US3798537A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for measuring stresses in ferromagnetic material
Assignee: Jones and Laughlin Steel Inc
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Filing: 1969-12-10
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Granted: 1974-03-19
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Expires: 1989-12-10
Abstract
Abstract Method and apparatus for measuring stresses in a ferromagnetic material are disclosed. A magnetic means is employed to establish magnetic flux flow paths in a ferromagnetic material in two directions at right angles to one another. Additional means is provided for determining the resultant flux flow developed by said paths whereby the magnitude of a stress applied to the material in one of said two directions is ascertained.
Inventors
- 👤 J Dahm
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 08:01
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01L; G01L5/00; G01L5/04; G01L5/045; B; B21; B21B; B21B38/00; B21B38/02; G01L1/00; G01L1/12; G01L1/125; G01L1/127
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
157 words
In a method of measuring a stress in a given direction in a ferromagnetic material without contacting the material, the steps of establishing a plurality of sets of magnetic flux flow paths at spaced locations on the ferromagnetic material, each set of magnetic flux flow paths comprising first and second magnetic flux flow paths, passing a first portion of each of the first paths through the material in said given direction, passing a second portion of each of the first paths in a first direction through respective secondary electromagnets positioned adjacent the material, passing a first portion of each of the second paths through the material in a direction transverse to said given direction, passing a second portion of each of said second paths through said respective secondary electromagnets in a direction opposite to said first direction to produce a resultant flux in each of said respective secondary electromagnets, and measuring the magnitude of said resultant fluxes.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
157 words
In a method of measuring a stress in a given direction in a ferromagnetic material without contacting the material, the steps of establishing a plurality of sets of magnetic flux flow paths at spaced locations on the ferromagnetic material, each set of magnetic flux flow paths comprising first and second magnetic flux flow paths, passing a first portion of each of the first paths through the material in said given direction, passing a second portion of each of the first paths in a first direction through respective secondary electromagnets positioned adjacent the material, passing a first portion of each of the second paths through the material in a direction transverse to said given direction, passing a second portion of each of said second paths through said respective secondary electromagnets in a direction opposite to said first direction to produce a resultant flux in each of said respective secondary electromagnets, and measuring the magnitude of said resultant fluxes.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the ferromagnetic material is a moving steel strip under tension and the plurality of sets of magnetic flux flow paths are established across the width of the strip.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
252 words
In a method of measuring a stress in a given direction in a ferromagnetic material without contacting the material, the steps of establishing a set of magnetic flux flow paths comprising first and second pairs of magnetic flux flow paths, passing a first portion of one of the paths of said first pair of paths and a first portion of one of the paths of said second pair of paths through the material in said given direction, passing a second portion of said one of the paths in said first pair of paths in a first direction through a first secondary electromagnet positioned adjacent the material, passing a second portion of said one of the paths in said second pair of paths in a second direction opposite to said first direction through a second secondary electromagnet positioned adjacent the material, passing a first portion of the other of the paths of said first pair of paths and a first portion of the other of the paths of said second pair of paths through the material in a direction transverse to the given direction, passing a second portion of said other of the paths in said first pair of paths through said second electromagnet in the direction opposite to said second direction to produce a resultant flux therein and passing a second portion of said other of the paths in said second pair of paths through said first electro-magnet in the direction opposite to said first direction to produce a resultant flux therein.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
252 words
In a method of measuring a stress in a given direction in a ferromagnetic material without contacting the material, the steps of establishing a set of magnetic flux flow paths comprising first and second pairs of magnetic flux flow paths, passing a first portion of one of the paths of said first pair of paths and a first portion of one of the paths of said second pair of paths through the material in said given direction, passing a second portion of said one of the paths in said first pair of paths in a first direction through a first secondary electromagnet positioned adjacent the material, passing a second portion of said one of the paths in said second pair of paths in a second direction opposite to said first direction through a second secondary electromagnet positioned adjacent the material, passing a first portion of the other of the paths of said first pair of paths and a first portion of the other of the paths of said second pair of paths through the material in a direction transverse to the given direction, passing a second portion of said other of the paths in said first pair of paths through said second electromagnet in the direction opposite to said second direction to produce a resultant flux therein and passing a second portion of said other of the paths in said second pair of paths through said first electro-magnet in the direction opposite to said first direction to produce a resultant flux therein.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 3 including establishing a plurality of sets of magnetic flux flow paths at spaced locations on the ferromagnetic material.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 4 wherein the ferromagnetic material is a moving steel strip under tension and the plurality of sets of magnetic flux flow paths are established across the width of the strip.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 3 including the additional step of establishing a supplemental magnetic flux flow path, passing at least a portion of the supplemental path through the material in said given direction so as to increase the flux in the material in that direction.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
123 words
A device for measuring the stress in a ferromagnetic material in a given direction including means for producing a first magnetic flux flow path, a first portion thereof passing through said ferromagnetic material in said given direction, means for producing a second magnetic flux flow path, a first portion thereof passing throUgh said ferromagnetic material transverse to said given direction, means common to a second portion of both said first and second magnetic flux flow paths for producing a resultant magnetic flux density therein equal to the difference between the magnetic flux densities of said second portions of said first and second magnetic flux flow paths, and means for establishing a supplemental magnetic flux flow in said ferromagnetic material in said given direction.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
123 words
A device for measuring the stress in a ferromagnetic material in a given direction including means for producing a first magnetic flux flow path, a first portion thereof passing through said ferromagnetic material in said given direction, means for producing a second magnetic flux flow path, a first portion thereof passing throUgh said ferromagnetic material transverse to said given direction, means common to a second portion of both said first and second magnetic flux flow paths for producing a resultant magnetic flux density therein equal to the difference between the magnetic flux densities of said second portions of said first and second magnetic flux flow paths, and means for establishing a supplemental magnetic flux flow in said ferromagnetic material in said given direction.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
114 words
The device of claim 7 wherein said means for producing a first magnetic flux flow path and said means for producing a second magnetic flux flow path comprise first and second primary electromagnets, respectively, each electromagnet connected to an alternating current source, said means common to a second portion of both said first and second paths comprises a secondary electromagnet, said first and second primary electromagnets being joined to said secondary electromagnet at a common location by poles of opposite polarity, a plane entirely containing said first primary electromagnet and said secondary electromagnet intersecting a plane entirely containing said second primary electromagnet and said secondary electromagnet at a right angle along said secondary electromagnet.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
142 words
A device for measuring the stress in a ferromagnetic material in a given direction comprising two primary electromagnets and two secondary electromagnets, each of the cores of the electromagnets having vertical legs so positioned in relation to one another that a vertical plane passing through the vertical legs of the primary electromagnet cores intersects at a right angle a vertical plane passing through the vertical legs of the secondary electromagnet cores, each of the vertical legs of the secondary electromagnet cores being equidistant from each of the vertical legs of the primary electromagnet cores and the distance between the vertical legs of the secondary electromagnet cores being equal to the distance between the vertical legs of the primary electromagnet cores and means operatively connected to said secondary electromagnets for summing the voltages induced therein upon the application of a magnetic flux thereto.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
142 words
A device for measuring the stress in a ferromagnetic material in a given direction comprising two primary electromagnets and two secondary electromagnets, each of the cores of the electromagnets having vertical legs so positioned in relation to one another that a vertical plane passing through the vertical legs of the primary electromagnet cores intersects at a right angle a vertical plane passing through the vertical legs of the secondary electromagnet cores, each of the vertical legs of the secondary electromagnet cores being equidistant from each of the vertical legs of the primary electromagnet cores and the distance between the vertical legs of the secondary electromagnet cores being equal to the distance between the vertical legs of the primary electromagnet cores and means operatively connected to said secondary electromagnets for summing the voltages induced therein upon the application of a magnetic flux thereto.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
39 words
The device of claim 9 wherein the core of each electromagnet includes a horizontal leg, the horizontal legs being joined together at one of their ends and to a respective one of the vertical legs at their other ends.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
296 words
A device for measuring the stress in a ferromagnetic material in a given direction including means for producing a first pair of magnetic flux flow paths, a first portion of one of the paths of said first pair of paths passing through said ferromagnetic material in said given direction and a first portion of the other of the paths of said first pair of paths passing through said ferromagnetic material transverse to said given direction, means for producing a second pair of magnetic flux flow paths, a first portion of one of the paths of said second pair of paths passing through said ferromagnetic material in the same direction as that of the first portion of said one of the paths of said first pair of paths and a first portion of the other of said second pair of paths passing through said ferromagnetic material in the same direction as that of the first portion of said other of the paths of said first pair of paths, means common to a second portion of said one of the paths of said first pair of paths and to a second portion of said other of the paths of said second pair of paths for producing a first resultant magnetic flux density therein equal to the difference between the magnetic flux densities of said portions, means common to a second portion of said other of the paths of said first pair of paths and to a second portion of said one of the paths of said second pair of paths for producing a second resultant magnetic flux density therein equal to the difference between the magnetic flux densities of said portions, and means for establishing a supplemental magnetic flux flow in said ferromagnetic matErial in said given direction.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
296 words
A device for measuring the stress in a ferromagnetic material in a given direction including means for producing a first pair of magnetic flux flow paths, a first portion of one of the paths of said first pair of paths passing through said ferromagnetic material in said given direction and a first portion of the other of the paths of said first pair of paths passing through said ferromagnetic material transverse to said given direction, means for producing a second pair of magnetic flux flow paths, a first portion of one of the paths of said second pair of paths passing through said ferromagnetic material in the same direction as that of the first portion of said one of the paths of said first pair of paths and a first portion of the other of said second pair of paths passing through said ferromagnetic material in the same direction as that of the first portion of said other of the paths of said first pair of paths, means common to a second portion of said one of the paths of said first pair of paths and to a second portion of said other of the paths of said second pair of paths for producing a first resultant magnetic flux density therein equal to the difference between the magnetic flux densities of said portions, means common to a second portion of said other of the paths of said first pair of paths and to a second portion of said one of the paths of said second pair of paths for producing a second resultant magnetic flux density therein equal to the difference between the magnetic flux densities of said portions, and means for establishing a supplemental magnetic flux flow in said ferromagnetic matErial in said given direction.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
174 words
The device of claim 11 wherein said means for producing said first pair of magnetic flux flow paths and said means for producing said second pair of magnetic flux flow paths comprise first and second primary electromagnets, respectively, each electromagnet connected to an alternating current source, said means common to a second portion of said one of the paths of said first pair of paths and to a second portion of said other of the paths of said second pair of paths and said means common to a second portion of said other of the paths of said first pair of paths and to a second portion of said one of the paths of said second pair of paths comprise first and second secondary electromagnets, respectively, said first and second primary electromagnets being joined to each other and to said first and second secondary electromagnets at a common location, a plane entirely containing said first and second primary electromagnets intersecting a plane entirely containing said first and second secondary electromagnets at a right angle.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
168 words
In a method of measuring a stress in a given direction in a ferromagnetic material without contacting the material, the steps of establishing a set of magnetic flux flow paths comprising first and second magnetic flux flow paths, passing a first portion of the first path through the material in said given direction, passing a second portion of the first path in a first direction through a secondary electromagnet positioned adjacent the material, passing a first portion of the second path through the material in a direction transverse to said given direction, passing a second portion of said second path through said secondary electromagnet in a direction opposite to said first direction to produce a resultant flux in said secondary electromagnet, establishing a supplemental magnetic flux flow path, passing at least a portion of the supplemental path through the material in said given direction so as to increase the flux in the material in that direction, and measuring the magnitude of said resultant flux in said secondary electromagnet.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
168 words
In a method of measuring a stress in a given direction in a ferromagnetic material without contacting the material, the steps of establishing a set of magnetic flux flow paths comprising first and second magnetic flux flow paths, passing a first portion of the first path through the material in said given direction, passing a second portion of the first path in a first direction through a secondary electromagnet positioned adjacent the material, passing a first portion of the second path through the material in a direction transverse to said given direction, passing a second portion of said second path through said secondary electromagnet in a direction opposite to said first direction to produce a resultant flux in said secondary electromagnet, establishing a supplemental magnetic flux flow path, passing at least a portion of the supplemental path through the material in said given direction so as to increase the flux in the material in that direction, and measuring the magnitude of said resultant flux in said secondary electromagnet.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3535625A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-03-18 | 1977-09-17 | 1978-03-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-03-18 | 1981-09-17 | 1982-03-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-03-18 | 1985-09-17 | 1986-03-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |