US3807974A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Fuels for automotive engines
Assignee: Ethyl Corp
•
Filing: 1970-07-24
•
Granted: 1974-04-30
•
Expires: 1990-07-24
Abstract
Abstract Exhaust valve seat wear of automotive engines operated on unleaded gasoline can be catastrophic under severe operating conditions. This results in severe loss of engine power, marked reduction in fuel economy and sharp increases in exhaust emissions to intolerable levels. This problem may be ameliorated by utilizing high octane gasolines containing suitable quantities of phosphorus esters. Methods of preparing and dispensing the fuels are also described.
Inventors
- 👤 R Kerley
- 👤 A Felt
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 10:25
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L10/00; C10L10/08; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/26; C10L1/2608; C10L1/2633; C10L1/2641
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the ester is a phosphate ester.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the ester is a phosphite ester.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the ester is tricresyl phosphate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the ester is cresyl diphenyl phosphate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the ester is trimethyl phosphate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the ester is mixed methyl-phenyl phosphates.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said ester is present in an amount equivalent to from about 0.02 to about 1.0 gram of phosphorus per gallon.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said ester is present in an amount equivalent to from about 0.05 to about 0.5 gram of phosphorus per gallon.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said ester is present in an amount equivalent to about 0.1 gram of phosphorus per gallon.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
71 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said gasoline fuel has a content of aromatic gasoline hydrocarbons ranging from about 10 to about 60 volume percent, a content of olefinic gasoline hydrocarbons ranging from 0 to about 30 volume percent and a content of saturated gasoline hydrocarbons ranging from about 40 to about 80 volume percent, these percentages being based on the whole fuel, and wherein said ester is a phosphate ester.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said gasoline fuel has a Research Octane Number of at least about 95.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said gasoline fuel has a Research Octane Number of about 100.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
63 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said gasoline fuel has a content of aromatic gasoline hydrocarbons ranging from about 10 to about 60 volume percent, a content of olefinic gasoline hydrocarbons ranging from 0 to about 30 volume percent and a content of saturated gasoline hydrocarbons ranging from about 40 to about 80 volume percent, these percentages being based on the whole fuel.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
109 words
An unleaded automotive gasoline fuel having a Research Octane Number of at least about 100 and having a content of aromatic gasoline hydrocarbons of at least about 25 volume percent based on the whole fuel and having the tendency of causing an excessive rate of exhaust valve seat wear containing from about 0.05 to about 0.5 gram of phosphorus per gallon as a gasoline soluble, engine inductible, fully esterified organic ester of an oxy-acid of phosphorus having a boiling point at, or extrapolated to, atmospheric pressure of not more than about 425*C., the quantity being sufficient to decrease the rate of such wear substantially uniformly from cylinder to cylinder.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 15 wherein said ester is a phosphate ester.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 15 wherein said ester is a phosphite ester.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 15 wherein said ester is tricresyl phosphate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 15 wherein said ester is cresyl diphenyl phosphate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 15 wherein said ester is trimethyl phosphate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 15 wherein said ester is mixed methyl-phenyl phosphates.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
29 words
The composition of claim 15 wherein said fuel has a content of aromatic gasoline hydrocarbons ranging from about 30 to about 60 volume percent based on the whole fuel.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
69 words
A method of ameliorating exhaust valve seat wear of automotive vehicular engines operating on an unleaded gasoline which comprises dispensing to such vehicles an unleaded gasoline fuel of suFficiently high octane quality to satisfy the octane requirements of the engines, said fuel containing from about 0.02 to about 1.0 gram of phosphorus per gallon as a gasoline soluble, engine inductible, fully esterified organic ester of an oxy-acid of phosphorus.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 23 wherein the fuel dispensed has a Research Octane Number in the range of from about 90 to about 104.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 23 wherein said ester is tricresyl phosphate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 23 wherein said ester is cresyl diphenyl phosphate.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 23 wherein said ester is trimethyl phosphate.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 23 wherein said ester is mixed methyl-phenyl phosphates.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-04-29 | 1977-10-29 | 1978-04-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-04-29 | 1981-10-29 | 1982-04-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-04-29 | 1985-10-29 | 1986-04-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |