US3785198A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Scratch resistance tester
Assignee: Lonza AG
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Filing: 1972-06-13
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Granted: 1974-01-15
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Expires: 1992-06-13
Abstract
Abstract A scratch resistance or hardness tester is disclosed wherein a test point is guided across two flat parallel surfaces of a test specimen. The testing point is loaded in the direction of one of the surfaces of the test specimen and is disposed movably in that direction. A path or track, along which the test point and a receiving surface for the test specimen, against which the other of its two flat parallel surfaces is intended to fit, are movable relative to one another in order to guide the test point across the first mentioned surface of the test specimen. The path together with the receiving surfaces enclose or form an acute angle. The test point is loaded with the force of a pendulum which increases when there is an increased deflection from its rest position.
Inventors
- 👤 J Heetman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 16:14
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N3/00; G01N3/40; G01N3/42; G01N3/46
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
213 words
A scratch resistance tester which comprises: a. a support which contains a flat receiving surface; b. a substantially vertical gravity pendulum; c. a test point rigidly connected to an arm extending from said pendulum and adapted to contact a flat test specimen received on said flat receiving surface of said support; and d. a substantially horizontal track at substantially right angles to a vertical plane containing said pivot axis of said pendulum, said support being movably along said track, the distance between said track and said flat receiving surface being shorter at the end towards said pivot axis so that said pendulum is deflected from its lowest or rest position when said support is moved along said track towards said pivot axis, said test point contacting said flat test specimen on said flat receiving surface, moving over the surface of said flat test surface when said support is moved in such a manner, the test surface being scratched by said test point during said movement, the force on said test point increasing as said pendulum is moved further from its lowest or rest point, and the longitudinal direction of said track enclosing, with the tangent of the movement of said test point produced by said deflection of said pendulum, substantially a right angle.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
213 words
A scratch resistance tester which comprises: a. a support which contains a flat receiving surface; b. a substantially vertical gravity pendulum; c. a test point rigidly connected to an arm extending from said pendulum and adapted to contact a flat test specimen received on said flat receiving surface of said support; and d. a substantially horizontal track at substantially right angles to a vertical plane containing said pivot axis of said pendulum, said support being movably along said track, the distance between said track and said flat receiving surface being shorter at the end towards said pivot axis so that said pendulum is deflected from its lowest or rest position when said support is moved along said track towards said pivot axis, said test point contacting said flat test specimen on said flat receiving surface, moving over the surface of said flat test surface when said support is moved in such a manner, the test surface being scratched by said test point during said movement, the force on said test point increasing as said pendulum is moved further from its lowest or rest point, and the longitudinal direction of said track enclosing, with the tangent of the movement of said test point produced by said deflection of said pendulum, substantially a right angle.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The scratch resistance tEster of claim 1 wherein said flat receiving surface of said support encloses, with the path of movement of said support, an adjustable angle.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The scratch resistance tester of claim 1 wherein said support is a cradle that is slidable on said track.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The scratch resistance tester of claim 1 wherein said flat receiving surface of said support can be heated or cooled.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
31 words
The scratch resistance tester of claim 1 wherein said pendulum contains a pendulum weight that is adjustable along its arm, the pivot axis of said pendulum being parallel to said track.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
50 words
The scratch resistance tester of claim 1 which contains a toggle lever, one arm of which carries a weight and constitutes said pendulum, and on the other arm of which said testing point is attached, said toggle lever being located so that its pivot axis is perpendicular to said track.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
The scratch resistance tester of claim 1 wherein said pendulum is adjustable in the direction of the pendulum axis for the successive recording of several adjacent test traces on the surface of said test specimen.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
41 words
The scratch resistance tester of claim 1 wherein several pendulums are used, each loading a test point and arranged coaxially or axparallel, one beside the other, for the simultaneous recording of several test traces on the surface of said test specimen.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
67 words
The process of testing a flat test specimen using the scratch resistance tester of claim 1 which comprises placing said flat test specimen on said flat receiving surface, contacting said test point with said flat test specimen, advancing said support along said track towards said pivot axis, disengaging said test point from said flat test specimen, and removing said flat test specimen from said flat receiving surface.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
67 words
The process of testing a flat test specimen using the scratch resistance tester of claim 2 which comprises placing said flat test specimen on said flat receiving surface, contacting said test point with said flat test specimen, advancing said support along said track towards said pivot axis, disengaging said test point from said flat test specimen, and removing said flat test specimen from said flat receiving surface.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
74 words
The process of testing a flat test specimen using the scratch resistance tester of claim 4 which comprises placing said flat test specimen on said flat receiving surface, heating or cooling said flat test specimen, contacting said test point with said flat test specimen, advancing said support along said track towards said pivot axis, disengaging said test point from said flat test specimen, and removing said flat test specimen from said flat receiving surface.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2279264A
Cited
US2801540A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-01-14 | 1977-07-16 | 1978-01-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-01-14 | 1981-07-16 | 1982-01-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-01-14 | 1985-07-16 | 1986-01-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |