US3816152A
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Coupling agent copolymer dispersions of silicic acids and organofunctional silanes
Assignee: EIDP Inc
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Filing: 1971-11-24
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Granted: 1974-06-11
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Expires: 1991-11-24
Abstract
Abstract Coupling agents comprising copolymers of an organofunctional hydroxysilane and silicic acid or polysilicic acid having a degree of polymerization of not more than 1000 are more economical to use than organofunctional hydroxysilanes alone, and reinforcing fillers treated with these coupling agents exhibit less static electricity build-up and are more easily wet by organic resins. Solutions of an organofunctional silane and a tetraalkyl orthosilicate in each other or in nonaqueous solvents are stable coupling agents precursors which can be stored for several months with no loss in coupling effectiveness.
Inventors
- 👤 P Yates
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 23:16
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08G; C08G83/00; C08G83/001; C03; C03C; C03C25/00; C03C25/10; C03C25/24; C03C25/40; C08K; C08K9/00; C08K9/04; C08K9/06; C09; C09C; C09C1/00; C09C1/28; C09C1/30; C09C1/3081; C09C3/00; C09C3/12; C01; C01P; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/80; C01P2004/82; C01P2004/84; C01P2004/88; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S106/00; Y10S106/901
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
31 words
A coupling agent of claim 1 wherein the proportion of the hydroxysilane is 25 to 50 mole percent and the proportion of the silicic acid is 50 to 75 mole percent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
25 words
A coupling agent of claim 1 wherein the silicic acid is monosilicic acid or polysilicic acid having a degree of polymerization of less than 10.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
A coupling agent of claim 3 wherein the R group of the hydroxysilane is vinyl or gamma -methacryloxypropyl.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A coupling agent of claim 4, wherein the R group of the hydroxysilane is gamma -methacryloxypropyl.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
259 words
A process for the preparation of a water-dispersible coupling agent consisting essentially of a partially copolymerized mixture of 25 to 90 mole percent of a hydroxysilane having the formula Rn-Si(OH)4-n wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkenylcarboxyalkyl, carboxyalkenyl, and alkenyl, each having two to 18 carbon atoms; and n is a positive integer of from 1 to 3; with 10 to 75 mole precent of a silicic acid having a degree of polymerization of at most 1000; said process comprising contacting together in an aqueous solution a coupling agent formulation consisting essentially of a compatible mixture of 25 to 90 mole percent of an organofunctional silane having the formula Rn-SiX4-n wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkenylcarboxyalkyl, carboxyalkenyl, and alkenyl, each having two to 18 carbon atoms; X is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, halogen, and alkoxyl having one to six carbon atoms; and n is a positive integer of from 1 to 3; with 10 to 75 mole percent of a silicic acid source having the formula (Si(O)m(x)4-2m)k , wherein m is 0 to 1; k is a positive integer from 1 to 1000; and x is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, halogen, and alkoxyl having one to six carbon atoms; provided that at least one of the x groups is halogen or alkoxyl; the initial concentration of the coupling agent formulation being 0.1 to 10 weight percent, and the reaction being carried out at a pH within a range of 2 to 5 or 8 to 10.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
116 words
A process for the preparation of a water-dispersible coupling agent consisting essentially of a partially copolymerized mixture of 25 to 90 mole percent of a hydroxysilane having the formula Rn-Si(OH)4-n whErein R is selected from the group consisting of alkenylcarboxyalkyl, carboxyalkenyl, and alkenyl, each having two to 18 carbon atoms; and n is a positive integer of from 1 to 3; with 10 to 75 mole percent of a silicic acid having a degree of polymerization of at most 1000; said process comprising contacting in an aqueous solution 25 to 90 mole percent of the above-described hydroxysilane with 10 to 75 mole percent of a silicic acid having a degree of polymerization of at most 1000;
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
169 words
A process for the preparation of a water-dispersible coupling agent consisting essentially of a partially copolymerized mixture of 25 to 90 mole percent of a hydroxysilane having the formula RnSiX4-n wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkenylcarboxyalkyl, carboxyalkenyl, and alkenyl, each having two to 18 carbon atoms; and n is a positive integer of from 1 to 3; with 10 to 75 mole percent of a silicic acid having a degree of polymerization of at most 1,000; said process comprising contacting in an aqueous solution 25 to 90 mole percent of an organosilane having the formula Rn-SiX4-n wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkenylcarboxyalkyl, carboxyalkenyl, and alkenyl, each having two to 18 carbon atoms; and n is a positive integer of from 1 to 3; with 10 to 75 mole percent of a silicic acid having a degree of polymerization of at most 1000; the reaction being carried out at a pH within a range of 2 to 5 or 8 to 10.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
43 words
A glass-fiber coupling material for use in polyester resin composites, said material having on its surface a coating of a coupling agent of claim 1; the amount of the dry coupling agent being 0.25 to 10 weight percent based on the glass fiber.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
43 words
A glass-fiber coupling material for use in polyester resin composites, said material having on its surface a coating of a coupling agent of claim 3; the amount of the dry coupling agent being 0.25 to 10 weight percent based on the glass fiber.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
44 words
A glass fiber coupling material for use in polyester resin composites, said material having on its surface a coating of a coupling agent of claim 5; the amount of the dry coupling agent being 0.25 to 10 weight percent based on the glass fiber.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
A polyester resin composite reinforced with the glass fiber material of claim 9.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
A polyester resin composite reinforced with the glass fiber material of claim 10.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
A polyester resin composite reinforced with the glass fiber material of claim 11.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
87 words
A coupling agent formulation consisting essentially of 50 to 90 mole percent of an organofunctional silane having the formula Rn-SiX4-n wherein R is selected from the group consisting of carboxyalkylene and alkenylcarboxyalkyl; X is alkoxyl; and n is a positive integer of from 1 to 3; and 25 to 50 mole percent of a silicic acid source having the formula (Si(O)m (x)4 2m)k wherein m is 0 to 1; k is a positive integer from 1 to 1,000; x is alkoxyl having one to six carbon atoms.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
93 words
A water-dispersible coupling agent consisting essentially of a partially copolymerized mixture of 50 to 75 mole percent of a hydroxysilane having the formula Rn-Si(OH)4-n wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkenylcarboxyalkyl and carboxyalkenyl, each having two to 18 carbon atoms n is a positive integer of from 1 to 3; with 25 to 50 mole percent of a silicic acid source having the formula (Si(O)m(X)4-2m)k wherein m is 0 to 1; k is a positive integer from 1 to 1000; and X is alkoxyl having one to six carbon atoms.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
196 words
A process for the preparation of a water-dispersible coupling agent consisting essentially of a partially copolymerized mixture of 50 to 75 mole percent of a hydroxysilane having the formula Rn-Si(OH)4-n wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkenylcarboxyalkyl and carboxyalkenyl, each having two to 18 carbon atoms n is a positive integer of from 1 to 3; with 25 to 50 mole percent of a silicic acid source having the formula (Si(O)m(X)4-2m)k wherein m is 0 to 1; k is a positive integer from 1 to 1000; and X is alkoxyl having one to six carbon atoms. said process comprising contacting together in an aqueous solution a coupling agent formulation consisting essentially of a compatible mixture of 50 to 75 mole percent of an organofunctional silane having the formula Rn-SiX4-n wherein R is selected from the group consisting of carboxyalkylene and alkenylcarboxyalkyl; X is alkoxyl; and n is a positive integer of from 1 to 3; with 25 to 50 mole percent of an organofunctional silane having the formula (Si(O)m(X)4-2m)k wherein m is 0 to 1; k is a positive integer from 1 to 1,000; X is alkoxyl having one to six carbon atoms.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-06-10 | 1977-12-10 | 1978-06-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-06-10 | 1981-12-10 | 1982-06-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-06-10 | 1985-12-10 | 1986-06-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |