US3805481A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Apparatus for and process of treating liquids with a gas
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1970-12-21
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Granted: 1974-04-23
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Expires: 1990-12-21
Abstract
Abstract A gas-liquid mixing system for effecting selective bacterial reduction, generalized disinfection, sterilization or other gas treatment of the liquid. The system utilizes essential gravitational head and/or pumps in conjunction with a process flow line which may operate under a hydraulic pressure gradient which has an inlet at one end for receiving the untreated liquid and an outlet at its opposite end, one or more local areas of high momentum exchange, and one or more injectors for the introduction of a gas into the process line. The injectors are located so as to introduce the gas into the liquid downstream from the areas of high momentum exchange where the static pressure is at least partially regained. The gas may consist of air, oxygen, or an oxygen-ozone mixture, either alone or mixed with a carrier gas.
Inventors
- 👤 E Armstrong
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 14:25
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61L; A61L2/00; A61L2/16; A61L2/20; B; B01; B01F; B01F31/00; B01F31/80; B01F31/81; A61L2/202; B01D; B01D21/00; B01D21/01; B01D21/10; B01D21/12; B01D21/14; B01D21/24; B01D21/30; B01F25/00; B01F25/30; B01F25/31; B01F25/313; B01F25/3131; B01F25/40; B01F25/45; B01F25/452; B01F25/4521; C; C02; C02F; C02F1/00; C02F1/34; C02F1/72; C02F1/78; C02F3/00; C02F3/006; C02F3/02; C02F3/12; C02F3/1205; C02F3/121; C02F3/1278; C02F3/1294; C02F3/30; C02F3/302; C02F9/00; C01; C01B; C01B2201/00; C01B2201/60; C01B2201/66; C02F1/76; C02F2307/00; C02F2307/08; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W10/00; Y02W10/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
47 words
Apparatus according to claim 1 further including additional means in the flow line providing mechanical disruptive forces to the matter entrained in the effluent wherein the additional means comprises an elongated blade of a magnetically attractive material and magnetic means to effect oscillatory vibration to said blade.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
68 words
Apparatus according to claim 1 further including sensing means for detecting the dissolved oxygen concentration in the effluent at at least one point intermediate the ends of the flow line, and control means regulating the quantity of oxygen-containing gas injected into the effluent in response to the sensing means to maintain a predetermined dissolved oxygen level in the effluent in at least a portion of the flow line.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
Apparatus according to claim 1 further including collecting means for removing unabsorbed gases from the flow line at at least one point intermediate the ends thereof wherein the collecting means returns the desorbed oxygen to the oxygen-containing gas source.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein the collecting means returns the desorbed gas to the processing line at a point subsequent to the point of collection, and includes means to directly remix the excess gas into the liquid.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
162 words
A method for effecting gas solution in a liquid effluent, comprising the steps of flowing a liquid effluent through a confined path under a hydraulic pressure gradient substantially reduced from the gravitational pressure gradient, and restricting the flow of the liquid in the confined path at at least one point to provide at least one region of intense momentum exchange and turbulence in the effluent, and introducing a gas into the region of intense momentum exchange wherein the restriction is accomplished by flat plate orifices positioned in the flow path, and the introduction of the gas being injected near the vena contracta region immediately following one of the restrictions, the other restrictions being positioned downstream of the injection point and where such injection is made under the cOnditions of approximately constant fluid flow and steady state gas injection, and coaxial gas injection to the flow path of the liquid so that axial and angular gas concentration gradients throughout the liquid approach zero.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
48 words
A method according to claim 6 further including an additional fluid container operating under a gravitational pressure gradient, the additional fluid container discharging effluent to the input of the confined path operating under a hydraulic gradient and means for injecting gas into the effluent in the fluid container.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
60 words
A method according to claim 7 which includes providing the additional fluid container with a free standing wet well, and injecting the gas near the surface of the wet well at a plurality of spaced intervals adjacent the surface thereof to create a flow path of the effluent in the wet well from top to bottom in a vortex configuration.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method according to claim 7 which includes providing a second additional fluid container under a gravitational gradient and circulating the effluent to the second additional fluid container.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 7 which includes the step of passing the effluent from the end of the confined path through an extended surface media.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
96 words
Apparatus for suppressing odors and effecting bacterial reduction in a waste collection system comprising a wet well under a gravitational gradient, a force main off the wet well under a hydraulic pressure gradient comprising a pump means taking suction on the wet well and discharging into the force main, injectors located in the wet well of the system for injecting an oxygen containing gas into the effluent in the wet well, and additional injectors located in the force main for injecting an oxygen containing gas under intense mixing conditions into the effluent in the force main.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
48 words
Apparatus according to claim 11 which includes means to provide high momentum exchange in the effluent at at least one point in the force main and wherein at least one of the additional injectors is located at the region of relatively high momentum exchange in the force main.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
84 words
Apparatus according to claim 12 which includes at least one additional means to provide high momentum exchange in the effluent at a distance of at least 40 hydraulic diameters of the force main downstream of the said one additional injector, and at least one further additional mixing means to provide high momentum exchange in the effluent at a remote distance downstream of said one additional injector where concentration gradients and/or oxygen depletion in the effluent have developed to remix excess gas in the fluid.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
40 words
Apparatus according to claim 13 wherein check valves are provided in the force mains, the injectors being located at the check valves, and the pump means forces the effluent through the force main at a Reynolds number greater than 3,000.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
103 words
Apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the pump means is a centrifugal pump and the first mentioned injectors each comprise a plurality of horizontally extending pipe lengths each joined at one end to a common supply line and having a plurality of small diameter holes at the opposite end, and such injector is located near the top of the effluent level in the wet well and means to maintain a level of effluent in the wet well so that the location of the first mentioned injectors is related to the head pressure at the centrifugal pump so that the pump will maintain prime.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
42 words
Apparatus according to claim 15 where the length and size of the force main is such that the residence time of the effluent in the force main is sufficient to provide prolonged aerobic conditions in the system of at least 1 hour.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-04-22 | 1977-10-22 | 1978-04-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-04-22 | 1981-10-22 | 1982-04-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-04-22 | 1985-10-22 | 1986-04-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |