US3793185A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Sorbent for removal of heavy metals
Assignee: CGEE ALSTHOM NORTH AMERICA Inc
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Filing: 1973-05-30
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Granted: 1974-02-19
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Expires: 1993-05-30
Abstract
Abstract A novel use for sorbents involving the selective removal of heavy metals from liquid streams has been discovered. More specifically it has been discovered that these sorbents selectively remove alkyl lead moieties from gasoline. The sorbents are comprised of metal halides (preferably tin tetrachloride or antimony pentachloride) bonded to a suitable substrate through at least one amine or alkyl halide functional group. The sorbents can be effectively regenerated.
Inventors
- 👤 D Whitehurst
- 👤 S Butter
- 👤 P Rodewald
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 19:37
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G25/00; C10G25/02; B; B01; B01J; B01J20/00; B01J20/22; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S502/00; Y10S502/515
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
16 words
The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said minimum surface area is about 10 m2/g.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as claimed in claim 2 wherein said minimum pore diameter is about 10 A.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method as claimed in claim 3 wherein said metal is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Cu, Ag, Zn, Cd, Hg, Al, Sn, Pb, P, As, Sb, Bi, S, Se and Te.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as claimed in claim 4 wherein said metal halides have Lewis acid character.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method as claimed in claim 5 wherein said heavy metal contaminants are lead alkyl moieties said substantially hydrocarbon liquid solution is gasoline, and said contacting is carried out at about -50*C. to 100*C. and at space velocities of up to about 300 LHSV.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as claimed in claim 6 wherein said metal halide is tin tetrachloride.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as claimed in claim 6 wherein said metal halide is antimony pentachloride.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method as claimed in claim 6 wherein said substrate is an oxide of at least one of the elements selected from the group consisting of B, Bi, Al, Si, Ga, Sn, Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Mo, W, Mg and Fe.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method as claimed in claim 9 wherein said element is Al.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method as claimed in claim 9 wherein said element is Si.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method as claimed in claim 9 wherein said element is Ti.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method as claimed in claim 9 wherein said sorbent is further modified by the addition of nitriles having weak Lewis base character.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method as claimed in claim 11 wherein said oxide is SiO2.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as claimed in claim 14 wherein said amine functional member is a primary amine.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as claimed in claim 14 wherein said amine functional member is a secondary amine.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as claimed in claim 14 wherein said amine functional member is a tertiary amine.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method as claimed in claim 17 wherein said tertiary amine is N,N'',N''-trimethyl- gamma -propyl ethylene diamine.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as claimed in claim 18 wherein said metal halide is tin tetrachloride.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as claimed in claim 18 wherein said metal halide is antimony pentachloride.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
183 words
In a process for distributing and dispensing motor fuel comprising transportation means and storage means used alternatively for leaded and unleaded fuels and at least one substantially lead-free fuel dispensing station comprising storage means; pumping means; conduit means connecting said storage means and said pump; and conduit discharge means from said pump; the improvement which comprises contacting said fuel with a sorbent comprising a substrate having a minimum surface area range of about 10 m2/g to 800 m2/g and having pores with a minimum pore diameter range of about 10 A. to 500 A., said substrate being modified by at least one amine functional group, said substrate being further modified by at least one metal halide the metal of said metal halide, being a Group IB, IIB, IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA or VIII metal having an atomic number of at least 13, said functional member acting as a bridging member between said substrate and said metal halide, said contacting being carried out at about -50*C. to 100*C. and at space velocities of up to about 300 LHSV; and removing said substantially lead-free gasoline.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as claimed in claim 21 wherein said minimum surface area is about 10 m2/g.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as claimed in claim 22 wherein said minimum pore diameter is about 10 A.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process as claimed in claim 23 wherein said metal halides have Lewis acid character.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as claimed in claim 20 wherein said amine functional group is a primary amine.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as claimed in claim 20 wherein said amine functional group is a secondary amine.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as claimed in claim 20 wherein said amine functional group is a tertiary amine.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process as claimed in claim 23 wherein said tertiary amine is N,N'' ,N'' -trimethyl- gamma -propyl ethylene diamine.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process as claimed in claim 28 wherein said metal halide is tin tetrachloride.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system as claimed in claim 28 wherein said metal halide is antimony pentachloride.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process as claimed in claim 28 wherein said sorbent is located in said pump discharge means so that said fuel passes through said sorbent as it is pumped.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process as claimed in claim 31 wherein a absorption material is located upstream of said sorbent to effect water removal.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method claimed in claim 1 wherein said method further comprises regenerating said sorbent by removing said metal contaminants by means of acid extraction, followed by adding a metal halide.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
145 words
A method of regenerating a lead removal sorbent comprising a porous substrate bonded to a metal halide by means of an amine functional member, said method of regeneration comprising sequentially washing a spent sorbent, that is, one no longer active for lead removal due to prolonged use, with about 15 volumes of benzene, methanol and water; passing about 25 volumes of about 20 percent hydrochloric acid over said spent sorbent; washing sequentially said acid reacted sorbent with about fifteen volumes of 0.1 N NaOH and methanol; drying said sorbent; passing a metal halide over said sorbent in a proportion of about 1:5 metal halide to sorbent, said metal halide being in solution with a solvent in a proportion of about 1:15 metal halide to solvent as it is passed over the sorbent; washing said sorbent with about 10 volumes of solvent; and drying said sorbent.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-02-18 | 1977-08-20 | 1978-02-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-02-18 | 1981-08-20 | 1982-02-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-02-18 | 1985-08-20 | 1986-02-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |