US3781896A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Engulfed superdirective arrays
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1969-11-12
•
Granted: 1973-12-25
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Expires: 1989-11-12
Abstract
Abstract An array of elements which provides improved directivity characteristics when engulfed in a low-velocity refractive medium having an effective array length in the direction of propagation not exceeding any of the corresponding transverse dimensions of the engulfment.
Inventors
- 👤 W Toulis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 09:54
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01Q; H01Q19/00; H01Q19/06; H01Q19/062; H01Q21/00; H01Q21/06; H01Q21/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 7
Claim 1
Independent Claim
85 words
A superdirective array antenna comprising: a plurality of phased radiation elements spatially disposed in a curved array forming one or more sharp radiation patterns in space; and a refractive medium engulfing substantially only the effective extent of said array and operable for enhancing path-length differences and phase-interference effects duplicating substantially the directivity of said array in infinite space of said refractive medium, said refractive medium comprising a lower wave velocity medium engulfing each said radiation element within an overall engulfing medium of higher wave velocity.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
85 words
A superdirective array antenna comprising: a plurality of phased radiation elements spatially disposed in a curved array forming one or more sharp radiation patterns in space; and a refractive medium engulfing substantially only the effective extent of said array and operable for enhancing path-length differences and phase-interference effects duplicating substantially the directivity of said array in infinite space of said refractive medium, said refractive medium comprising a lower wave velocity medium engulfing each said radiation element within an overall engulfing medium of higher wave velocity.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The superdirective array of claim 1 wherein: said refractive medium has a curved geometrical shape.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The superdirective array of claim 1 wherein: said separate engulfments are truncated.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The superdirective array of claim 1 wherein: the engulfing medium has discrete layers of varying wave velocities.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
The superdirective array of claim 1 wherein: the wave velocity of said engulfing medium is continuously variable.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The superdirective array of claim 1 wherein: an outside surface of said engulfing medium has curved sections corresponding to each radiation element.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-12-24 | 1977-06-25 | 1977-12-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-12-24 | 1981-06-25 | 1981-12-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-12-24 | 1985-06-25 | 1985-12-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |