Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
237 words
The galvanic cell device for detecting and measuring fluctuations in the concentration level, in a flowing gas stream, of a gaseous component selected from the group consisting of oxygen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide and a mixture thereof which comprises: measuring means and sensing means for an autogeneously generated potential difference; the sensing means consisting essentially of a substantially enclosed cell adapted to permit passage of the gas stream therethrough and containing an aqueous electrolyte solution in addition to first and second electrodes each formed of the same metal the electrodes being connected (1) electrically, via the potential difference measuring means and (2) electrolytically, via the aqueous electrolyte solution and the cell being without means for impressing a potential across the electrodes; said first electrode being a sample electrode having a foraminous structure and said electrode having a surface adapted to be exposed to said flowing gas stream and to have zones in which gas stream, electrolyte solution and metal surface meet to form a three-phase boundary; said second electrode being a reference electrode adapted to be in contact with an unchanging environment with respect to the gas stream component to be detected and measured; said aqueous electrolyte solution containing a mobile soluble ion and being not destructively reactive with the electrode metal under test conditions; and means for bringing the flowing gas stream to and from the sample electrode.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
50 words
The device as in claim 2 in which each electrode is planar in form, the electrodes being substantially horizontally disposed, slightly spaced apart, substantially parallel and co-aligned and suspended in the electrolyte solution, one of the electrodes being foraminous and only partly submerged and the other electrode being entirely submerged.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
68 words
The device as in claim 2 in which the electrodes are substantially vertically disposed and separated by a porous membrane with which each electrode is in substantial contact, the electrodes being adjacent and above the electrolyte solution, the membrane extending into and being wetted by and having wicking action toward the said electrolyte solution, and the electrolyte solution being taken up substantially throughout the extent of the membrane.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The device as in claim 4 in which the electrodes and membrane are each substantially in the form of contiguous concentric cylindrical shells.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
The device as in claim 5 in which the sample stream is adapted to flow through a space defined by the inside surface of the innermost concentric shell-Form electrode which is the sample electrode.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
76 words
The device as in claim 5 in which the innermost concentric shell-form electrode is the reference electrode and fits around a solid core support, the means for bringing the gas stream to and from the sample electrode includes a body shell surrounding the concentric array of electrodes and membrane and spaced apart therefrom to provide an annulus through which the gas stream is adapted to flow, the outer electrode in the array being the sample electrode.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
The device as in claim 4 in which the electrolyte solution is about a 5 to 15 per cent by weight aqueous solution of an inorganic electrolyte and the membrane is about 0.5 to about 1 mil thick.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
77 words
The device as in claim 2 in which the first electrode has zones thereof in which the gas stream, the electrolyte solution and the metal surface of the electrode itself meet along a line that constitutes a three-phase boundary and the ratio of the total length of three-phase boundary to the gas contact area of the electrode is at least about 340, length and area being expressed in terms of the same basic units of linear measurement.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
71 words
The device as in claim 2 in which each electrode is disposed in a respective arm of a U-tube having electrolyte solution therein, the electrodes each being adjacent and above the electrolyte solution and each electrode having a wick-like porous membrane in substantially coextensive contact therewith, each membrane extending into the electrolyte solution and being wetted thereby, and the electrolyte solution being taken up substantially throughout the extent of each membrane.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The device as in claim 2 in which the potential difference measuring means is a potentiometric apparatus.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The device as in claim 2 in which the potential difference measuring means is an amperometric apparatus.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
36 words
The device as in claim 2 in which the metal of which the electrodes are made is a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, platinum, palladium, copper, aluminum, iron, 316 stainless steel, and lead.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
36 words
The device as in claim 2 in which the electrodes are each made of silver and the electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution of a compound selected from the group consisting of NaOH, NaCl and AgNO3.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
36 words
The device as in claim 2 in which the electrodes are each made of platinum and the electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution of a compound selected from the group consisting of NaOH, NaCl and PtCl4.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
37 words
The device as in claim 2 in which the electrodes are each made of copper and the electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution of a compound selected from the group consisting of CuCl2, CuCl2.2 NH4Cl and CuSO4.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
35 words
The device as in claim 2 in which the electrodes are each made of aluminum and the electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution of a compound selected from the group consisting of Al2(SO4)3 and AlCl3.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
The device as in claim 2 in which the electrodes are each made of lead and the electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution of a compound selected from the group consisting of Pb(NO3)2 and Pb(C2H3O2)2.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
179 words
The method of detecting the fluctuations in the concentration level, in a flowing gas stream, of a gaseous component selected from the group consisting of oxygen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide and a mixture thereof which comprises: providing a sample electrode and a reference electrode of substantially the same metal, a porous membrane, and a reservoir containing an aqueous electrolyte solution, the electrodes being separated by and each in contact with the porous membrane, the membrane extending into and being wetted by and haVing wicking action toward the electrolyte solution and the electrolyte solution being taken up substantiaLly throughout the extent of the membrane, said electrolyte solution containing a mobile soluble ion and being not destructively reactive with the electrodes, both electrodes being electrically connected via potential difference measuring means, conducting said gas stream over the sample electrode without contacting the reference electrode or the electrolyte solution in the reservoir, and measuring changes in potential difference between the electrodes as a consequence of said fluctuations without impressing a potential across the electrodes.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method as in claim 19 in which the reference electrode is provided with a controlled environment that contains a concentration of the said gaseous component such that the reference electrode does not alternately function as cathode and anode as a result of fluctuations in concentration of the said gaseous component being detected in the flowing gas stream.