US3767847A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Frame-to-frame redundancy reduction system which transmits an intraframe coded signal
Assignee: AT&T Inc
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Filing: 1971-07-01
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Granted: 1973-10-23
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Expires: 1991-07-01
Abstract
Abstract The element-to-element differences for an entire video frame of picture elements are stored in a frame memory. These stored differences are converted to picture element amplitudes by a decoder. Normally, the amplitude value from the decoder is reconverted into an element-to-element difference by an intraframe coder and coupled back into the frame memory. However, each amplitude value developed by the decoder is also compared with the new amplitude of its corresponding picture element. When a significant difference exists between the amplitude value at the output of the decoder and the new amplitude value, the latter value is coupled to the input of the coder in place of the amplitude value from the decoder. The resulting element-toelement difference is transmitted to a receiving location. In the receiver, element-to-element differences are stored in a frame memory and circulated in a loop including a decoder and intraframe coder similar to that found in the transmitter. In addition, the element-to-element differences out of the receiver''s coder are coupled into a second decoder. When an element-to-element difference for a picture element is received, it is coupled to the input of the second decoder in place of the element-to-element difference from the intraframe coder, and the output of the second decoder is coupled to the input of the intraframe coder in place of the output from the first-mentioned decoder.
Inventors
- 👤 B Haskell
- 👤 J Limb
- 👤 Pease R Wedgwood
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-22 19:38
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N19/00; H04N19/50; H04N19/503; H04N19/507; H04N19/10; H04N19/102; H04N19/124
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
157 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus for use with input signal samples having intervals called frames comprising a coding means for producing an encoded word at its output in response to samples provided at its input, means for generating address words each of which indicates the location of a corresponding encoded word in a frame interval, memory means for storing an entire frame of encoded words, a decoder for translating encoded words from said memory means into amplitude values, means for comparing the amplitude values at the output of said decoder means with said input signal samples, switching means responsive to said comparison means for selectively coupling either said amplitude values at the output of said decoder means or said input signal samples to the input of said coding means, and gating means responsive to said comparison means for coupling an encoded word at the output of said coding means and its corresponding address word to a transmission medium.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
157 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus for use with input signal samples having intervals called frames comprising a coding means for producing an encoded word at its output in response to samples provided at its input, means for generating address words each of which indicates the location of a corresponding encoded word in a frame interval, memory means for storing an entire frame of encoded words, a decoder for translating encoded words from said memory means into amplitude values, means for comparing the amplitude values at the output of said decoder means with said input signal samples, switching means responsive to said comparison means for selectively coupling either said amplitude values at the output of said decoder means or said input signal samples to the input of said coding means, and gating means responsive to said comparison means for coupling an encoded word at the output of said coding means and its corresponding address word to a transmission medium.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
65 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said coding means includes a subtractor circuit having an output and two inputs one of which is connected to receive the sample provided at the input of said coding means, an accumulator means having its output connected to the other of said two inputs, and means for coupling the output of said subtractor circuit to said accumulator means.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 2 wherein said decoder includes an accumulator means substantially identical to said accumulator means in said coding means.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
150 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus for use with video signal samples having frame intervals comprising an intraframe coder for generating an element-to-element difference signal at its output in response to at least two successive samples at its input, a memory means for storing an entire frame interval of element-to-element difference signals, a decoder for converting the element-to-element difference signals out of said memory means into picture element amplitude values, means for comparing a picture element amplitude value at the output of said decoder with an input video signal sample having the same location within the frame interval, means responsive to said comparing means for selectively coupling either the amplitude value from said decoder or said input video signal sample to the input of said intraframe coder, and gating means responsive to said comparing means for coupling the element-to-element difference signal at the output of said intraframe coder to a transmission medium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
150 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus for use with video signal samples having frame intervals comprising an intraframe coder for generating an element-to-element difference signal at its output in response to at least two successive samples at its input, a memory means for storing an entire frame interval of element-to-element difference signals, a decoder for converting the element-to-element difference signals out of said memory means into picture element amplitude values, means for comparing a picture element amplitude value at the output of said decoder with an input video signal sample having the same location within the frame interval, means responsive to said comparing means for selectively coupling either the amplitude value from said decoder or said input video signal sample to the input of said intraframe coder, and gating means responsive to said comparing means for coupling the element-to-element difference signal at the output of said intraframe coder to a transmission medium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
61 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein said intraframe coder includes a digital subtractor circuit having one input coupled to receive a sample at the input of said coder, an accumulator means having its output connected to a second input of said digital subtractor, and means for coupling the output of said digital subtractor to an input of said accumulator means.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said decoder has an accumulator means substantially identical to the accumulator means in said intraframe coder.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
203 words
Redundancy reduction receiving apparatus for processing a received encoded word having a particular location within a frame interval comprising memory means for storing an entire frame of encoded words, means for generating address words which indicate by their values the locations of corresponding encoded wordS in a frame interval, a first decoder means for converting an encoder word read out of said memory means into an amplitude value, coding means for converting an amplitude value at its input into an encoded word at its output, means for coupling an encoded word from said coding means into said memory means, a second decoder means for converting an encoded word at its input into an amplitude value at its output, means responsive to said address generating means for generating an energizing signal when an address word from said address generating means is identical to the particular location of said received encoded word, and a switching means responsive to said energizing signal for selectively coupling either an encoded word from said coding means or said received encoded word into said second decoder means and for selectively coupling an amplitude value either from said first decoder means or from said second decoder means into said coding means.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
203 words
Redundancy reduction receiving apparatus for processing a received encoded word having a particular location within a frame interval comprising memory means for storing an entire frame of encoded words, means for generating address words which indicate by their values the locations of corresponding encoded wordS in a frame interval, a first decoder means for converting an encoder word read out of said memory means into an amplitude value, coding means for converting an amplitude value at its input into an encoded word at its output, means for coupling an encoded word from said coding means into said memory means, a second decoder means for converting an encoded word at its input into an amplitude value at its output, means responsive to said address generating means for generating an energizing signal when an address word from said address generating means is identical to the particular location of said received encoded word, and a switching means responsive to said energizing signal for selectively coupling either an encoded word from said coding means or said received encoded word into said second decoder means and for selectively coupling an amplitude value either from said first decoder means or from said second decoder means into said coding means.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
68 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 7 wherein said coding means includes a subtractor circuit having an output and two inputs one of which is connected to receive the sample provided at the input of said coding means, an accumulator means having its output connected to the other of said two inputs, and means for coupling the output of said subtractor circuit to an input of said accumulator means.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 8 wherein said first and second decoder means each includes an accumulator means substantially identical to said accumulator means in said coding means.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
205 words
Redundancy reduction receiving apparatus for use with input element-to-element difference signals having particular locations in a video frame interval comprising an intraframe coder for developing an element-to-element difference signal in response to at least two successive amplitude samples at its input, a memory means for storing an entire frame interval of element-to-element difference signals, a first decoder for converting element-to-element difference signals out of said frame memory into picture element amplitude values, a second decoder for converting an element-to-element difference signal at its input into an amplitude value at its output, means for generating address words each one of which indicates a particular location in said frame interval, means for generating an energizing signal when the generated address word corresponds to the same location as an input element-to-element difference signal, first switching means responsive to said energizing signal for selectively coupling either an input element-to-element difference signal or the element-to-element difference signal at the output of said intraframe coder into said second decoder, and a second switching means responsive to said energizing signal for selectively coupling either the amplitude value at the output of said first decoder or the amplitude value at the output of said second decoder to the input of said intraframe coder.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
205 words
Redundancy reduction receiving apparatus for use with input element-to-element difference signals having particular locations in a video frame interval comprising an intraframe coder for developing an element-to-element difference signal in response to at least two successive amplitude samples at its input, a memory means for storing an entire frame interval of element-to-element difference signals, a first decoder for converting element-to-element difference signals out of said frame memory into picture element amplitude values, a second decoder for converting an element-to-element difference signal at its input into an amplitude value at its output, means for generating address words each one of which indicates a particular location in said frame interval, means for generating an energizing signal when the generated address word corresponds to the same location as an input element-to-element difference signal, first switching means responsive to said energizing signal for selectively coupling either an input element-to-element difference signal or the element-to-element difference signal at the output of said intraframe coder into said second decoder, and a second switching means responsive to said energizing signal for selectively coupling either the amplitude value at the output of said first decoder or the amplitude value at the output of said second decoder to the input of said intraframe coder.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
68 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 10 wherein said intraframe coder includes a subtractor circuit having an output and two inputs one of which is connected to receive the sample provided at the input of said intraframe coder, an accumulator means having its output connected to the other of said two inputs, and means for coupling the output of said subtractor circuit to an input of said accumulator means.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 11 wherein said first and second decoders each include an accumulator means substantially identical to said accumulator means in said intraframe coder.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3571505A
Cited
US3603725A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-10-22 | 1977-04-23 | 1977-10-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-10-22 | 1981-04-23 | 1981-10-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-10-22 | 1985-04-23 | 1985-10-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |