Means for determining distance

Claim 2

Means for determining the distance between two measuring points, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distance between the measuring points, the light reflectors comprising retroreflectors having means to reflect light rays from these parallel to light rays falling upon them.

Claim 3

Means according to claim 1, in which the light emitter consists essentially of a gas laser.

Claim 4

Means according to claim 1, including a pulsing device arranged in the path of the ray emitted from the light emitter, said pulsing device including means to separate the light ray into light pulses.

Claim 5

Means according to claim 1, in which said optical transducer comprises separating devices arranged in the paths of the light rays falling on and reflected by each retro-reflector, said separating devices separating the light ray falling on each reflector into two parallel and equal partial light rays which in opposite directions cover the same path in said reflector and said separating devices further include means to combine the partial light rays reflected from the reflector to form a single reflected light ray which is not affected by angular faults in the reflEctor.

Claim 6

Means for determining the distance between two measuring points, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distance between the measuring points, the optical measuring arms being parallel.

Claim 7

Means for determining the distance between two measuring points, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distance between the measuring points, the optical measuring arms being parallel.

Claim 8

Means for determining the distance between two measuring points, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distance between the measuring points, the optical transducer comprising devices arranged to separate light rays emitted from the light emitter into partial light rays, one for each optical measuring arm.

Claim 9

Means for determining the distance between two measuring points, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distance between the measuring points, the optical transducer comprising devices arranged to separate light rays emitted from the light emitter into partial light rays, one for each optical measuring arm.

Claim 10

Means for determining the distance between two measuring points, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distance between the measuring points, the detector comprising a detecting unit for each measuring arm and comparison devices connected to these units, the output signals of the comparison devices constituting a gauge of the alteration in distance between two measuring points.

Claim 11

Means for determining the distance between two measuring points, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distance between the measuring points, the detector comprising a detecting unit for each measuring arm and comparison devices connected to these units, the output signals of the comparison devices constituting a gauge of the alteration in distance between two measuring points.

Claim 12

Means for determining the distance between two measuring points, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distance between the measuring points, the optical transducer comprising means operable, when the light ray directed from the light emitter falls upon a first measuring arm and the reflected light ray from the first measuring arm falls on a second measuring arm, the reflected light ray from the second measuring arm being supplied to the detector, to reflect the light ray sent out an odd number of times before it is supplied to the detector.

Claim 13

Means for determining the distance between two measuring points, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distance between the measuring points, the optical transducer comprising means operable, when the light ray directed from the light emitter falls upon a first measuring arm and the reflected light ray from the first measuring arm falls on a second measuring arm, the reflected light ray from the second measuring arm being supplied to the detector, to reflect the light ray sent out an odd number of times before it is supplied to the detector.

Claim 14

In combination with a pair of rollers, means for determining roller distances, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distaNce between the measuring points, in which each roller in the pair includes an optical measuring arm, said measuring arm being arranged in an axial hole arranged in the roller, each light reflector being arranged in one of said rollers centrally therein with respect to the roller surface.

Claim 15

In combination with a pair of rollers, means for determining roller distances, which comprises an optical transducer, said transducer comprising an optical measuring arm arranged at each measuring point, a light reflector arranged at each measuring point, a light emitter for the optical measuring arms, arranged to send out light rays directed towards the light reflectors in the measuring points, and a detector arranged to receive light rays reflected from the light reflectors and including means responsive to the displacement to which these reflected light rays have been subjected by an alteration in the distaNce between the measuring points, in which each roller in the pair includes an optical measuring arm, said measuring arm being arranged in an axial hole arranged in the roller, each light reflector being arranged in one of said rollers centrally therein with respect to the roller surface.

Claim 16

In a device according to claim 1, in which said light reflectors each comprises a retro-reflector arranged centrally with respect to the roller surface, in an axial hole in each roller, light rays falling on the retro-reflector through said axial hole being reflected back through said hole parallel to the approaching light rays.

Claim 17

In a device according to claim 9, including a ray separator for separating the light rays from the light emitter into two partial light rays, each of which constitutes the light ray associated with one of the rollers.

Claim 18

In a device according to claim 9, the detector including means to detect the vertical displacement the light rays reflected from the light reflectors have been subjected to due to alterations in the distance between the rollers.

Claim 19

In a device according to claim 12, in which the light reflectors comprise a first retro-reflector arranged in a first roller of a pair and a second retro-reflector in the second roller of a pair, a first reflector for reflecting the light ray from first rectro-reflector arranged outside said first roller, a second reflector in the path of the light ray reflected from said first reflector arranged outside a second roller in said pair, the light ray reflected from said second reflector impinging on said second retro-reflector, and a detector in the path of the light ray reflected from said second retro-reflector arranged outside said second roller.

Claim 20

In a device according to claim 13, an optical member arranged in the path of the light ray between said light emitter and the detector for producing a further reflection of the light ray emitted so that the total number of reflections of the light ray is odd.

Claim 21

In a device according to claim 9, the optical transducer comprising centering means arranged in the hollow of each of the rollers in the paths of the light rays falling on or reflected by a retro-reflector, means attaching said centering means to the respective rollers in such a way that the approaching and reflected light rays will follow the eccentric rotary movement of the retro-reflector so that a light ray reflected from the retro-reflector which has passed the centering means is not affected by errors in centering of the retro-reflector with respect to the axis of rotation of the roller.

Claim 22

In a device according to claim 15, each of the centering device comprising an optically transparent plate placed obliquely with respect to the axis of rotation of a roller.