US3820000A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and transformer/motor for charging batteries
Assignee: MC CULLOUGH CORP
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Filing: 1973-07-11
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Granted: 1974-06-25
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Expires: 1993-07-11
Abstract
Abstract Method and apparatus for utilizing the windings of a battery powered motor to charge the battery from an alternating current source. The effective electrical connection of the armature brushes is modified from a position encircling a minimum of the electromagnetic flux through the armature to a position encircling a maximum of the electromagnetic flux through the armature. The armature and field windings of the motor are thereafter utilized as a transformer to inductively couple energy from the alternating current source to the battery to effect the charging thereof. A square motor case is preferred to reduce the resistance losses in the windings and to increase flux coupling. Brush friction losses are reduced as light loads by varying brush pressure as a function of load current.
Inventors
- 👤 S Smith
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 12:10
CPC Classifications
B; B60; B60L; B60L53/00; B60L53/20; B60L53/22; H; H01; H01F; H01F30/00; H01F30/06; H01F30/10; H01F38/00; H01F38/18; H02; H02J; H02J7/00; H02J7/02; H02J7/70; H02K; H02K23/00; H02K23/02; H02K23/10; B60L2220/00; B60L2220/10; B60L2220/20; B60L2220/50; B60L2220/54; B60L2220/56; H02J2207/00; H02J2207/20; Y; Y02; Y02T; Y02T10/00; Y02T10/60; Y02T10/64; Y02T10/70; Y02T10/7072; Y02T90/00; Y02T90/10; Y02T90/12; Y02T90/14; Y10; Y10S; Y10S320/00; Y10S320/28
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 38
Claim 1
Independent Claim
236 words
Apparatus comprising: a two-pole compound d.c. motor having an armature winding, two shunt field windings, and a series field winding; a storage battery; a rectifier; an a.c. source; and, means for selectively modifying the effective position of the armature brushes of said motor between two predetermined positions and for selectively connecting said battery, said rectifier, said a.c. source, and said armature, series field, and shunt field windings to form one of two predetermined circuits, the first of said two predetermined circuits including said battery connected across a parallel circuit having in one leg thereof a series circuit including said two shunt field windings and in the other leg thereof a series circuit including said series field winding and said armature winding, the armature brushes of said motor being in a first one of said two predetermined positions whereby said motor may be driven by said battery, the second of said two predetermined circuits including said a.c. source connected in parallel with said two shunt field windings and further including said battery, said rectifier, said series field winding and said armature winding connected in series, the armature brushes of said motor being in the second of said two predetermined positions whereby said battery may be charged from said a.c. source with said parallel connected shunt field windings and said series connected series field and armature windings serving respectively as the primary and secondary windings of a transformer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
236 words
Apparatus comprising: a two-pole compound d.c. motor having an armature winding, two shunt field windings, and a series field winding; a storage battery; a rectifier; an a.c. source; and, means for selectively modifying the effective position of the armature brushes of said motor between two predetermined positions and for selectively connecting said battery, said rectifier, said a.c. source, and said armature, series field, and shunt field windings to form one of two predetermined circuits, the first of said two predetermined circuits including said battery connected across a parallel circuit having in one leg thereof a series circuit including said two shunt field windings and in the other leg thereof a series circuit including said series field winding and said armature winding, the armature brushes of said motor being in a first one of said two predetermined positions whereby said motor may be driven by said battery, the second of said two predetermined circuits including said a.c. source connected in parallel with said two shunt field windings and further including said battery, said rectifier, said series field winding and said armature winding connected in series, the armature brushes of said motor being in the second of said two predetermined positions whereby said battery may be charged from said a.c. source with said parallel connected shunt field windings and said series connected series field and armature windings serving respectively as the primary and secondary windings of a transformer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said two predetermined positions of the armature brushes of said motor are displaced on said armature winding by an angle of approximately 90*.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said rectifier is a full wave rectifier.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said two shunt field windings are substantially equal in ampere-turns.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus of claim 2 including means for varying the pressure of the armature brushes when in said first predetermined position as a function of motor load.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
87 words
Apparatus comprising: an electric motor having armature and field windings and armature brushes electrically connected so that the armature winding encircles minimum electromagnetic flux passing through the armature; first switch means by which a battery may selectively be electrically connected to said windings; a rectifier; second switch means by which a source of direct current may selectively be electrically connected to one of said windings; and, means for selectively electrically connecting said armature brushes so that the armature winding encircles maximum electromagnetic flux passing through the armature.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
87 words
Apparatus comprising: an electric motor having armature and field windings and armature brushes electrically connected so that the armature winding encircles minimum electromagnetic flux passing through the armature; first switch means by which a battery may selectively be electrically connected to said windings; a rectifier; second switch means by which a source of direct current may selectively be electrically connected to one of said windings; and, means for selectively electrically connecting said armature brushes so that the armature winding encircles maximum electromagnetic flux passing through the armature.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus of claim 6 including manually operable means for simultaneously operating said first switch means, said second switch means, and said means for electrically connecting said armature brushes.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
39 words
The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said means for electrically connecting said armature brushes to encircle maximum and minimum electromagnetic flux includes means for physically displacing said armature brushes by about one-half of the pole pitch of the motor.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
42 words
The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said means for electrically connecting said armature brushes to encircle maximum and minimum electromagnetic flux includes two sets of armature brushes and switch means for the mutually exclusive electrical connection of said sets of armature brushes.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
39 words
The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said means for electrically connecting said armaturE brushes to encircle maximum and minimum electromagnetic flux includes means for physically displacing said armature brushes by about one-half of the pole pitch of the motor.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
42 words
The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said means for electrically connecting said armature brushes to encircle maximum and minimum electromagnetic flux includes two sets of armature brushes and switch means for the mutually exclusive electrical connection of said sets of armature brushes.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 11 including means for preventing the simultaneous operable contact of said two sets of armature brushes with the armature.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
73 words
The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said means for electrically connecting said armature brushes to encircle maximum and minimum electromagnetic flux includes: a rocker arm pivotable from a first position in which one end thereof pressurally engages the motor armature to a second position in which the other end thereof pressurally engages the motor armature, said one end including an armature brush; and, means for selectively controlling the position of said rocker arm.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
65 words
The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said means for selectively controlling the position of said rocker arm includes: means for biasing said rocker arm into one of said first and second positions; and, lever means pivotable about the axis of the motor for mechanically overcoming the bias of said biasing means to pivot said rocker arm to the other of said first and second positions.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
62 words
The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said second switch means includes an elongated electrical conductor having a connector adapted for connection to a source of alternating current on one end thereof; and, including means for preventing the connection of said conductor to said source of alternating current when said rocker arm is in a predetermined one of said first and second positions.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said means for selectively controlling the position of said rocker arm includes a solenoid means.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
42 words
The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the current applied to said solenoid means is related to motor load whereby the force applied to said rocker arm when in a predetermined one of said first and second positions is related to motor load.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus of claim 16 wherein said second switch means includes an elongated electrical conductor having a connector adapted for connection to a source of alternating current; and, including means responsive to the current applied to said solenoid means for preventing the application of alternating current from said source to the windings of said motor.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said means for selectively controlling the position of said rocker arm includes permanent magnet means adjacent a pole of said motor.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
190 words
Apparatus comprising: a plural pole motor having an armature winding and field windings; a storage battery; a pair of input terminals; a rectifier; and, means for selectively effectively displacing the armature brushes of said motor by one-half the pole pitch of said motor and for selectively connecting said battery, said rectifier and said armature and field windings to form one of two predetermined circuits, the first of said two predetermined circuits including said battery connected across a parallel circuit having said field windings in one leg thereof and said armature windings in the other leg thereof whereby said motor may be driven by said battery, the second of said two predetermined circuits including said battery, said rectifier and one of said armature and field windings connected in series and further including the other of said armature and field windings connected to said input terminals, the armature brushes of said motor being displaced by one-half the pole pitch of said motor whereby said battery may be charged from alternating current applied to said input terminals with said armature and field windings serving as the primary and secondary windings of a transformer.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
190 words
Apparatus comprising: a plural pole motor having an armature winding and field windings; a storage battery; a pair of input terminals; a rectifier; and, means for selectively effectively displacing the armature brushes of said motor by one-half the pole pitch of said motor and for selectively connecting said battery, said rectifier and said armature and field windings to form one of two predetermined circuits, the first of said two predetermined circuits including said battery connected across a parallel circuit having said field windings in one leg thereof and said armature windings in the other leg thereof whereby said motor may be driven by said battery, the second of said two predetermined circuits including said battery, said rectifier and one of said armature and field windings connected in series and further including the other of said armature and field windings connected to said input terminals, the armature brushes of said motor being displaced by one-half the pole pitch of said motor whereby said battery may be charged from alternating current applied to said input terminals with said armature and field windings serving as the primary and secondary windings of a transformer.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
31 words
The apparatus of claim 20 wherein said effective armature brush displacing and said selective connecting means includes means for selectively preventing the application of an alternating current to said input terminals.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the case of said motor is generally square in cross section and laminated to reduce eddy current losses.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
43 words
The apparatus of claim 21 wherein said motor includes a series field winding wound in an overlying relationship to said field windings; and, wherein said series field winding is connected in series with said armature winding in both of said two predetermined circuits.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus of claim 20 wherein the case of said motor is generally square in cross section and laminated to reduce eddy current losses.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
116 words
A method of utilizing the windings of a d.c. motor as a transformer to charge a battery from an a.c. source comprising the steps of: a. connecting the battery to one of the armature and field windings of the motor through a rectifier; b. connecting the other of the armature and field windings of the motor to a source of alternating current; and, c. effectively positioning the armature brushes of the motor to a position where the armature winding encircles maximum flux so that alternating current from the a.c. source applied to said one of the motor windings is transformer coupled to said other of the motor windings for aplication to the battery through the rectifier.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
116 words
A method of utilizing the windings of a d.c. motor as a transformer to charge a battery from an a.c. source comprising the steps of: a. connecting the battery to one of the armature and field windings of the motor through a rectifier; b. connecting the other of the armature and field windings of the motor to a source of alternating current; and, c. effectively positioning the armature brushes of the motor to a position where the armature winding encircles maximum flux so that alternating current from the a.c. source applied to said one of the motor windings is transformer coupled to said other of the motor windings for aplication to the battery through the rectifier.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 25 wherein said one winding is the armature winding of the motor and wherein said other winding is the field winding of the motor.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 26 wherein the effective positioning of the armature brushes of the motor is obtained by physically displacing the brushes by one-half the pole pitch of the motor.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 25 wherein the effective positioning of the armature brushes of the motor is obtained by physically displacing the brushes by one-half the pole pitch of the motor.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 25 wherein the effective positioning of the armature brushes of the motor is obtained by removing one set of armature brushes from pressural engagement with the armature while substantially simultaneously pressurally engaging the armature with a second set of armature brushes.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 25 including the step of modifying the pressure with which the armature brushes of the motor engage the motor armature as a function of motor load.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
90 words
A method of utilizing the armature and field windings of an electric motor as a transformer comprising the steps of: a. effectively rotating the armature brushes of the motor by one-half the pole pitch of the motor; b. electrically connecting the armature winding to a pair of output terminals through the effectively rotated brushes; and, c. electrically connecting the field winding to a pair of input terminals whereby said one winding is the armature winding of the motor and whereby said other winding is the field winding of the motor.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
90 words
A method of utilizing the armature and field windings of an electric motor as a transformer comprising the steps of: a. effectively rotating the armature brushes of the motor by one-half the pole pitch of the motor; b. electrically connecting the armature winding to a pair of output terminals through the effectively rotated brushes; and, c. electrically connecting the field winding to a pair of input terminals whereby said one winding is the armature winding of the motor and whereby said other winding is the field winding of the motor.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
89 words
A method of utilizing the armature and field windings of an electric motor as a transformer comprising the steps of: a. effectively displacing the armature brushes of the motor from the null points to the points of maximum voltage; b. electrically connecting the armature winding to a pair of output terminals through the effectively displaced brushes; and, c. electrically connecting the field winding to a pair of input terminals whereby current applied to the input terminals is inductively coupled to the output terminals through the field and armature windings.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
89 words
A method of utilizing the armature and field windings of an electric motor as a transformer comprising the steps of: a. effectively displacing the armature brushes of the motor from the null points to the points of maximum voltage; b. electrically connecting the armature winding to a pair of output terminals through the effectively displaced brushes; and, c. electrically connecting the field winding to a pair of input terminals whereby current applied to the input terminals is inductively coupled to the output terminals through the field and armature windings.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-06-24 | 1977-12-24 | 1978-06-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-06-24 | 1981-12-24 | 1982-06-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-06-24 | 1985-12-24 | 1986-06-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |