US3774426A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Apparatus for and method of forming a workpiece
Assignee: United States Steel Corp
•
Filing: 1971-03-24
•
Granted: 1973-11-27
•
Expires: 1991-03-24
Abstract
Abstract An apparatus for and method of forming a workpiece are disclosed. A. The apparatus for forming a workpiece has a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of the body, the die being adapted to register with the workpiece and the cavity and utilized for forming the workpiece. A ram is adjacent the die assembly in registry with the workpiece and the die. Lubricating means are adjacent the workpiece for coating one side of the workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles. The particles have a diameter less than about five microns to prevent one member of the die and the ram from picking up workpiece particles during the forming operation. The ram is operable to move the workpiece through the die and into the cavity to form the workpiece without embedding the abrasive particles in the one side of the workpiece thereby eliminating weakening of the wall of the one side of the formed workpiece, contamination of the one side of the workpiece with abrasive particles and reduced reflectivity of the one side of the formed workpiece. B. A method of forming a workpiece includes the steps of: A. RECEIVING THE WORKPIECE IN A DIE ASSEMBLY HAVING A BODY PROVIDED WITH A CAVITY ADAPTED TO RECEIVE THE FORMED WORKPIECE AND A DIE AT ONE END OF SAID BODY REGISTERING THE WORKPIECE WITH THE DIE PREPARATORY FOR FORMING THE WORKPIECE; B. POSITIONING A RAM ADJACENT THE DIE ASSEMBLY IN REGISTRY WITH THE WORKPIECE AND THE DIE; C. LUBRICATING THE WORKPIECE ON ONE SIDE OF THE WORKPIECE WITH AN ABRASIVE LUBRICANT HAVING A LIQUID VEHICLE CONTAINING FINELY DIVIDED ABRASIVE PARTICLES, THE PARTICLES HAVING A DIAMETER LESS THAN FIVE MICRONS TO PREVENT ONE MEMBER OF THE DIE AND THE RAM FROM PICKING UP WORKPIECE PARTICLES DURING THE FORMING OPERATION; AND D. MOVING THE RAM TO MOVE THE WORKPIECE THROUGH THE DIE AND INTO THE CAVITY TO FORM THE WORKPIECE WITHOUT EMBEDDING THE ABRASIVE PARTICLES IN THE ONE SIDE OF THE WORKPIECE THEREBY ELIMINATING WEAKENING OF THE WALL OF THE ONE SIDE OF THE FORMED WORKPIECE, CONTAMINATION OF THE ONE SIDE OF THE WORKPIECE WITH ABRASIVE PARTICLES AND REDUCED REFLECTIVITY OF THE ONE SIDE OF THE FORMED WORKPIECE.
Inventors
- 👤 J Jezik
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 10:03
CPC Classifications
B; B21; B21D; B21D22/00; B21D22/20; B21D22/28; B21D22/286; B21D37/00; B21D37/18
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 75
Claim 1
Independent Claim
219 words
Apparatus for forming a workpiece and having: a. a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and adapted to register with said workpiece and said cavity and for forming said workpiece; b. a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; c. lubricating means adjacent said workpiece for coating one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles; 1. said particles having a diameter less than about five microns to prevent one member of said die and said ram from picking up workpiece particles during the forming operation; d. said ram being operable to move said workpiece through said die and into said cavity to form said workpiece without embedding said abrasive particles in said one side of said workpiece thereby eliminating weakening of the wall of said one side of said formed workpiece, contamination of said one side of said workpiece with abrasive particles and reduced reflectivity of said one side of said formed workpiece; e. said abrasive lubricant contains said abrasive particles in the range by volume of about 3.3 to 20.0 percent and has a viscosity in the range of about 25 to 800 SUS.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
219 words
Apparatus for forming a workpiece and having: a. a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and adapted to register with said workpiece and said cavity and for forming said workpiece; b. a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; c. lubricating means adjacent said workpiece for coating one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles; 1. said particles having a diameter less than about five microns to prevent one member of said die and said ram from picking up workpiece particles during the forming operation; d. said ram being operable to move said workpiece through said die and into said cavity to form said workpiece without embedding said abrasive particles in said one side of said workpiece thereby eliminating weakening of the wall of said one side of said formed workpiece, contamination of said one side of said workpiece with abrasive particles and reduced reflectivity of said one side of said formed workpiece; e. said abrasive lubricant contains said abrasive particles in the range by volume of about 3.3 to 20.0 percent and has a viscosity in the range of about 25 to 800 SUS.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said die is a drawing die.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
86 words
said abrasive lubricant containing said abrasive particles in the range by volume of about 3.3 to 20.0 percent; and d. moving said ram to move said workpiece through said die and into said cavity to form said workpiece without embedding said abrasive particles in said one side of said workpiece thereby eliminating weakening of the wall of said one side of said formed workpiece, contamination of said one side of said workpiece with abrasive particles and reduced reflectivity of said one side of said formed workpiece.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
86 words
said abrasive lubricant containing said abrasive particles in the range by volume of about 3.3 to 20.0 percent; and d. moving said ram to move said workpiece through said die and into said cavity to form said workpiece without embedding said abrasive particles in said one side of said workpiece thereby eliminating weakening of the wall of said one side of said formed workpiece, contamination of said one side of said workpiece with abrasive particles and reduced reflectivity of said one side of said formed workpiece.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
98 words
said abrasive lubricant containing said abrasive particles in the range by volume of about 3.3 to 20.0 percent and has a viscosity in the range of about 25 to 800 SUS; d. moving said ram to move said workpiece through said die and into said cavity to form said workpiece without embedding said abrasive particles in said one side of said workpiece thereby eliminating weakening of the wall of said one side of said formed workpiece, contamination of said one side of said workpiece with abrasive particles and reduced reflectivity of said one side of said formed workpiece.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
98 words
said abrasive lubricant containing said abrasive particles in the range by volume of about 3.3 to 20.0 percent and has a viscosity in the range of about 25 to 800 SUS; d. moving said ram to move said workpiece through said die and into said cavity to form said workpiece without embedding said abrasive particles in said one side of said workpiece thereby eliminating weakening of the wall of said one side of said formed workpiece, contamination of said one side of said workpiece with abrasive particles and reduced reflectivity of said one side of said formed workpiece.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said die is a reducing die.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said workpiece is precoated on one side with said abrasive lubricant.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus recited in claim 3 wherein said abrasive lubricant provides a highly polished surface on said one side suitable for easy cleaning thereof, printing thereon, or coating thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said vehicle has a viscosity in the range of about 25 to 800 SUS.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said vehicle has a coefficient of friction in the range of about 0.094 to 0.236.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said vehicle is oil based.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said vehicle is water based.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
41 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said abrasive particles are one of a group consisting of alumina, emery dust, pumice stone, beryl, silica, feldspar, limestone, alpha form aluminum oxide, gamma form aluminum oxide, chrome oxide, cerium oxide, and diamond paste.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 and having hold down means for securing said workpiece in registry with said die.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said hold dOwn means is a pressure pad.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said ram has an outer punch and an inner punch.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus recited in claim 13 wherein said outer punch holds down said workpiece in registry with said die.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 and having stripping means associated with said die assembly for removing said formed workpiece from said ram.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said ram has a stripper punch for forcing said formed workpiece off said ram.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
47 words
The apparatus recited in claim 15 wherein said stripping means is disposed adjacent the other end of said body and is operable to close about said ram spaced from said formed workpiece so that said formed workpiece is stripped from said ram when said ram is retracted.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 and having a doming die adjacent said other end of said die assembly to permit said ram to form a dome in a closed end of said workpiece.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
73 words
The apparatus recited in claim 17 wherein said stripping means has a pair of half members pivoted on said die assembly, biasing means for normally maintaining said half members in the open position, and drive means associated with said half members for moving said half members into the closed position about said ram so that said workpiece is arrested by said closed half members when said ram is retracted through said die assembly.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said abrasive particles are substantially harder than said workpiece.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said die has a die insert.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
The apparatus recited in claim 21 wherein said die insert is formed of one of zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium silicate and mulite.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
The apparatus recited in claim 21 wherein said die insert has a land insert.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus recited in claim 23 wherein said land insert is formed of one of zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium silicate and mulite.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said abrasive lubricant contains abrasive particles in the range by volume of about 15 to 20%.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said formed workpiece is a container.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein said workpiece is a wire.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus recited in claim 3 wherein said workpiece is a sheet, said body is a roll, and said ram is a reducing roll.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of forming a workpiece and including the steps of: a. receiving said workpiece in a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and registering said workpiece with said die preparatory for forming said workpiece; b. positioning a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; c. lubricating said workpiece on one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles,
Claim 35
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of forming a workpiece and including the steps of: a. receiving said workpiece in a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and registering said workpiece with said die preparatory for forming said workpiece; b. positioning a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; c. lubricating said workpiece on one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles,
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the steps of registering said workpiece with a drawing die.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
17 words
ThE method recited in claim 29 including the step of registering said workpiece with a reducing die.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of precoating one side of said workpiece with said abrasive lubricant.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of producing with said abrasive lubricant a highly polished surface on said one side suitable for easy cleaning thereof, printing thereon or coating thereof.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of using a vehicle having a coefficient of friction in the range of about 0.094 to 0.236.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of using a vehicle which is oil based.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of using a vehicle which is water based.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of using abrasive particles which are one of a group consisting of alumina, emery dust, pumice stone, beryl, silica, feldspar, limestone, alpha form aluminum oxide, gamma form aluminum oxide, chrome oxide, cerium oxide, and diamond paste.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of holding down said workpiece to secure said workpiece in registry with said die.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of holding down said workpiece by a pressure pad.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method recited in claim 28 including the step of using a ram having an outer punch and an inner punch.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method recited in claim 40 including the step of holding down said workpiece in registry with said die by said outer punch.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of stripping said formed workpiece from said ram.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of stripping said workpiece from said ram by a stripper punch which forces said formed workpiece off said ram.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method recited in claim 42 including the step of stripping said workpiece from said ram by closing a stripping means about said ram spaced from said formed workpiece so that said formed workpiece is stripped from said ram when said ram is retracted.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of forming a dome in a closed end of said workpiece.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
65 words
The method recited in claim 44 including the step of pivoting a pair of half members of a stripping means on said die assembly, normally maintaining said half members in the open position, and moving said half members into the closed position about said ram so that said workpiece is arrested by said closed half members when said ram is retracted through said die assembly.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of forming said workpiece with a die having a die insert.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method recited in claim 47 including the step of forming said workpiece with a die insert formed of tungsten carbide.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method recited in claim 47 including the step of forming said workpiece with a die insert formed of one of zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium silicate and mulite.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method recited in claim 47 including the step of forming said workpiece with a die insert having a land insert.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method recited in claim 50 including the step of forming said workpiece with a land insert formed of one of zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium silicate and mulite.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of using a vehicle having a viscosity in the range of about 25 to 300 SUS.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of using a lubricant containing abrasive particles in the range by volume of about 15 to 20 percent.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of forming said workpiece into a container.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method recited in claim 29 including the step of forming said workpiece into a wire.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method recited in claim 31 including the steps of reducing said workpiece betWeen a roll and a reducing roll.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
193 words
For apparatus for forming a workpiece and having a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and adapted to register with said workpiece and said cavity and for forming said workpiece; a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; and lubricating means adjacent said workpiece for coating one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles, said particles having a diameter less than five microns to prevent one member of said die and said ram from picking up workpiece particles during the forming operation; said ram being operable to move said workpiece through said die and into said cavity to form said workpiece without embedding said abrasive particles in said one side of said workpiece thereby eliminating weakening of the wall of said one side of said formed workpiece, contamination of said one side of said workpiece with abrasive particles and reduced reflectivity of said one side of formed workpiece; a. stripper means for forcing said formed workpiece off said ram.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
193 words
For apparatus for forming a workpiece and having a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and adapted to register with said workpiece and said cavity and for forming said workpiece; a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; and lubricating means adjacent said workpiece for coating one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles, said particles having a diameter less than five microns to prevent one member of said die and said ram from picking up workpiece particles during the forming operation; said ram being operable to move said workpiece through said die and into said cavity to form said workpiece without embedding said abrasive particles in said one side of said workpiece thereby eliminating weakening of the wall of said one side of said formed workpiece, contamination of said one side of said workpiece with abrasive particles and reduced reflectivity of said one side of formed workpiece; a. stripper means for forcing said formed workpiece off said ram.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
48 words
The stripper means recited in claim 57 wherein said stripping means is disposed adjacent the other end of said body and is operable to close about said ram spaced from said formed workpiece so that said formed workpiece is stripped from said ram when said ram is retracted.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
18 words
The stripper means recited in claim 57 wherein said stripper means is a stripper punch on said ram.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
74 words
The stripper means recited in claim 57 wherein said stripping means has a pair of half members pivoted on said die assembly, biasing means for normally maintaining said half members in the open position, and drive means associated with said half members for moving said half members into the closed position about said ram so that said workpiece is arrested by said closed half members when said ram is retracted through said die assembly.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
90 words
Apparatus for forming a workpiece and having: a. a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and adapted to register with said workpiece and said cavity and for forming said workpiece; b. a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; and c. lubricating means adjacent said workpiece for coating one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles,
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
90 words
Apparatus for forming a workpiece and having: a. a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and adapted to register with said workpiece and said cavity and for forming said workpiece; b. a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; and c. lubricating means adjacent said workpiece for coating one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles,
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
89 words
Apparatus for forming a workpiece and having: a. a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and adapted to register with said workpiece and said cavity and for forming said workpiece; b. a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; c. lubricating means adjacent said workpiece for coating one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles;
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
89 words
Apparatus for forming a workpiece and having: a. a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and adapted to register with said workpiece and said cavity and for forming said workpiece; b. a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; c. lubricating means adjacent said workpiece for coating one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles;
Claim 72
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of forming a workpiece and including the steps of: a. receiving said workpiece in a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and registering said workpiece with said die preparatory for forming said workpiece; b. positioning a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; c. lubricating said workpiece on one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles,
Claim 73
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of forming a workpiece and including the steps of: a. receiving said workpiece in a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and registering said workpiece with said die preparatory for forming said workpiece; b. positioning a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; c. lubricating said workpiece on one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles,
Claim 74
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of forming a workpiece and including the steps of: a. receiving said workpiece in a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and registering said workpiece with said die preparatory for forming said workpiece; b. positioning a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; c. lubricating said workpiece on one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles,
Claim 75
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of forming a workpiece and including the steps of: a. receiving said workpiece in a die assembly having a body provided with a cavity adapted to receive the formed workpiece and a die at one end of said body and registering said workpiece with said die preparatory for forming said workpiece; b. positioning a ram adjacent said die assembly in registry with said workpiece and said die; c. lubricating said workpiece on one side of said workpiece with an abrasive lubricant having a liquid vehicle containing finely divided abrasive particles,
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-11-26 | 1977-05-28 | 1977-11-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-11-26 | 1981-05-28 | 1981-11-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-11-26 | 1985-05-28 | 1985-11-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |