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US3817634A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Testing of optically active substances by polarized radiation
Assignee: National Research Development Corp UK
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Filing: 1972-02-29
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Granted: 1974-06-18
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Expires: 1992-02-29
Abstract
Abstract In testing a sample of an optically active substance, the sample is irradiated with polarized electromagnetic radiation and the intensity of radiation scattered from the sample in a given direction is detected. The state of polarization of the incident radiation from which the detected radiation is derived is modulated, preferably by alternating it between right and left circular polarization, to cause a periodic variation of the detected intensity, and a signal related to this variation is derived.
Inventors
- 👤 L Barron
- 👤 A Buckingham
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 22:00
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N21/00; G01N21/17; G01N21/21; G01J; G01J4/00; G01J4/04; G01N2021/216; G01N21/47; G01N2021/4792; G01N21/62; G01N21/63; G01N21/65; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E30/00; Y02E30/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
100 words
A method of testing a sample of an optically active substance, the method comprising: detecting the intensity of a selected component of electromagnetic radiation which has been scattered in a given direction as a result of irradiation of the sample with polarized monochromatic light, said selected component being a component resulting from Raman scattering so as to have a frequency different from that of said monochromatic light; imposing a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident light from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
100 words
A method of testing a sample of an optically active substance, the method comprising: detecting the intensity of a selected component of electromagnetic radiation which has been scattered in a given direction as a result of irradiation of the sample with polarized monochromatic light, said selected component being a component resulting from Raman scattering so as to have a frequency different from that of said monochromatic light; imposing a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident light from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 1, in which the modulation alternates the effective state of polarization of said incident light between right and left circular polarization.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method according to claim 2, in which said monochromatic light is directed onto the sample in a second direction perpendicular to said given direction.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 3, in which said selected component is linearly polarized parallel to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 3, in which said selected component is linearly polarized perpendicular to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
114 words
A method of testing a sample of an optically active substance, the method comprising: detecting the intensity of a selected component of electromagnetic radiation which has been scattered in a given direction as a result of irradiation of the sample with polarized electromagnetic radiation which is directed onto the sample in a second direction perpendicular to said given direction, said selected component being a component which is linearly polarized parallel to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction; imposing a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident radiation from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
114 words
A method of testing a sample of an optically active substance, the method comprising: detecting the intensity of a selected component of electromagnetic radiation which has been scattered in a given direction as a result of irradiation of the sample with polarized electromagnetic radiation which is directed onto the sample in a second direction perpendicular to said given direction, said selected component being a component which is linearly polarized parallel to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction; imposing a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident radiation from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 6, in which the modulation alternates the effective state of polarization of said incident radiation between right and left circular polarization.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
114 words
A method of testing a sample of an optically active substance, the method comprising: detecting the intensity of a selected component of electromagnetic radiation which has been scattered in a given direction as a result of irradiation of the sample with polarized electromagnetic radiation which is directed onto the sample in a second direction perpendicular to said given direction, said selected component being a component which is linearly polarized perpendicular to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction; imposing a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident radiation from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
114 words
A method of testing a sample of an optically active substance, the method comprising: detecting the intensity of a selected component of electromagnetic radiation which has been scattered in a given direction as a result of irradiation of the sample with polarized electromagnetic radiation which is directed onto the sample in a second direction perpendicular to said given direction, said selected component being a component which is linearly polarized perpendicular to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction; imposing a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident radiation from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 8, in which the modulation alternates the effective state of polarization of said incident radiation between right and left circular polarization.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
156 words
An apparatus for use in testing a sample of an optically active substance, the apparatus comprising: a detection system for detecting the intensity of electromagnetic radiation travelling from the sample in a given direction; means for irradiating the sample with polarized monochromatic light so that radiation will be scattered from the sample in said given direction; selecting means operative to render said detection system responsive only to a selected component of the radiation scattered in said given direction, said selecting means incorporating a monochromator disposed in the path of the radiation scattered in said given direction and operative to select light having a given frequency corresponding to a component of the Raman spectrum of the scattered radiation; modulating means operative to impose a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident light from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and means for deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
156 words
An apparatus for use in testing a sample of an optically active substance, the apparatus comprising: a detection system for detecting the intensity of electromagnetic radiation travelling from the sample in a given direction; means for irradiating the sample with polarized monochromatic light so that radiation will be scattered from the sample in said given direction; selecting means operative to render said detection system responsive only to a selected component of the radiation scattered in said given direction, said selecting means incorporating a monochromator disposed in the path of the radiation scattered in said given direction and operative to select light having a given frequency corresponding to a component of the Raman spectrum of the scattered radiation; modulating means operative to impose a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident light from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and means for deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
An apparatus according to claim 10, in which said modulating means is operative to alternate the effective state of polarization of said incident light betweEn right and left circular polarization.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
30 words
An apparatus according to claim 11, in which said irradiating means is operative to direct said monochromatic light onto the sample in a second direction perpendicular to said given direction.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
79 words
An apparatus according to claim 12, in which said irradiating means is operative to irradiate the sample continuously with a single beam of light which is initially polarized at an angle of 45* to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction, and said modulating means comprises a modulating device through which said beam passes before falling on the sample and which changes the state of polarisation of said beam alternately to right and left circular polarisation.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
48 words
An apparatus according to claim 12, in which said selecting means further incorporates a polariser disposed in the path of the radiation scattered in said given direction and operative to select radiation which is linearly polarised parallel to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
48 words
An apparatus according to claim 12, in which said selecting means further incorporates a polariser disposed in the path of the radiation scattered in said given direction and operative to select radiation which is linearly polarised perpendicular to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
171 words
An apparatus for use in testing a sample of an optically active substance, the apparatus comprising: a detection system for detecting the intensity of electromagnetic radiation travelling from the sample in a given direction; means for irradiating the sample with polarised electromagnetic radiation which is directed onto the sample in a second direction perpendicular to said given direction so that radiation will be scattered from the sample in said given direction; selecting means operative to render said detection system responsive only to a selected component of the radiation scattered in said given direction, said selecting means incorporating a polariser disposed in the path of the radiation scattered in said given direction and operative to select radiation which is linearly polarised parallel to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction; modulating means operative to impose a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident radiation from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and means for deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
171 words
An apparatus for use in testing a sample of an optically active substance, the apparatus comprising: a detection system for detecting the intensity of electromagnetic radiation travelling from the sample in a given direction; means for irradiating the sample with polarised electromagnetic radiation which is directed onto the sample in a second direction perpendicular to said given direction so that radiation will be scattered from the sample in said given direction; selecting means operative to render said detection system responsive only to a selected component of the radiation scattered in said given direction, said selecting means incorporating a polariser disposed in the path of the radiation scattered in said given direction and operative to select radiation which is linearly polarised parallel to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction; modulating means operative to impose a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident radiation from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and means for deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
30 words
An apparatus according to claim 16, in which said modulating means is operative to alternate the effective state of polarisation of said incident radiation between right and left circular polarisation.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
171 words
An apparatus for use in testing a sample of an optically active substance, the apparatus comprising: a detection system for detecting the intensity of electromagnetic radiation travelling from the sample in a given direction; means for irradiating the sample with polarised electromagnetic radiation which is directed onto the sample in a second direction perpendicular to said given direction so that radiation will be scattered from the sample in said given direction; selecting means operative to render said detection system responsive only to a selected component of the radiation scattered in said given direction, said selecting means incorporating a polariser disposed in the path of the radiation scattered in said given direction and operative to select radiation which is linearly polarised perpendicular to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction; modulating means operative to impose a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident radiation from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and means for deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
171 words
An apparatus for use in testing a sample of an optically active substance, the apparatus comprising: a detection system for detecting the intensity of electromagnetic radiation travelling from the sample in a given direction; means for irradiating the sample with polarised electromagnetic radiation which is directed onto the sample in a second direction perpendicular to said given direction so that radiation will be scattered from the sample in said given direction; selecting means operative to render said detection system responsive only to a selected component of the radiation scattered in said given direction, said selecting means incorporating a polariser disposed in the path of the radiation scattered in said given direction and operative to select radiation which is linearly polarised perpendicular to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction; modulating means operative to impose a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by modulating the ellipticity of the incident radiation from which the detected scattered radiation is derived; and means for deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
30 words
An apparatus according to claim 18, in which said modulating means is operatIve to alternate the effective state of polarisation of said incident radiation between right and left circular polarisation.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
80 words
An apparatus according to claim 19, in which said irradiating means is operative to irradiate the sample continuously with a single beam of radiation which is initially linearly polarised at an angle of 45* to the plane containing said given direction and said second direction, and said modulating means comprises a modulating device through which said beam passes before falling on the sample and which changes the state of polarisation of said beam alternately to right and left circular polarisation.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
115 words
An apparatus for use in testing a sample of an optically active substance, the apparatus comprising: a detection system for detecting the intensity of electromagnetic radiation travelling from the sample in a given direction; mans for irradiating the sample with two parallel beams of electromagnetic radiation so that radiation will be scattered from the sample in said given direction, said two beams being derived from a common source but being respectively right and left circularly polarised; modulating means operative to impose a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by causing said detection system to respond alternately to radiation scattered respectively from said two beams; and means for deriving a signal related to said variation.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
115 words
An apparatus for use in testing a sample of an optically active substance, the apparatus comprising: a detection system for detecting the intensity of electromagnetic radiation travelling from the sample in a given direction; mans for irradiating the sample with two parallel beams of electromagnetic radiation so that radiation will be scattered from the sample in said given direction, said two beams being derived from a common source but being respectively right and left circularly polarised; modulating means operative to impose a periodic variation on the detected intensity solely by causing said detection system to respond alternately to radiation scattered respectively from said two beams; and means for deriving a signal related to said variation.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-06-17 | 1977-12-17 | 1978-06-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-06-17 | 1981-12-17 | 1982-06-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-06-17 | 1985-12-17 | 1986-06-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |