US3798074A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Surface finishing
Assignee: Allegheny Ludlum Corp
•
Filing: 1972-03-23
•
Granted: 1974-03-19
•
Expires: 1992-03-23
Abstract
Abstract A composition for providing a protective coating, comprised of a solution containing phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions, silicate ions and cations. The molar concentration of the phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations is between 0.01 and 1 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and the molar concentration of the silicate ions is from 0.01-33 percent of the molar concentration of the phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations. The phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations are proportionately present in the solution as 8-78 mole percent phosphate ion, 2-45 mole percent chromate ion, 1-56 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 55 mole percent cation.
Inventors
- 👤 D Esler
- 👤 E Choby
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 18:13
CPC Classifications
C; C03; C03C; C03C17/00; C03C17/22; C03C17/23; C03C17/25; C23; C23C; C23C22/00; C23C22/73; C23C22/74; C03C2217/00; C03C2217/20; C03C2217/21; C03C2217/229; C03C2217/23; C03C2218/00; C03C2218/10; C03C2218/11; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/263; Y10T428/264; Y10T428/265
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 101
Claim 1
Independent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is aluminum, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and aluminum ions is between 0.01 and 0.87 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and aluminum ions are proportionately present in said solution as 35 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 28 mole percent chromate ion, 3 to 33 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent aluminum ion.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 2 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and aluminum ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and aluminum ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 40 to 68 mole percent phosphate ion, 5 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 7 to 25 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 25 mole percent aluminum ion.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is beryllium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and beryllium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and beryllium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 26 to 76 mole percent phosphate ion, 6 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 8 to 33 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent beryllium ion.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
78 words
A composition according to claim 4 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and beryllium ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and beryllium ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 33 to 63 mole percent phosphate ion, 8 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 15 to 29 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 25 percent beryllium ion.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is calcium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and calcium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and calcium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 17 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 7 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 6 to 34 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 17 mole percent calcium ion.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 6 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and calcium ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and calcium ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 33 to 70 mole percent phosphate ion, 9 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 10 to 29 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 12 mole percent calcium ion.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is chromium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and chromium ions is between 0.01 and 1.00 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and chromium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 34 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 45 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 56 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent chromium ion.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 8 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and chromium ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and chromium ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 36 to 69 mole percent phosphate ion, 5 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 4 to 45 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 25 mole percent chromium ion.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is cobalt, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cobalt ions is between 0.01 and 0.90 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cobalt ions are proportionately present in said solution as 27 to 70 mole percent phosphate ion, 4 to 36 mole percent chromate ion, 5 to 37 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 43 mole percent cobalt ion.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 10 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cobalt ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cobalt ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 40 to 68 mole percent phosphate ion, 10 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 10 to 29 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 25 mole percent cobalt ion.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is copper, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and copper ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and copper ions are proportionately present in said solution as 17 to 73 mole percent phosphate ion, 7 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 7 to 34 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 31 mole percent copper ion.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 12 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and copper ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and copper ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 33 to 66 mole percent phosphate ion, 10 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 10 to 27 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 25 mole percent copper ion.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is iron, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and iron ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and iron ions are proportionately present in said solution as 18 to 71 mole percent phosphate ion, 4 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 2 to 37 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent iron ion.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 14 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and iron ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and iron ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 33 to 70 mole percent phosphate ion, 7 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 5 to 32 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 25 mole percent iron ion.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is lithium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and lithium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and lithium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 16 to 71 mole percent phosphate ion, 6 to 33 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 29 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 36 mole percent lithium ion.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 16 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and lithium ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and lithium ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 33 to 66 mole percent phosphate ion, 10 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 5 to 27 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 25 mole percent lithium ion.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is nickel, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and nickel ions is between 0.01 and 0.85 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and nickel ions are proportionately present in said solution as 36 to 77 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 39 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 34 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 55 mole percent nickel ion.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 18 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and nickel ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and nickel ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 38 to 73 mole percent phosphate ion, 5 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 5 to 27 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 50 mole percent nickel ion.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is potassium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and potassium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and potassium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 41 to 67 mole percent phosphate ion, 8 to 35 mole percent chromate ion, 3 to 24 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 36 mole percent potassium ion.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 20 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and potassium ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and potassium ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 43 to 63 mole percent phosphate ion, 10 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 6 to 19 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 33 mole percent potassium ion.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is sodium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and sodium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and sodium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 43 to 72 mole percent phosphate ion, 9 to 41 mole percent chromate ion, 3 to 22 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 36 mole percent sodium ion.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 22 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and sodium ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and sodium ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 45 to 66 mole percent phosphate ion, 11 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 5 to 19 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 25 mole percent sodium ion.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is strontium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and strontium ions is between 0.01 and 0.90 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and strontium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 8 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 7 to 36 mole percent chromate ion, 7 to 35 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 28 mole percent strontium ion.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 24 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and strontium ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and strontium ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 33 to 69 mole percent phosphate ion, 10 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 10 to 26 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 25 mole percent strontium ion.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
84 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein a cation is zinc, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and zinc ions is between 0.01 and 1.00 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and zinc ions are proportionately present in said solution as 29 to 78 mole percent phosphate ion, 9 to 40 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 33 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 18 mole percent zinc ion.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
79 words
A composition according to claim 26 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and zinc ions is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and zinc ions, are proportionately present in said solution as 33 to 68 mole percent phosphate ion, 12 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 4 to 25 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 16 mole percent zinc ion.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
102 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations is between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations are proportionately present in said solution as 33 to 73 mole percent phosphate ion, 5 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 4 to 45 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 50 mole percent cation, and wherein said molar concentration of silicate ions is from 0.5 to 20 percent of said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
144 words
A composition for providing a transparent protective coating consisting essentially of a solution containing phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions, silicate ions and at least two cations from the group consisting of aluminum, beryllium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lithium, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium, strontium and zinc; said solution having a molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations of between 0.01 and 1.0 mole per 100 ml. of solvent; said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations being proportionately present in said solution as 8 to 78 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 45 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 56 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 55 mole percent cation; said solution having a molar concentration of silicate ions from 0.01 to 33 percent of said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
168 words
A method of providing a surface with a transparent, cured protective coating, which comprises the steps of: coating said surface with a composition consisting essentially of a solution containing phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions, silicate ions and cations from the group consisting of aluminum, beryllium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lithium, nickel, potassium, sodium, strontium and zinc, and curing said coating so as to render it substantially water insoluble; said solution having a molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations of between 0.01 and 1.0 moles per 100 ml. of solvent; said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations being proportionally present in said solution as 8 to 78 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 45 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 56 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 55 mole percent cation; said solution having a molar concentration of silicate ions of from 0.01 to 33 percent of said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 30 adapted to protect a metallic surface.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method according to claim 31 wherein said metallic surface is stainless steel.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 31 wherein said metallic surface is brass.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 31 wherein said metallic surface is silver.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 31 wherein said metallic surface is aluminum.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claiM 30 adapted to protect a glass surface.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is aluminum wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and aluminum ions is between 0.01 and 0.87 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and aluminum ions are proportionately present in said solution as 35 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 28 mole percent chromate ion, 3 to 33 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent aluminum ion.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is beryllium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and beryllium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and beryllium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 26 to 67 mole percent phosphate ion, 6 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 8 to 33 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent beryllium ion.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is calcium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and calcium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and calcium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 17 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 7 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 6 to 34 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 17 mole percent calcium ion.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
82 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is chromium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and chromium ions is between 0.01 and 1.00 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and chromium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 34 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 45 mole percent chromate ion, 1-56 mole % ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent chromium ion.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is cobalt, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cobalt ions is between 0.01 and 0.90 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cobalt ions are proportionately present in said solution as 27 to 70 mole percent phosphate ion, 4 to 36 mole percent chromate ion, 5 to 37 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 43 mole percent cobalt ion.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 41 adapted to protect a metallic surface.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method according to claim 42 wherein said metallic surface is stainless steel.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 42 wherein said metallic surface is brass.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 42 wherein said metallic surface is silver.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 42 wherein said metallic surface is aluminum.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is copper, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and copper ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and copper ions are proportionately present in said solution as 17 to 73 mole percent phosphate ion, 7 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 7 to 34 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 31 mole percent copper ion.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is iron, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and iron ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ioNs, chromate ions, ammonium ions and iron ions are proportionately present in said solution as 18 to 71 mole percent phosphate ion, 4 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 2 to 37 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent iron ion.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is lithium wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and lithium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and lithium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 16 to 71 mole percent phosphate ion, 6 to 33 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 29 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 36 mole percent lithium ion.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is nickel, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and nickel ions is between 0.01 and 0.85 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and nickel ions are proportionately present in said solution as 36 to 77 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 39 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 34 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 55 mole percent nickel ion.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is potassium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and potassium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and potassium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 41 to 67 mole percent phosphate ion, 8 to 35 mole percent chromate ion, 3 to 24 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 36 mole percent potassium ion.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is sodium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and sodium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and sodium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 43 to 72 mole percent phosphate ion, 9 to 41 mole percent chromate ion, 3 to 22 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 36 mole percent sodium ion.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is strontium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and strontium ions is between 0.01 and 0.90 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and strontium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 8 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 7 to 36 mole percent chromate ion, 7 to 35 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 28 mole percent strontium ion.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein a cation is zinc, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and zinc ions is between 0.01 and 1.00 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and zinc ions are proportionately present in said solution as 29 to 78 mole percent phosphate ion, 9 to 40 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 33 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 18 mole percent zinc ion.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 30 adapted to provide a colored protective coating which includes the step of adding pigments or dies to the coating solution.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein said coating is cured by heating said surface at a temperature of at least 400*F for a period of from 2 seconds to 4 hours.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
102 words
A method according to claim 30 wherein said molar concentraTion of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations is between 0.2 and 0.6 moles per 100 ml. of solvent, wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations are proportionately present in said solution as 33 to 73 mole percent phosphate ion, 5 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 4 to 45 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 50 mole percent cation, and wherein said molar concentration of silicate ions is from 0.5 to 20 percent of said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations.
Claim 57
Independent Claim
172 words
A method of providing a surface with a transparent, cured protective coating, which comprises the steps of: coating said surface with a composition consisting essentially of a solution containing phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions, silicate ions and at least two cations from the group consisting of aluminum, beryllium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, ion, litium, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium, strontium and zinc, and curing said coating so as to render it substantially water insoluble; said solution having a molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations of between 0.01 and 1.0 mole per 100 ml. of solvent; said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations being proportionately present in said solution as 8 to 78 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 45 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 56 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 55 mole percent cation; said solution having a molar concentration of silicate ions of from 0.01 to 33 percent of said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 58 adapted to protect a metallic surface.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method according to claim 59 wherein said metallic surface is stainless steel.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 59 wherein said metallic surface is brass.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 59 wherein said metallic surface is aluminum.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 58 adapted to protect a glass surface.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
175 words
A composite article comprising a layer of metal or glass adhered to at least one layer of a substantially water insoluble, transparent, cured protective coating of cations selected from the group consisting of aluminum, beryllium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lithium, nickel, potassium, sodium, strontium and zinc and anionic polymeric chains of phosphorus, chromium, oxygen and silicon atoms: said coating having been formed from a solution of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions, silicate ions and cations; said solution having a molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations of between 0.01 and 1.0 mole per 100 ml. of solvent; said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations being proportionately present in said solution as 8 to 78 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 45 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 56 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 55 mole percent cation; said solution having a molar concentration of silicate ions of from 0.01 to 33 percent of said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composite article according to claim 64 wherein said protective coating is less than 0.0005 inch thick.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composite article according to claim 64 wherein a layer of said protective coating is adhered to a metallic surface.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composite article according to claim 66 wherein said metallic surface is stainless steel.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composite article according to claim 66 wherein said metallic surface is brass.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composite article according to claim 66 wherein said metallic surface is aluminum.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composite article according to claim 66 wherein said metallic surface is silver.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composite article according to claim 64 wherein a layer of said protective coating is adhered to a glass surface.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composite article according to claim 64 wherein said protective coating is transparent and colorless.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composite article according to claim 64 wherein said protective coating is transparent and colored.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64, having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is aluminum, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and aluminum ions is between 0.01 and 0.87 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and aluminum ions are proportionately present in said solution as 35 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 28 mole percent chromate ion, 3 to 33 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent aluminum ion.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64, having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is beryllium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and beryllium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and beryllium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 26 to 67 mole percent phosphate ion, 6 to 32 mole percent chromate ions, 8 to 33 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent beryllium ion.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64 having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is calcium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and calcium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and calcium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 17 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 7 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 6 to 34 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 17 mole percent calcium ion.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64 having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is chromium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and chromium ions is between 0.01 and 1.00 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and chromium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 34 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 45 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 56 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent chromium ion.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64 having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is cobalt, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cobalt ions is between 0.01 and 0.90 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cobalt ions are proportionately present in said solution as 27 to 70 mole percent phosphate ion, 4 to 36 mole percent chromate ion, 5 to 37 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 43 mole percent cobalt ion.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composite article according to claim 78 wherein a layer of said protective coating is adhered to a metallic surface.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composite article according to claim 79 wherein said metallic surface is stainless steel.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composite article according to claim 79 wherein said metallic surface is brass.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composite article according to claim 79 wherein said metallic surface is aluminum.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composite article according to claim 79 wherein said metallic surface is silver.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64 having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is copper, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammoniuM ions and copper ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and copper ions are proportionately present in said solution as 17 to 73 mole percent phosphate ion, 7 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 7 to 34 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 31 mole percent copper ion.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64 having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is iron, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and iron ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and iron ions are proportionately present in said solution as 18 to 71 mole percent phosphate ions, 4 to 32 mole percent chromate ion, 2 to 37 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 41 mole percent iron ion.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64, having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is lithium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and lithium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and lithium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 16 to 71 mole percent phosphate ion, 6 to 33 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 29 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 36 mole percent lithium ion.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
91 words
A composite article according to claim 64 having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is nickel, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and nickel ions is between 0.01 and 0.85 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein saidphosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and nickel ions are proportionately present in said solution as 36 to 77 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 39 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 34 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 55 mole percent nickel ion.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64 having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is potassium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and potassium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and potassium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 41 to 67 mole percent phosphate ion, 8 to 35 mole percent chromate ion, 3 to 24 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 36 mole percent potassium ion.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
91 words
A composite article according to claim 64 having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is sodium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and sodium ions is between 0.01 and 0.80 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and sodium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 43 to 72 mole percent phosphate ion, 9 to 41 mole percent chromate ion, 3 to 22 mole percent ammonium and 0.01 to 36 mole percent sodium ion.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64 having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is strontium, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and strontium ions is between 0.01 and 0.90 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and strontium ions are proportionately present in said solution as 8 to 74 mole percent phosphate ion, 7 to 36 mole percent chromate ion, 7 to 35 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 28 mole percent stroNtium ion.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composite article according to claim 64 having a coating formed from a solution wherein a cation is zinc, wherein said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and zinc ions is between 0.01 and 1.00 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, and wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and zinc ions are proportionately present in said solution as 29 to 78 mole percent phosphate ion, 9 to 40 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 33 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 18 mole percent zinc ion.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
111 words
A composite article according to claim 64 wherein said coating is formed from a solution having a molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations of between 0.2 and 0.6 mole per 100 ml. of solvent, wherein said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations are proportionately present in said solution as 33 to 73 mole percent phosphate ion, 5 to 27 mole percent chromate ion, 4 to 45 mole percent ammonium ion and 5 to 50 mole percent cation, and wherein said molar concentration of silicate ions is from 0.5 to 20 percent of said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
179 words
A composite article comprising a layer of metal or glass adhered to at least one layer of a substantially water insoluble, transparent, cured protective coating of at least two cations selected from the group consisting of aluminum, beryllium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lithium, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium, strontium and zinc and anionic polymeric chains of phosphorus, chromium, oxygen and silicon atoms: said coating having been formed from a solution of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions, silicate ions and cations; said solution having a molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations of between 0.01 and 1.0 mole per 100 ml. of solvent; said phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations being proportionately present in said solution as 8 to 78 mole percent phosphate ion, 2 to 45 mole percent chromate ion, 1 to 56 mole percent ammonium ion and 0.01 to 55 mole percent cation; said solution having a molar concentration of silicate ions of from 0.01 to 33 percent of said molar concentration of phosphate ions, chromate ions, ammonium ions and cations.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composite article according to claim 93 wherein said protective coating is less than 0.0005 inch thick.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composite article according to claim 93 wherein a layer of said protective coating is adhered to a metallic surface.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composite article according to claim 95 wherein said metallic surface is stainless steel.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composite article according to claim 95 wherein said metallic surface is brass.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composite article according to claim 95 wherein said metallic surface is aluminum.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composite article according to claim 95 wherein said metallic surface is silver.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composite article according to claim 93 wherein a layer of said protective coating is adhered to a glass surface.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composite article according to claim 93 wherein said protective coating is transparent and colorless.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composite article according to claim 93 wherein said protective coating is transparent and colored.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2835618A
Cited
US3703419A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-03-18 | 1977-09-17 | 1978-03-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-03-18 | 1981-09-17 | 1982-03-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-03-18 | 1985-09-17 | 1986-03-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |