US3804471A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Accelerometer and antiskid braking system
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1972-08-03
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Granted: 1974-04-16
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Expires: 1992-08-03
Abstract
Abstract An antiskid braking system which includes valve means for controlling the application of operating pressure to the brakes, so as to rapidly release and then more gradually allow application of the brakes when a skid is indicated, the valve means being operated by the output of a fluid amplifier means which, in turn, is operated by signals from a linear accelerometer that moves in the path of the vehicle and an angular accelerometer that rotates with the wheel, each accelerometer including a seismic mass positioned by impinging fluid discharged from an adjacent outlet and relatively movable to vary the restriction of the fluid discharged to produce signals indicating acceleration and deceleration.
Inventors
- 👤 V Fish
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 21:57
CPC Classifications
B; B60; B60T; B60T8/00; B60T8/32; B60T8/72; B60T8/74; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T137/00; Y10T137/206; Y10T137/2065
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
419 words
In combination with a vehicle having a rotatable wheel, a brake for said wheel, said brake being operable by pressurized fluid, and a source of pressurized fluid for operating said brake, an antiskid device for said wheel comprising accelerometer means, said accelerometer means including means for producing a first signal when said wheel is decelerating without skidding, and a second signal when said wheel has decelerated with sufficient rapidity to commence a skid, said accelerometer means including linear accelerometer means on said vehicle and movable in the path thereof for producing a signal indicative of the linear deceleration of said vehicle, and angular accelerometer means rotatable with said wheel for producing a signal indicative of the angular deceleration of said wheel, and means responsive to said signals for permitting said pressurized fluid to operate said brake when said wheel is decelerating without skidding, and for preventing full operation of said brake by said pressurized fluid when said wheel is decelerating with sufficient rapidity to commence a skid, said means responsive to said signals including fluid amplifier means for comparing said signal indicative of the linear deceleration of said vehicle with said signal indicative of the angular deceleration of said wheel, and valve means intermediate said source of pressurized fluid and said brake, said valve means having a first position in which said pressurized fluid has access to said brake for permitting said pressurized fluid to operate said brake, and a secOnd position in which said pressurized fluid is prevented from access to said brake and the pressure thereof is relieved at said brake for thereby preventing full operation of said brake by said pressurized fluid, said valve means including a body having an inlet port connected to said source of pressurized fluid and an outlet port connected to said brake, and a movable member in said body, said movable member allowing flow between said inlet and outlet ports when said valve means is in said first position thereof, said movable member being movable to block flow between said inlet and outlet ports when said valve means is in said second position thereof, said body including a return port connected to said brake, and a vent port, said movable member when said valve means is in said first position thereof blocking flow between said return and vent ports, said movable member when said valve means is in said second position thereof allowing flow between said return and vent ports for thereby relieving the pressure of said fluid at said brake.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
419 words
In combination with a vehicle having a rotatable wheel, a brake for said wheel, said brake being operable by pressurized fluid, and a source of pressurized fluid for operating said brake, an antiskid device for said wheel comprising accelerometer means, said accelerometer means including means for producing a first signal when said wheel is decelerating without skidding, and a second signal when said wheel has decelerated with sufficient rapidity to commence a skid, said accelerometer means including linear accelerometer means on said vehicle and movable in the path thereof for producing a signal indicative of the linear deceleration of said vehicle, and angular accelerometer means rotatable with said wheel for producing a signal indicative of the angular deceleration of said wheel, and means responsive to said signals for permitting said pressurized fluid to operate said brake when said wheel is decelerating without skidding, and for preventing full operation of said brake by said pressurized fluid when said wheel is decelerating with sufficient rapidity to commence a skid, said means responsive to said signals including fluid amplifier means for comparing said signal indicative of the linear deceleration of said vehicle with said signal indicative of the angular deceleration of said wheel, and valve means intermediate said source of pressurized fluid and said brake, said valve means having a first position in which said pressurized fluid has access to said brake for permitting said pressurized fluid to operate said brake, and a secOnd position in which said pressurized fluid is prevented from access to said brake and the pressure thereof is relieved at said brake for thereby preventing full operation of said brake by said pressurized fluid, said valve means including a body having an inlet port connected to said source of pressurized fluid and an outlet port connected to said brake, and a movable member in said body, said movable member allowing flow between said inlet and outlet ports when said valve means is in said first position thereof, said movable member being movable to block flow between said inlet and outlet ports when said valve means is in said second position thereof, said body including a return port connected to said brake, and a vent port, said movable member when said valve means is in said first position thereof blocking flow between said return and vent ports, said movable member when said valve means is in said second position thereof allowing flow between said return and vent ports for thereby relieving the pressure of said fluid at said brake.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
A device as recited in claim 1 in which said fluid is air, and in which said vent port communicates with ambient atmosphere for venting air from said brake to atmosphere.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
322 words
A device as recited in claim 1 in which said fluid is hydraulic fluid, said means responsive to said signals including a first valve, said first valve having a first position for transmitting said fluid to said brake, and a second position for preventing flow of said fluid to said brake, a second source of pressurized fluid, accumulator means, said accumulator means including a hydraulic fluid chamber connected to said brake, and a movable member in said chamber for displacing said hydraulic fluid toward and away from said brake, means connecting said second source of pressurized fluid with said accumulator means for engaging said movable member by said second pressurized fluid and biasing said movable member to a position whereby said hydraulic fluid is displaced thereby toward said brake, a second valve intermediate said second source of pressurized fluid and said accumulator means, said second valve having a first position for permitting flow of fluid from said second source of pressurized fluid to said accumulator means for permitting said second source of pressurized fluid to move said movable member so as to displace said hydraulic fluid toward said brake and to hold said movable member in said position in opposition to the pressure of said hydraulic fluid in said chamber, and a second position for preventing flow from said second source of pressurized fluid to said accumulator means, and for venting said accumulator means for allowing said hydraulic fluid to be displaced away from said brake so as to move said movable member, whereby said hydraulic fluid can be displaced from said brake to said accumulator means for thereby relieving the pressure of said hydraulic fluid at said brake, said first and second valves being connected to said accelerometer means and movable in response to said second signal from said first to said second positions thereof, and movable in response to said first signal from said second to said first positions thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A device as recited in claim 3 in which said second fluid is air.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
42 words
A device as recited in claim 3 including means for controlling the movements of said valves so that said movements from said second positions to said first positions thereof are slower than said movements from said first to said second positions thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
A device as recited in claim 5 in which said controlling means includes means for providing for slower movement of said first valve than of said second valve from said second to said first positions of said valves.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
A device as recited in claim 3 including means for providing equal pressures of said hydraulic fluid at said hydraulic chamber of said accumulator meAns and at a location upstream of said first valve.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
45 words
A device as recited in claim 7 in which said means for providing equal pressures of said hydraulic fluid includes a bypass around said first valve, and a check valve in said bypass for permitting flow only toward the upstream side of said first valve.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
303 words
An antiskid system comprising an angular accelerometer means for producing a first signal upon deceleration thereof, and a second signal upon acceleration thereof, said angular accelerometer means being adapted to be rotated with the wheel of a vehicle, a linear accelerometer means for producing a signal upon the deceleration thereof, said linear accelerometer means being adapted to be mounted on a vehicle for movement linearly in the path of said vehicle, means for comparing said signal of said linear accelerometer means with said signals of said angular accelerometer means, said comparing means including fluid amplifier means for providing a first output signal when said signal of said linear accelerometer means is exceeded by said first signal of said angular accelerometer means by a predetermined amount, and a second output signal when said signal of said linear accelerometer means is exceeded by said second signal of said angular accelerometer means by a predetermined amount, and brake control means operable by said first output signal for relieving the braking force applied by the brakes of such a vehicle, and operable by said second output signal for allowing reapplication of said braking force by said brakes, said brake control means including control valve means having an inlet adapted to be connected to a source of pressurized fluid and an outlet adapted to be connected to said brakes, said control valve means having a first position in which pressurized fluid can be conducted between said inlet and said outlet for actuating said brakes, and a second position in which said inlet is closed and said outlet is vented for relieving the actuating pressure at said brakes, said fluid amplifier means having an output means connected to said control valve means for providing a means for moving said control valve means between said first and second positions thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
303 words
An antiskid system comprising an angular accelerometer means for producing a first signal upon deceleration thereof, and a second signal upon acceleration thereof, said angular accelerometer means being adapted to be rotated with the wheel of a vehicle, a linear accelerometer means for producing a signal upon the deceleration thereof, said linear accelerometer means being adapted to be mounted on a vehicle for movement linearly in the path of said vehicle, means for comparing said signal of said linear accelerometer means with said signals of said angular accelerometer means, said comparing means including fluid amplifier means for providing a first output signal when said signal of said linear accelerometer means is exceeded by said first signal of said angular accelerometer means by a predetermined amount, and a second output signal when said signal of said linear accelerometer means is exceeded by said second signal of said angular accelerometer means by a predetermined amount, and brake control means operable by said first output signal for relieving the braking force applied by the brakes of such a vehicle, and operable by said second output signal for allowing reapplication of said braking force by said brakes, said brake control means including control valve means having an inlet adapted to be connected to a source of pressurized fluid and an outlet adapted to be connected to said brakes, said control valve means having a first position in which pressurized fluid can be conducted between said inlet and said outlet for actuating said brakes, and a second position in which said inlet is closed and said outlet is vented for relieving the actuating pressure at said brakes, said fluid amplifier means having an output means connected to said control valve means for providing a means for moving said control valve means between said first and second positions thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
53 words
A device as recited in claim 9 including means for permitting said control valve means to move relatively rapidly from said first position to said second position thereof, and to move relatively slowly from said second position to said first position thereof, in response to said output means of said fluid amplifier means.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
42 words
A device as recited in claim 16 in which said control valve means includes a chamber, and a spool movable axially of said chamber between first and second positions thereof for providing said first and second positions of said control valve means.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
89 words
A device as recited in claim 11 in which said spool has opposite end portions, said output means of said fluid amplifier means having a first portion connected to one end of said chamber in communication with one of said end portions of said spool, and a second portion connected to the opposite end of said chamber in communication with the other of said end portions of said spool, whereby fluid pressure differentials in said first and second portions of said output means can effect movement of said spool.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
90 words
A device as recited in claim 12 in which said means for permitting said control valve means to move relatively rapidly from said first position to said second position thereof, and to move relatively slowly from said second position to said first position thereof, includes in one of said portions of said output means a check valve for permitting fluid flow therethrough only in a direction toward said chamber, and a restricted bypass around said check valve for permitting only restricted fluid flow in a direction away from said chamber.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
36 words
A device as recited in claim 13 including in addition resilient Means normally positioning said spool in said first position thereof, said spool being movable to said second position thereof in opposition to said resilient means.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
32 words
A device as recited in claim 14 in which said opposite end portions of said spool constitute end lobes for said spool, said spool having a center lobe intermediate said end lobes.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
226 words
An antiskid system comprising an angular accelerometer means for producing a first signal upon deceleration thereof, and a second signal upon acceleration thereof, said angular accelerometer means being adapted to be rotated with the wheel of a vehicle, said angular accelerometer means including means for producing fluid pressure differentials for providing said first and second signals thereof, a linear accelerometer means for producing a signal upon the deceleration thereof, said linear accelerometer means being adapted to be mounted on a vehicle for movement linearly in the path of said vehicle, said linear accelerometer means including means for producing fluid pressure differentials for providing said signal thereof, means for comparing said signal of said linear accelerometer means with said signals of said angular accelerometer means, said comparing means including means for providing a first output signal when said signal of said linear accelerometer means is exceeded by said first signal of said angular accelerometer means by a predetermined amount, and a second output signal when said signal of said linear accelerometer means is exceeded by said second signal of said angular accelerometer means by a predetermined amount, and brake control means operable by said first output signal for relieving the braking force applied by the brakes of such a vehicle, and operable by said second output signal for allowing reapplication of said braking force by said brakes.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
226 words
An antiskid system comprising an angular accelerometer means for producing a first signal upon deceleration thereof, and a second signal upon acceleration thereof, said angular accelerometer means being adapted to be rotated with the wheel of a vehicle, said angular accelerometer means including means for producing fluid pressure differentials for providing said first and second signals thereof, a linear accelerometer means for producing a signal upon the deceleration thereof, said linear accelerometer means being adapted to be mounted on a vehicle for movement linearly in the path of said vehicle, said linear accelerometer means including means for producing fluid pressure differentials for providing said signal thereof, means for comparing said signal of said linear accelerometer means with said signals of said angular accelerometer means, said comparing means including means for providing a first output signal when said signal of said linear accelerometer means is exceeded by said first signal of said angular accelerometer means by a predetermined amount, and a second output signal when said signal of said linear accelerometer means is exceeded by said second signal of said angular accelerometer means by a predetermined amount, and brake control means operable by said first output signal for relieving the braking force applied by the brakes of such a vehicle, and operable by said second output signal for allowing reapplication of said braking force by said brakes.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
103 words
A device as recited in claim 16 in which said comparing means includes fluid amplifier means, said fluid amplifier means including a two-input summing proportional fluid amplifier, said means for producing fluid pressure differentials of said angular accelerometer means being connected to said two-input summing proportional fluid amplifier for providing a first input therefor, said means for producing fluid pressure differentials of said linear accelerometer means being connected to said two-input summing proportional fluid amplifier for providing a second input therefor, whereby said two-input summing proportional fluid amplifier can compare said fluid pressure differentials and provide an output proportional to the difference therebetween.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
54 words
A device as recited in claim 17 in which said fluid amplifier means includes in addition a digital fluid amplifier, said output of said two-input summing proportional fluid amplifier being connected to said digital fluid amplifier as the input thereof, said digital fluid amplifier having an output providing said first and second output signals.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
242 words
In combination with a vehicle having a rotatable wheel, a brake for said wheel, said brake being operable by pressurized fluid, and a source of pressurized fluid for operating said brake, an antiskid device for said wheel comprising accelerometer means, said accelerometer means including a linear accelerometer on said vehicle movable in a path thereof for producing a signal indicative of the linear deceleration of said vehicle, and an angular accelerometer rotatable with said wheel for producing a signal indicative of the angular acceleration and deceleration of said wheel, each of said accelerometers including a source of pressurized air, outlet means for said pressurized air, seismic mass means adjacent said outlet means providing a restriction to the discharge of air therefrom and movable toward and away from said outlet means in response to acceleration and deceleration of said outlet means for varying said resTriction, and static pressure sensing means upstream of said outlet means for determining changes in static pressure resulting from said variations in said restriction for thereby producing a signal indicative of acceleration and deceleration, means for comparing said signal from said linear accelerometer with said signal from said angular accelerometer, and brake control means connected to said comparing means for permitting said pressurized fluid to operate said brake when said wheel is decelerating without skidding and for preventing full operation of said brake by said pressurized fluid when said wheel is decelerating with sufficient rapidity to commence a skid.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
242 words
In combination with a vehicle having a rotatable wheel, a brake for said wheel, said brake being operable by pressurized fluid, and a source of pressurized fluid for operating said brake, an antiskid device for said wheel comprising accelerometer means, said accelerometer means including a linear accelerometer on said vehicle movable in a path thereof for producing a signal indicative of the linear deceleration of said vehicle, and an angular accelerometer rotatable with said wheel for producing a signal indicative of the angular acceleration and deceleration of said wheel, each of said accelerometers including a source of pressurized air, outlet means for said pressurized air, seismic mass means adjacent said outlet means providing a restriction to the discharge of air therefrom and movable toward and away from said outlet means in response to acceleration and deceleration of said outlet means for varying said resTriction, and static pressure sensing means upstream of said outlet means for determining changes in static pressure resulting from said variations in said restriction for thereby producing a signal indicative of acceleration and deceleration, means for comparing said signal from said linear accelerometer with said signal from said angular accelerometer, and brake control means connected to said comparing means for permitting said pressurized fluid to operate said brake when said wheel is decelerating without skidding and for preventing full operation of said brake by said pressurized fluid when said wheel is decelerating with sufficient rapidity to commence a skid.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
102 words
A device as recited in claim 19 in which for said outlet means said angular accelerometer includes a duality of outlets, and for said seismic mass means said angular accelerometer includes a duality of objects of equal size and mass, and includes a movable means interconnecting said objects for positioning one of said objects adjacent either of said openings and for permitting each of said objects to move toward and away from its adjacent opening such that when one of said objects moves toward the opening adjacent to it the other of said objects moves away from the opening adjacent to it.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
A device as recited in claim 20 in which said objects are spheres.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
38 words
A device as recited in claim 21 in which said movable means includes an arm connected to each of said spheres, and pivotal mounting means for said arm intermediate said spheres for permitting pivotal movement of said arm.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
40 words
A device as recited in claim 19 in which said comparing means includes a summing proportional fluid amplifier, said static pressure sensing means of said linear accelerometer and of said angular accelerometer being connected to said summing proportional fluid amplifier.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
71 words
A device as recited in claim 23 in which said brake control means includes a digital fluid amplifier, the output of said summing proportional fluid amplifier being connected to said digital fluid amplifier, and a valve means intermediate said source of pressurized fluid and said brake, said valve means being operable by the output of said digital fluid amplifier for selectively permitting said pressurized fluid to have access to said brake.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-04-15 | 1977-10-15 | 1978-04-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-04-15 | 1981-10-15 | 1982-04-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-04-15 | 1985-10-15 | 1986-04-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |