21 words
The device of claim 25 wherein the means for connecting includes optical stop means for attenuating radiation traversing the connecting means.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
36 words
The device of claim 1 wherein the chamber is shaped to form an optical chamber suitable for monitoring variations in spectral radiance resulting at least in part from temperature variations of fluid within the optical chamber.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
38 words
The device of claim 1 wherein the chamber is shaped to form an optical chamber suitable for monitoring variations in spectral radiance resulting at least in part from pressure and temperature variations of fluid within the optical chamber.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
83 words
A spectrometric analyzer for enabling the presence of a constituent of a compressible fluid to be determined comprising a substantially fixed volume optical chamber, means for repeatedly forcing a hot mass of said fluid into the optical chamber and for withdrawing a hot mass of said fluid therefrom so that in response to the hot fluids being repeatedly forced into and withdrawn from the chamber there is derived a repeated variation in spectral radiance in the chamber, and means for detecting said variation.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
83 words
A spectrometric analyzer for enabling the presence of a constituent of a compressible fluid to be determined comprising a substantially fixed volume optical chamber, means for repeatedly forcing a hot mass of said fluid into the optical chamber and for withdrawing a hot mass of said fluid therefrom so that in response to the hot fluids being repeatedly forced into and withdrawn from the chamber there is derived a repeated variation in spectral radiance in the chamber, and means for detecting said variation.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
17 words
The device of claim 30 wherein the means for repeatedly forcing includes a thermally driven oscillatory device.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
17 words
The device of claim 30 wherein the means for repeatedly forcing includes a thermally driven oscillating bellows.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
103 words
A spectrometric fluid analyzer for enabling the presence of a constituent of a fluid to be determined comprising an optical chamber, means for repeatedly forcing a cool mass of the fluid into the optical chamber, means for heating at least a portion of the cool fluid within the optical chamber, means for withdrawing a mass of the fluid from the optical chamber, whereby there is derived a variation in spectral radiance in the chamber in response to the fluid masses being forced into and withdrawn from the chamber and the cool fluid being heated within the chamber, and means for detecting said variation.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
103 words
A spectrometric fluid analyzer for enabling the presence of a constituent of a fluid to be determined comprising an optical chamber, means for repeatedly forcing a cool mass of the fluid into the optical chamber, means for heating at least a portion of the cool fluid within the optical chamber, means for withdrawing a mass of the fluid from the optical chamber, whereby there is derived a variation in spectral radiance in the chamber in response to the fluid masses being forced into and withdrawn from the chamber and the cool fluid being heated within the chamber, and means for detecting said variation.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
19 words
The device of claim 33 wherein the means for repeatedly forcing cool fluid includes a thermally driven oscillatory device.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
The device of claim 33 wherein the means for repeatedly forcing cool fluid includes a thermally driven oscillating bellows.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
13 words
The device of claim 33 wherein the chamber has a substantially fixed volume.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
170 words
An oscillating device comprising a chamber maintained in a substantially closed condition during at least a portion of the oscillatory cycle, a compressible fluid in the chamber, a bellows forming a portion of the chamber and arranged so that expansion of the bellows tends to decrease the volume of the chamber, means for sustaining oscillation of the bellows, said sustaining means including means for heating the bellows to a temperature greater than chamber wall portions adjoining the bellows whereby: fluid is expelled from within folds of the bellows into the chamber while the bellows is contracting, and the expelled fluid is cooled by the adjoining chamber wall while the bellows is contracted and continues to be cooled as the bellows begins to expand, and fluid flows from the chamber into the folds of the bellows while the bellows is expanding, and the fluid in proximity with the bellows is heated by the bellows folds while the bellows is expanded and continues to be heated as the bellows begins to contract.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
170 words
An oscillating device comprising a chamber maintained in a substantially closed condition during at least a portion of the oscillatory cycle, a compressible fluid in the chamber, a bellows forming a portion of the chamber and arranged so that expansion of the bellows tends to decrease the volume of the chamber, means for sustaining oscillation of the bellows, said sustaining means including means for heating the bellows to a temperature greater than chamber wall portions adjoining the bellows whereby: fluid is expelled from within folds of the bellows into the chamber while the bellows is contracting, and the expelled fluid is cooled by the adjoining chamber wall while the bellows is contracted and continues to be cooled as the bellows begins to expand, and fluid flows from the chamber into the folds of the bellows while the bellows is expanding, and the fluid in proximity with the bellows is heated by the bellows folds while the bellows is expanded and continues to be heated as the bellows begins to contract.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
215 words
An oscillating apparatus comprising a chamber device having walls, a bellows device having walls in fluid flow relationship with the chamber device, means for sustaining oscillation of the bellows device, a compressible fluid within the chamber, said means for sustaining including means for heating walls of one of said devices and for cooling walls of the other device, whereby fluid flows from within folds of the bellows device to the chamber device while the bellows and folds are moving to a contracted state and fluid flows from the chamber device into the folds of the bellows device while the bellows fOlds are moving to an expanded state, the bellows folds and chamber device being thermal lag devices responsive to the means for heating and cooling and providing sufficient energy to maintain the bellows in oscillation so that the fluid flowing from the one device to the other device is cooled by the other device while the bellows folds are in one of said states and as the bellows folds begin to move toward the other state, and the fluid flowing from the other device to the one device is heated by the one device while the bellows folds are in the other state and as the bellows folds begin to move toward said one state.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
215 words
An oscillating apparatus comprising a chamber device having walls, a bellows device having walls in fluid flow relationship with the chamber device, means for sustaining oscillation of the bellows device, a compressible fluid within the chamber, said means for sustaining including means for heating walls of one of said devices and for cooling walls of the other device, whereby fluid flows from within folds of the bellows device to the chamber device while the bellows and folds are moving to a contracted state and fluid flows from the chamber device into the folds of the bellows device while the bellows fOlds are moving to an expanded state, the bellows folds and chamber device being thermal lag devices responsive to the means for heating and cooling and providing sufficient energy to maintain the bellows in oscillation so that the fluid flowing from the one device to the other device is cooled by the other device while the bellows folds are in one of said states and as the bellows folds begin to move toward the other state, and the fluid flowing from the other device to the one device is heated by the one device while the bellows folds are in the other state and as the bellows folds begin to move toward said one state.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
133 words
A spectrometric fluid analyzer for monitoring the concentration of a constituent of a compressible fluid comprising an optical chamber, fluid recirculation means for alternately and substantially periodically replacing a substantial amount of cool fluid in the chamber with hot fluid and a substantial amount of the hot fluid in the chamber with cool fluid, whereby there are derived a substantially periodic spectral radiant emission by the fluid in the chamber and a substantially periodic spectral absorption of radiant energy in the chamber by the fluid in the chamber in response to its changing temperature and concentration, said periodic emission and said periodic absorption being substantially out of phase with each other and adding vectorially to produce a resultant, substantially periodic, spectral radiant intensity variation in the chamber, and means for monitoring said variation.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
133 words
A spectrometric fluid analyzer for monitoring the concentration of a constituent of a compressible fluid comprising an optical chamber, fluid recirculation means for alternately and substantially periodically replacing a substantial amount of cool fluid in the chamber with hot fluid and a substantial amount of the hot fluid in the chamber with cool fluid, whereby there are derived a substantially periodic spectral radiant emission by the fluid in the chamber and a substantially periodic spectral absorption of radiant energy in the chamber by the fluid in the chamber in response to its changing temperature and concentration, said periodic emission and said periodic absorption being substantially out of phase with each other and adding vectorially to produce a resultant, substantially periodic, spectral radiant intensity variation in the chamber, and means for monitoring said variation.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
14 words
The analyzer of claim 39 wherein the optical chamber has a substantially constant volume.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
50 words
The analyzer of claim 39 further including a radiant source emitting radiant energy into the chamber for augmenting the intensity of radiant energy in the chamber, whereby energy from the source is substantially periodically absorbed in response to the alternate and substantially periodic replacement of the cool and hot fluids.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
28 words
The analyzer of claim 39 wherein the means for replacing includes a cooling chamber and a heating chamber each connected in fluid flow relationship with the optical chamber.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
28 words
The analyzer of claim 39 wherein the means for replacing hot fluid with cool fluid includes a cooling chamber connected in fluid flow relationship with the optical chamber.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
14 words
The analyzer of claim 43 further including fan means for cooling the cooling chamber.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
18 words
The analyzer of claim 39 wherein the optical chamber is an internally reflective, substantially random path, optical chamber.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
108 words
An electro-optical type fluid analyzer for analyzing a compressible fluid comprising an optical chamber having a highly reflective internal surface, means for alternately and substantially cyclically circulating cool and hot samples of the fluid through the chamber such that a substantial amount of the hot fluid in the chamber is swept from the chamber by cold fluid which replaces it and a substantial amount of the cold fluid in the chamber is swept from the chamber by hot fluid which replaces it, whereby there is derived a substantially cyclical variation in spectral radiance in the chamber in response to the alternate circulation, and means for detecting said variation.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
108 words
An electro-optical type fluid analyzer for analyzing a compressible fluid comprising an optical chamber having a highly reflective internal surface, means for alternately and substantially cyclically circulating cool and hot samples of the fluid through the chamber such that a substantial amount of the hot fluid in the chamber is swept from the chamber by cold fluid which replaces it and a substantial amount of the cold fluid in the chamber is swept from the chamber by hot fluid which replaces it, whereby there is derived a substantially cyclical variation in spectral radiance in the chamber in response to the alternate circulation, and means for detecting said variation.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
15 words
The analyzer of claim 46 wherein the volume of the optical chamber is substantially constant.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
23 words
The analyzer of claim 46 wherein the means for circulating includes a heating chamber connected in fluid flow relationship with the optical chamber.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
32 words
The analyzer of claim 46 further including a radiant source for augmenting the intensity of radiance within the optical chamber to thereby augment the irradiation of the sample in the optical chamber.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
23 words
The analyzer of claim 46 wherein the means for circulating includes a cooling chamber connected in fluid flow relationship with the optical chamber.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
14 words
The analyzer of claim 46 wherein the means for detecting includes synchronous detection means.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
25 words
The analyzer of claim 48 further including a radiant source emitting rAdiant energy into the optical chamber to increase the cyclical variation in spectral radiance.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
37 words
The analyzer of claim 48 wherein fluid circulated through the optical chamber is alternately recirculated between the optical chamber and the heating chamber and between the optical chamber and a cooling chamber external to the optical chamber.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
16 words
The analyzer of claim 46 wherein the optical chamber is a substantially random path optical chamber.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
144 words
An electro-optical type analyzer of a compressible fluid comprising an optical chamber, a cooling chamber external to the optical chamber, means for connecting the cooling chamber and the optical chamber in a fluid flow relationship, means for alternately recirculating fluid between the optical chamber and the cooling chamber, whereby recirculating fluid flowing into the cooling chamber is cooled in the cooling chamber, means including alternate cooling of fluid circulating through the optical chamber for substantially cyclically modulating the temperature and concentration of the fluid circulating through the optical chamber, wherein the cooling of the fluid in the cooling chamber is the primary cooling means for the alternate cooling of fluid circulating through the optical chamber; whereby there is derived a substantially cyclical variation in apectral radiance in the optical chamber in response to the modulation of the fluid, and means for monitoring said variation.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
144 words
An electro-optical type analyzer of a compressible fluid comprising an optical chamber, a cooling chamber external to the optical chamber, means for connecting the cooling chamber and the optical chamber in a fluid flow relationship, means for alternately recirculating fluid between the optical chamber and the cooling chamber, whereby recirculating fluid flowing into the cooling chamber is cooled in the cooling chamber, means including alternate cooling of fluid circulating through the optical chamber for substantially cyclically modulating the temperature and concentration of the fluid circulating through the optical chamber, wherein the cooling of the fluid in the cooling chamber is the primary cooling means for the alternate cooling of fluid circulating through the optical chamber; whereby there is derived a substantially cyclical variation in apectral radiance in the optical chamber in response to the modulation of the fluid, and means for monitoring said variation.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
16 words
The analyzer of claim 55 wherein the optical chamber is a substantially random path optical chamber.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
34 words
The analyzer of claim 55 wherein the means for modulating the temperature and concentration of the fluid circulating through the optical chamber further includes means for alternately circulating hot fluid through the optical chamber.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
25 words
The analyzer of claim 55 wherein the means for modulating the temperature of the fluid circulating through the optical chamber includes means for heating fluid.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
35 words
The analyzer of claim 55 wherein the means for modulating includes a heating chamber external to the optical chamber, and means for connecting the heating chamber and the optical chamber in a fluid flow relationship.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
18 words
The analyzer of claim 59 wherein the volume of the optical chamber is substantially constant during the cycle.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
17 words
The analyzer of claim 55 wherein the internal surface area of the optical chamber is substantially constant.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
36 words
The analyzer of claim 59 wherein the means for modulating further includes means for alternately recirculating fluid between the optical chamber and the heating chamber, whereby recirculating fluid flowing into the heating chamber is heated therein.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
32 words
The analyzer of claim 62 wherein the heating and cooling of fluid in the heating and cooling chambers, respectively, constitute the primary heating and cooling means for the modulation of the fluid.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
32 words
The analyzer of claim 55 further including a radiant source emitting electromagnetic energy into the optical chamber, said electromagnetic energy being absorbed by the fluid to augment the variation in apectral radiance.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
28 words
The analyzer of claim 55 further including means for connecting the cooling chamber in fluid flow relation with the optical chamber throughout at least most of the cycle.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
27 words
The analyzer of claim 55 further including means for connecting the cooling chamber in fluid flow relation with the optical chamber throughout substantially all of the cycle.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
36 words
The analyzer of claim 55 wherein the alternate recirculation of hot and cool fluid through the optical chamber is the primary means for modulating the temperature and concentration of the fluid circulating through the optical chamber.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
13 words
The analyzer of claim 55 including fan means for cooling the cooling chamber.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
22 words
The analyzer of claim 59 wherein the cooling and heating chambers each communicate with the optical chamber throughout most of the cycle.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
23 words
The analyzer of claim 62 wherein the cooling and heating chambers each communicate with The optical chamber throughout substantially all of the cycle.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
27 words
The analyzer of claim 55 wherein the variation in spectral radiance is substantially periodic, and wherein the means for detecting said variation includes synchronous detection and filtering.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
132 words
An electro-optical instrument for monitoring the concentration of a constituent of a compressible fluid comprising a substantially fixed volume optical chamber, a cooling chamber external to the optical chamber, means for connecting the cooling chamber and the optical chamber in a fluid flow relationship, means for alternately recirculating fluid between the optical chamber and the cooling chamber, whereby recirculating fluid circulating through the optical chamber and alternately into the cooling chamber is cooled in the cooling chamber, means including the alternate cooling of fluid circulating through the optical chamber for substantially cyclically modulating the temperature and concentration of the fluid circulating through the optical chamber; whereby there is derived a variation in spectral radiance in the optical chamber in response to the modulation of the fluid, and means for monitoring said variation.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
132 words
An electro-optical instrument for monitoring the concentration of a constituent of a compressible fluid comprising a substantially fixed volume optical chamber, a cooling chamber external to the optical chamber, means for connecting the cooling chamber and the optical chamber in a fluid flow relationship, means for alternately recirculating fluid between the optical chamber and the cooling chamber, whereby recirculating fluid circulating through the optical chamber and alternately into the cooling chamber is cooled in the cooling chamber, means including the alternate cooling of fluid circulating through the optical chamber for substantially cyclically modulating the temperature and concentration of the fluid circulating through the optical chamber; whereby there is derived a variation in spectral radiance in the optical chamber in response to the modulation of the fluid, and means for monitoring said variation.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
33 words
The instrument of claim 72 wherein the means for modulating includes a heating chamber external to the optical chamber, and means for alternately recirculating fluid between the optical chamber and the heating chamber.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
33 words
The instrument of claim 72 wherein the means for modulating includes a heating chamber and means for alternately circulating hot and cool fluid from the heating and cooling chambers into the optical chamber.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
17 words
The instrument of claim 74 further including a radiant source emitting electromagnetic energy into the optical chamber.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
25 words
The instrument of claim 73 wherein the heating chamber is in fluid flow communication with the optical chamber during at least most of the cycle.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
30 words
The instrument of claim 74 further including means for connecting the heating and cooling chambers in fluid flow communication with the optical chamber during at least most of the cycle.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
29 words
The instrument of claim 74 further including means for connecting the heating and cooling chambers in fluid flow communication with the optical chamber during substantially all of the cycle.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
17 words
The instrument of claim 72 wherein the means for monitoring includes means for synchronously detecting the variation.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
16 words
The instrument of claim 72 wherein the optical chamber is a substantially random path optical chamber.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
25 words
The analyzer of claim 62 wherein the heating of fluid in the heating chamber constitutes the primary heating means for the modulation of the fluid.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
15 words
The analyzer of claim 55 wherein the volume of the optical chamber is substantially constant.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
118 words
An electro-optical type fluid analyzer for analyzing a compressible fluid comprising a substantially constant volume optical chamber, means for repeatedly: (1) during a first time interval, forcing a cool mass of the fluid into the chamber while withdrawing a mass of the fluid from the chamber, and (2) thereafter, during a second time interval, forcing a heated mass of the fluid into the chamber and withdrawing a mass of the fluid from the chamber, whereby there is derived a substantially cyclical variation in spectral radiance in the chamber in response to the repeated forcing of the fluid into and withdrawal of fluid from the chamber, said variation being characteristic of the fluid, and means for monitoring said variation.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
118 words
An electro-optical type fluid analyzer for analyzing a compressible fluid comprising a substantially constant volume optical chamber, means for repeatedly: (1) during a first time interval, forcing a cool mass of the fluid into the chamber while withdrawing a mass of the fluid from the chamber, and (2) thereafter, during a second time interval, forcing a heated mass of the fluid into the chamber and withdrawing a mass of the fluid from the chamber, whereby there is derived a substantially cyclical variation in spectral radiance in the chamber in response to the repeated forcing of the fluid into and withdrawal of fluid from the chamber, said variation being characteristic of the fluid, and means for monitoring said variation.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
28 words
The analyzer of claim 83 further including a radiant source emitting radiant energy into the chamber to be absorbed by the fluid, whereby said radiance variation is augmented.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
23 words
The analyzer of claim 83 wherein the means for forcing heated fluid includes transfer of heat from a radiant source to the fluid.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
21 words
The analyzer of claim 85 wherein the radiant source emits radiant energy into the chamber to be absorbed by the fluid.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
13 words
The analyzer of claim 83 wheRein the chamber has a substantially constant geometry.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
16 words
The analyzer of claim 83 wherein the monitoring means includes means for synchronously detecting said variation.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
14 words
The analyzer of claim 83 wherein the chamber is a reflective, random path chamber.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
19 words
The device of claim 83 wherein the means for repeatedly forcing and withdrawing includes a thermally driven oscillatory device.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
19 words
The device of claim 83 wherein the means for repeatedly forcing and withdrawing includes a thermally driven oscillating bellows.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3516745A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-08-05 | 1978-02-04 | 1978-08-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-08-05 | 1982-02-04 | 1982-08-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-08-05 | 1986-02-04 | 1986-08-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |